Q2 2025 PDS Biotechnology Corp Earnings Call and Business Update

Speaker #1: Greetings, welcome to PDS Biotech second quarter 2025 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation.

Operator: Greetings. Welcome to PDS Biotech's second quarter 2025 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce Mike Moyer with LifeSci Advisors. Thank you. You may begin.

Speaker #1: If anyone should require operator assistance, please press *0 on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded, it is now my pleasure to introduce Mike Moyer with Lakeside Advisors.

Speaker #1: Thank you, you may begin.

Speaker #2: Thank you, operator. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to PDS Biotech's second quarter 2025 results. In clinical programs, update call. I'm joined on the call today by the following members of the company's management team: Dr. Frank Bedu-Adol, Chief Executive Officer; Dr. Kirk Shepherd, Chief Medical Officer; and Lars Boesgaard.

Mike Moyer: Thank you, operator. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to PDS Biotech's second quarter 2025 results and clinical programs update call. I am joined on the call today by the following members of the company's management team: Dr. Frank Bedu-Addo, Chief Executive Officer; Dr. Kirk Shepard, Chief Medical Officer; and Lars Boesgaard, Chief Financial Officer. Dr. Bedu-Addo will begin with an overview of the company's recent progress in its clinical development program. Mr. Boesgaard will then review the financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2025. Dr. Shepard will join the call to help address questions from covering analysts during the Q&A. As a reminder, during this call, we will be making forward-looking statements which are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these statements.

Speaker #2: Chief Financial Officer. Dr. Bedu-Adol will begin with an overview of the company's recent progress in its clinical development program, Mr. Boesgaard will then review the financial results for the quarter, end of June 30, 2025, and Dr. Shepherd will join the call to help address questions from covering analysts during the Q&A.

Speaker #2: As a reminder, during this call, we will be making forward-looking statements, which are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially.

Speaker #2: From these statements, any such statements should be considered in conjunction with cautionary statements in our press releases and risk factors discussed in our filings with the SEC.

Mike Moyer: Any such statements should be considered in conjunction with cautionary statements in our press releases and risk factors discussed in our filings with the SEC, including our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and annual report on Form 10-K and cautionary statements made during this call. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements or information. Now I would like to turn the call over to Dr. Bedu-Addo. Frank? Thank you, Mike. Dr. Bedu-Addo, you are in. Good morning. Oh, thank you. Good morning, everyone. It is our pleasure to speak with you again and to provide this brief update on our progress in advancing our clinical programs. The second quarter of 2025 and recent weeks have been a productive period for PDS Biotech.

Speaker #2: Including our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, an annual report on Form 10-K, and cautionary statements made during this call. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements or information.

Speaker #2: Now I'd like to turn the call over to Dr. Bedu-Adol, Frank.

Speaker #3: Thank you, Mike. Dr. Bedu-Adol, you're in good morning. Thank you. Good morning, everyone. It's our pleasure to speak with you again and to provide this brief update on our progress in advancing our clinical programs.

Speaker #3: The second quarter of 2025 and recent weeks have been a productive period for PDS Biotech. During the quarter, we continued to advance our versatile 003 Phase III clinical trial evaluating PDS-0101 adverse immune HPV in HPV-16 positive recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer.

Mike Moyer: During the quarter, we continued to advance our Versatile 003 Phase 3 clinical trial, evaluating PDS0101, or Versamune HPV, in HPV 16 positive recurrence and/or metastatic head and neck cancer. We also presented positive updated data from our Versatile 002 trial, further demonstrating the durable clinical benefit of PDS0101 in this patient population. As reported in two separate peer-reviewed publications, which compared clinical responses and survival in the different types of head and neck cancer, HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer patients were more difficult to treat with worse survival outcomes. As recently reported in the clinical journal Lancet, HPV 16 positive oropharyngeal cancer represents a large and the fastest growing type of head and neck cancer. There are currently no targeted therapies to treat the underlying cause of HPV 16 positive cancer.

Speaker #3: We also presented positive updated data from our versatile 002 trial, further demonstrating the durable clinical benefit of PDS-0101 in this patient population. As reported in two separate peer-reviewed publications, which compared clinical responses and survival in the different types of head and neck cancer, HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer patients were more difficult to treat with worse survival outcomes.

Speaker #3: As recently reported in the Clinical Journal Lancet, HPV-16 positive areopharyngeal cancer represents a large, and the fastest growing type of head and neck cancer.

Speaker #3: The recurrently no-targeted therapies to treat the underlying cause of HPV-16 positive cancer. Based on independent market research conducted in November 2024 among head and neck cancer oncologists, over 50% of head and neck cancer cases in the United States are HPV-16 positive.

Mike Moyer: Based on independent market research conducted in November of 2024 among head and neck cancer oncologists, over 50% of head and neck cancer cases in the United States are HPV 16 positive. HPV positive and HPV negative head and neck cancer are two distinct diseases with different underlying causes, origin, risk factors, and contributions to the development of head and neck cancer. Current clinical guidelines do not differentiate between HPV positive and HPV negative patients, despite the significant biological and pathophysiological differences in disease cause, development, and progression, thus presenting a significant opportunity for an effective HPV-targeted immunotherapy.

Speaker #3: HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck cancer are two distinct diseases with different underlying causes, origin, risk factors, and contributions to the development of head and neck cancer.

Speaker #3: Current clinical guidelines do not differentiate between HPV-positive and HPV-negative patients despite the significant biological and pathophysiological differences in disease cause, development, and progression, thus presenting a significant opportunity for an effective HPV-targeted immunotherapy.

Speaker #3: Importantly, in addition to this, patients with HPV-positive head and neck cancer are generally not candidates for surgery, due to the pathophysiology of the HPV-positive tumors and therefore not anticipated by oncologists to benefit from the recent approval of Keytruda as neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Mike Moyer: Importantly, in addition to this, patients with HPV positive head and neck cancer are generally not candidates for surgery due to the pathophysiology of the HPV positive tumors and therefore not anticipated by oncologists to benefit from the recent approval of pembrolizumab as neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer. It is projected in a recent issue of the British Dental Journal that by the mid-2030s, HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer will become the most prevalent type of head and neck cancer in the United States and Europe. All these reasons make the increasing prevalence of HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer a growing and severe unmet medical need. PDS Biotech is specifically addressing head and neck cancer related to HPV 16, which is confirmed to be the most carcinogenic type of HPV.

Speaker #3: It is projected in a recent issue of the British Dental Journal that by the mid-2030s, HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer will become the most prevalent type of head and neck cancer in the United States and Europe.

Speaker #3: All these reasons make the increasing prevalence of HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer a growing and severe unmet medical need. PDS Biotech is specifically addressing head and neck cancer related to HPV-16, which is confirmed to be the most carcinogenic type of HPV.

Speaker #3: HPV-16 is a specific type of HPV that must be confirmed using a polymerase chain reaction or PCR test rather than the commonly used P16 histochemistry test.

Mike Moyer: HPV 16 is a specific type of HPV that must be confirmed using a polymerase chain reaction or PCR test rather than the commonly used P16 histochemistry test. Our Versatile 003 trial differs from other ongoing Phase 3 clinical trials addressing first-line recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer in its specific targeting of the HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer population and its therapeutic approach. The two-arm registrational trial design includes approximately 350 patients. The two arms of the trial include a treatment arm of the PDS0101 pembrolizumab combination versus the control arm of pembrolizumab only. Patients are being enrolled in a two-to-one randomization. Median overall survival is the primary endpoint. An overview of this trial was presented as a poster at the ASCO 2025 annual meeting.

Speaker #3: Our versatile 003 trial differs from other ongoing Phase III clinical trials addressing first-line recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer, in its specific targeting of the HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer population, and its therapeutic approach.

Speaker #3: The two-arm registrational trial design includes approximately 350 patients. The two arms of the trial include a treatment arm of the PDS-0101 pembrolizumab combination, versus the control arm of pembrolizumab only.

Speaker #3: Patients are being enrolled in a two-to-one randomization. Median overall survival is the primary endpoint. An overview of this trial was presented as a poster at the ASCO 2025 annual meeting.

Speaker #3: This trial has been informed and supported by the encouraging data and observed durability we continue to see from our versatile 002 trial. The most recent data from this trial were also presented at the ASCO annual meeting and underscore our belief in the potential of the combination to be the first HPV-16 targeted immunotherapy for head and neck cancer.

Mike Moyer: This trial has been informed and supported by the encouraging data and observed durability we continue to see from our Versatile 002 trial. The most recent data from this trial were also presented at the ASCO annual meeting and underscore our belief in the potential of the combination to be the first HPV 16 targeted immunotherapy for head and neck cancer. Median overall survival remains steady at 30 months over the last one and a half years, suggesting durability of the PDS0101 induced clinical responses. The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for median overall survival increased from 18.4 months in 2023 to 23.9 months as the data has matured. All data were reported according to RECIST version 1.1 criteria, requiring clinical responses on at least two consecutive tumor scans at least four weeks apart. Enrollment in the trial is complete. 22 patients continue to be followed for survival.

Speaker #3: Median overall survival remains steady at 30 months over the last one and a half years. Suggesting durability of the PDS-0101 induced clinical responses. The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for median overall survival increased from 18.4 months in 2023 to 23.9 months as the data has matured.

Speaker #3: All data were reported according to recent version 1.1 criteria, requiring clinical responses on at least two consecutive tumor scans at least four weeks apart.

Speaker #3: Enrollment in the trial is complete, 22 patients continue to be followed for survival. No new safety signals have emerged. Considering the strength and durability of the clinical responses observed in our versatile 002 Phase II study to date, we are confident in the potential of the combination of PDS-0101 and pembrolizumab to significantly improve outcomes for patients with recurrent and/or metastatic HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer.

Mike Moyer: No new safety signals have emerged. Considering the strength and durability of the clinical responses observed in our Versatile 002 Phase 2 study to date, we are confident in the potential of the combination of PDS0101 and pembrolizumab to significantly improve outcomes for patients with recurrent and/or metastatic HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer. At ASCO, a third abstract was presented as a poster by Dr. David M. Rautman, Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology at the Mayo Clinic. This poster highlighted results of the MC200710 study investigating PDS0101 alone or with pembrolizumab as neoadjuvant treatment prior to surgery or radiation therapy for locally advanced HPV 16 positive oropharyngeal cancer. In the prospective Phase 2 trial, newly diagnosed patients were administered two cycles of PDS0101 alone or in combination with pembrolizumab before surgical resection or chemoradiotherapy.

Speaker #3: At ASCO, a third abstract was presented as a poster by Dr. David M. Routman, MD, Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology at the Mayo Clinic.

Speaker #3: This poster highlighted results of the MC200710 study investigating PDS-0101 alone or with pembrolizumab as neoadjuvant treatment prior to surgery or radiation therapy for locally advanced HPV-16 positive areopharyngeal cancer.

Speaker #3: In the prospective Phase II trial, newly diagnosed patients were administered two cycles of PDS-0101 alone or in combination with pembrolizumab before surgical resection or chemoradiotherapy.

Speaker #3: Results showed that clinical activity was seen with only two cycles of PDS-0101 alone, and also with two cycles of verse immune HPV with pembrolizumab.

Mike Moyer: Results showed that clinical activity was seen with only two cycles of PDS0101 alone and also with two cycles of Versamune HPV with pembrolizumab. 70% of patients who received two cycles of PDS0101 alone had clinical responses with stable disease, and 100% of patients who received two cycles of PDS0101 with pembrolizumab had stable disease or partial response. The combination of PDS0101 and pembrolizumab met the trial's primary endpoint of 50% reduction in circulating tumor DNA response. The biomarker ctDNA is measured as part of the protocol of our Versatile 003 Phase 3 trial. Elsewhere in our pipeline, we announced that the colorectal cancer cohort of the Phase 2 clinical trial with PDS01ADC met the criteria for expansion to Stage 2 following positive Stage 1 results. This trial is being led by the National Cancer Institute.

Speaker #3: Seventy percent of patients who received two cycles of PDS-0101 alone had clinical responses with stable disease, and one hundred percent of patients who received two cycles of PDS-0101 with pembrolizumab had stable disease or partial response.

Speaker #3: The combination of PDS-0101 and pembrolizumab met the trial's primary endpoint of a 50% reduction in circulating tumor DNA response. The biomarker ctDNA is measured as part of the protocol of our versatile 003 Phase III trial.

Speaker #3: Elsewhere in our pipeline, we announced that the colorectal cancer cohort of the Phase II clinical trial with PDS-0180C met the criteria for expansion to Stage II, following positive Stage I results.

Speaker #3: This trial is being led by the National Cancer Institute. In the metastatic colorectal cancer cohort of the study, a promising response rate of at least six out of nine confirmed objective responses by recent version 1.1 criteria was observed.

Mike Moyer: In the metastatic colorectal cancer cohort of the study, a promising response rate of at least six out of nine confirmed objective responses by RESIS version 1.1 criteria was observed. These encouraging results triggered enrollment expansion into Stage 2 under the SIMON II Stage design of the trial. Colorectal cancer is among the most deadly and difficult to treat cancers. In 2020, it was estimated that more than 930,000 deaths were due to colorectal cancer worldwide, according to the World Health Organization, and more effective treatments are desperately needed. This novel investigational approach to the targeting and use of our antibody-fused IL-12 results in little or no systemic exposure to IL-12 and may allow patients to reap the benefits of cytokine therapy without the typical treatment-limiting toxicities.

Speaker #3: These encouraging results triggered enrollment expansion into Stage II, under the Simon II stage design of the trial. Colorectal cancer is among the most deadly and difficult to treat cancers.

Speaker #3: In 2020, it was estimated that more than 930,000 deaths were due to colorectal cancer worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. More effective treatments are desperately needed.

Speaker #3: This novel investigational approach to the targeting and use of our antibody-fused IL-12 results in little or no systemic exposure to IL-12 and may allow patients to reap the benefits of cytokine therapy without the typical treatment-limiting toxicities.

Speaker #3: We are delighted that the NCI has achieved this milestone, and we anticipate completion of patient recruitment for the metastatic colorectal cancer cohort of the study by the fourth quarter of 2025.

Mike Moyer: We are delighted that the NCI has achieved this milestone, and we anticipate completion of patient recruitment for the metastatic colorectal cancer cohort of the study by the fourth quarter of 2025. Finally, during our second quarter, we also announced that preclinical efficacy and immune response data in mice and ferrets with a novel Infectimune-based universal flu vaccine were featured in two presentations on universal influenza vaccine, including an oral symposium at the American Association of Immunologists' Immunology 2025 annual meeting. These studies were funded by and performed by investigators at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Center for influenza vaccine research for high-risk populations.

Speaker #3: Finally, during the our second quarter, we also announced that preclinical efficacy and immune response data in mice and ferrets with a novel insect immune-based universal flu vaccine were featured in two presentations on universal influenza vaccines, including an oral symposium at the American Association of Immunologists Immunology 2025 annual meeting.

Speaker #3: These studies were funded by and performed by investigators at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Center for Influenza Vaccine Research for high-risk populations.

Speaker #3: Our Phase II clinical collaborations with the National Cancer Institute, MD Anderson Cancer Center, and the Mayo Clinic as well as our preclinical collaboration with the NIAID allow us to focus our resources on our versatile 003 Phase III clinical trial while progressing development of our pipeline via these investigator-led studies.

Mike Moyer: Our Phase 2 clinical collaborations with the National Cancer Institute, MD Anderson Cancer Center, and the Mayo Clinic, as well as our preclinical collaboration with the NIAID, allow us to focus our resources on our Versatile 003 Phase 3 clinical trial while progressing the development of our pipeline via these investigator-led studies. Now I will turn it over to Lars for a review of our results for the second quarter of 2025. Lars.

Speaker #3: Now I will turn it over to Lars for a review of our results for the second quarter of 2025. Lars?

Speaker #4: Thanks, Frank. And good morning, everyone. As a briefing on our second quarter financial results, we reported a net loss of approximately $9.4 million, or $0.21 per basic and diluted share, for the three months ended June 30, 2025. This compares to a net loss of $8.3 million, or $0.23 per share, for the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Frank Bedu-Addo: Thanks, Frank, and good morning, everyone. To brief you on our second quarter financial results, we reported a net loss of approximately $9.4 million or $0.21 per basic and diluted share for the three months ended June 30, 2025, which compared to $8.3 million or $0.23 per share for the three months ended June 30, 2024. The increase in net loss was primarily due to higher net interest expenses, which were partially offset by lower personnel costs. Research and development expenses were $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to $4.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to lower personnel costs, which were partially offset by higher manufacturing costs. General administrative expenses were $3.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to $4.2 million for the same period last year.

Speaker #4: The increase in net loss was primarily due to higher net interest expenses, which were partially offset by lower personnel costs. Research and development expenses were $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to $4.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Speaker #4: The decrease was primarily due to lower personnel costs, which were partially offset by higher manufacturing costs. General administrative expenses were $3.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to $4.2 million for the same period last year.

Speaker #4: The decrease was primarily due to lower personnel costs and lower professional fees. Total operating expenses were $7.6 million for the three months ended June 30, compared to $8.7 million for the same period last year.

Frank Bedu-Addo: The decrease was primarily due to lower personnel costs and lower professional fees. Total operating expenses were $7.6 million for the three months ended June 30, which compared to $8.7 million for the same period last year. Net interest expenses were $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, which compared to $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024. This increase was primarily due to debt repayment costs. Our cash balance as of June 30, 2025, was $31.9 million compared to $41.7 million as of December 31, 2024. With that, operator, we can open the call to questions.

Speaker #4: Net interest expenses were $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared to $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Speaker #4: This increase was primarily due to debt repayment costs. Our cash balance as of June 30, 2025, was 31.9 million dollars compared to 41.7 million as of December 31, 2024.

Speaker #4: And with that, operator, we can open the call to questions.

Speaker #1: Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press *1 on your telephone keypad, a confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue.

Operator: Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. Our first question is from Mayank Mamtani with B Riley Securities. Please proceed.

Speaker #1: You may press *2 if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the * keys.

Speaker #1: Our first question is from Mayank Mantami with B Riley Securities. Please proceed.

Speaker #3: Yes, good morning. Thanks for taking our questions, and congrats on the progress. So, regarding the Versatile 002 ASCO data presented, I wonder what the plan is for follow-up from that?

Mayank Mamtani: Yes, good morning. Thanks for taking our questions and congratulations on the progress. Regarding the Versatile 002 ASCO data presented, I wonder what is the plan for follow-up from that? I believe 22 patients you said are being followed for survival. When might we see you report or even publish final results? I guess the important question, how is the data dissemination helping drive enrollment in 003? Then I have a couple of follow-ups.

Speaker #3: I believe 22 patients you said are being followed for survival, when might we see you report or even publish final results and I guess the important question, how is the data dissemination helping drive enrollment and 003?

Speaker #3: And then I have a couple of follow-ups.

Speaker #4: My thanks a lot for your question. So, the versatile 002 trial, as you mentioned, is still in progress. We are anticipating that once the final patient gets their final dose, of the treatment, meaning as you know, these patients continue on Keytruda for a substantial period of time.

Frank Bedu-Addo: Mayank, thanks a lot for your question. The Versatile 002 trial, as you mentioned, is still in progress. We anticipate that once the final patient gets their final dose of the treatment, meaning, as you know, these patients continue on pembrolizumab for a substantial period of time. But once the final patient gets their final treatment on the trial, we anticipate that the trial will be closed at that point. As we have stated in our projections, we do anticipate that the final data readout will be presented or published sometime before the end of this calendar year or very early next year, pending how long it takes for review and all the usual things that occur with a peer-reviewed publication.

Speaker #4: But once the final patient gets their final treatment on the trial, we anticipate that the trial will be closed at that point. As we have stated in our projections, we do anticipate that the final data readout will be presented or published sometime before the end of this calendar year or very early next year, pending how long it takes for review and all of the usual things that occur with a peer-reviewed publication.

Speaker #4: But we do anticipate that, most likely, the total data package—right, including ORR, PFS, safety, all inclusive—will be disseminated most likely through a peer-reviewed publication later this year or very early next year.

Frank Bedu-Addo: We do anticipate that most likely the total data package, including objective response rate, PFS, safety, all inclusive, will be disseminated most likely through a peer-reviewed publication later this year or very early next year. You talked about enrollment. I will let Kirk chime in. As you know, one of the key benefits of this approach to date has been the tolerability, ease of administration, and of course, the very promising median overall survival. If you have listened to all our KOL events, the one key thing that the oncologists keep bringing up is they need something that is going to allow their patients to live long-term without providing significant toxicity. Quality of life and prolonged survival is one of the critical things that all oncologists are looking for.

Speaker #4: You talked about enrollment. I'll let Kirk chime in. But as you know, one of the key benefits of this approach to date has been the tolerability, ease of administration, and of course, the very promising median overall survival.

Speaker #4: If you've listened to all our KOL events, the one key thing that the oncologists keep bringing up is they need something that's going to allow their patients to live long-term without providing significant toxicity.

Speaker #4: Quality of life and prolonged survival is one of the critical things that all oncologists are looking for. And that's one of the key benefits we have seen from this combination throughout the versatile 002 trial.

Frank Bedu-Addo: That is one of the key benefits we have seen from this combination throughout the Versatile 002 trial and what keeps on coming up: the durability of the responses that these patients are seeing, the tolerability of the drug, the ease of administration. It is a simple subcutaneous injection, and most importantly, survival. Those are key things that oncologists are looking for. I will hand over to Kirk because he has been dealing more directly with oncologists and the investigators. Kirk, anything you would like to add?

Speaker #4: And what keeps on coming up, the durability of the responses that these patients are seeing, the tolerability of the drug, the ease of administration.

Speaker #4: It's a simple subcutaneous injection, and most importantly, survival. Right? Those are key things that oncologists are looking for. But I'll hand over to Kirk because he has been dealing more directly with oncologists in the investigators.

Speaker #4: Kirk, is there anything you'd like to add?

Speaker #5: Yeah, thank you, Frank. Yeah, we've been very encouraged by the response of our investigators to go forth with the study, which began in March of this year, the versatile 003 study.

Kirk Shepard: Yeah, thank you, Frank. We've been very encouraged by the response of our investigators to go forth with the study, which began in March of this year, the Versatile 003 study. The sites have been very encouraged by the results, of course, with a 30-month median overall survival, as well as Frank mentioned, the tolerability of this therapy. We have had a lot of feedback from the sites, particularly around the fact that many of these sites took place where we're participating in the Phase 2 study. They have signed on, which we're very encouraged by. It's given us a nice core of sites to begin site accrual. We're right on schedule as far as getting the number of sites that we'll need to do the study. Very encouraged.

Speaker #5: The sites have been very encouraged by the results, of course, with a 30-month median overall survival as well as, Frank mentioned, the tolerability of this therapy.

Speaker #5: We have had a lot of feedback from the sites particularly around the fact that many of these sites took place were participating in the Phase II study.

Speaker #5: So, they have signed on, which we're very encouraged by. It's given us a nice core of sites to begin site accrual, and we're right on schedule as far as getting the number of sites that we'll need to do the study.

Speaker #5: So, very encouraged. People are understanding the importance of the specificity of HPV-16 positive therapy. And our reacting to that and that they are signing up for the study.

Kirk Shepard: People are understanding the importance of the specificity of HPV 16 positive therapy and are reacting to that in that they are signing up for the study.

Speaker #5: Thank you. And if you could confirm, Kirk, if there is any other large-scale trial out there seeking patients with this comparable screening criteria, and lastly, would be great to also hear an update on the Mayo Clinic window of opportunity trial progress that obviously allows us to compare versus the keynote 689 neoadjuvant trial, which obviously focuses on the HPV-negative I recognize you guys are obviously focused on the HPV-16 positive in that earlier line study thanks again for taking our questions.

Mayank Mamtani: Thank you. If you could confirm, Kirk, if there is any other large-scale trial out there seeking patients with this comparable screening criteria. Lastly, it would be great to also hear an update on the Mayo Clinic Window of Opportunity trial progress that obviously allows us to compare versus the KEYNOTE 689 neoadjuvant trial, which obviously focuses on the HPV negative. I recognize you guys are obviously focused on the HPV 16 positive in that earlier line study. Thanks again for taking our questions.

Speaker #5: Certainly. Your question about competing trials—there are fewer competing trials than we had maybe a year ago. This is due to a couple of companies dropping off their trials. Also, remember the specificity of our trial for HPV-16 positive; there's really only one other major trial with BioNTech that is also recruiting for their study.

Kirk Shepard: Certainly. Your question about competing trials, there are less competing trials than we had maybe a year ago because of a couple of companies dropping off their trials. Also, remember, the specificity of our trial for HPV 16 positive is really only one other major trial with BioNTech who are also recruiting for their study. They are not as far as us. They are in Phase 2 moving into Phase 3. Even though we shouldn't compare results from Phase 2 studies, their median overall survival for the population so far reported is not as high as ours. We feel really good about the lack of competition now compared to what it was a year ago with the number of companies that are trying to be in this space. Your other question regarding the neoadjuvant therapy, the Mayo Clinic study, very important.

Speaker #5: They are not as far as us. They are Phase II moving into Phase III. And even though we shouldn't compare results from Phase II studies, their median overall survival for the population so far reported is not as high as ours.

Speaker #5: So, we feel really good about the lack of competition now compared to what it was a year ago with the number of companies that are trying to be in this space.

Speaker #5: Your other question regarding the neoadjuvant therapy, the Mayo Clinic study, is very important, as you said. It represents a window of opportunity for us, as we observed responses after just two cycles of PDS-0101, both with and without pembrolizumab, in the neoadjuvant treatment of squamous cell head and neck cancer.

Kirk Shepard: As you said, it's a window of opportunity for us that's only with two cycles of PDS0101 that we saw responses both with and without pembrolizumab in the neoadjuvant treatment of squamous cell head and neck cancer. This is important as far as the future design of our studies. Mayo Clinic and others who will participate in this study remain excited about pursuing this in the near future. Just one note to add about the KEYNOTE 689. Please remember that the population they treated for this successful study does not really apply to our studies in HPV 16 positive. These were patients that the requirement was that they undergo surgery, and most patients, if not all, are not treated with surgery in the stages that they treated. The trial 689 only had around 3% of the patients who were HPV positive.

Speaker #5: This is important as far as the future design of our studies. Mayo Clinic and others who were participating in the study remain excited about pursuing this in the near future.

Speaker #5: Just one note to add about the keynote 689: please remember that the population they treated for this successful study does not really apply to our studies in HPV-16 positive.

Speaker #5: These were patients for whom the requirement was that they undergo surgery. And most patients, if not all, are not treated with surgery in the stages that they were treated.

Speaker #5: So, that the trial 689 only had around 3% of the patients who were HPV positive. So, this really applies mostly to HPV-negative patients and not HPV positive.

Kirk Shepard: This really applies mostly to HPV negative patients and not HPV positive. I hope I've answered your question.

Speaker #5: I hope I've answered your question.

Speaker #3: Yes, you did. Thank you, Kirk.

Mayank Mamtani: Yes, you did. Thank you, Kirk.

Speaker #4: And Mayank, I'll add a little bit to what Kirk also just said. Also, I think it's important to put that in perspective right in terms of the fact that we know today that the keynote 689 approach is addressing predominantly HPV-negative patients.

Frank Bedu-Addo: Mayank, I will add a little bit to what Kirk also just said. I think it is important to put that in perspective, right, in terms of the fact that we know today that the KEYNOTE 689 approach is addressing predominantly HPV negative patients. We know that the vast majority of head and neck cancer patients in the United States and Europe are going to be HPV 16 positive, right? So that window of opportunity trial was a really good insight to the potential of PDS0101 and PDS0101 plus pembrolizumab in addressing these locally advanced head and neck cancer patients. One of the key reasons why that was so attractive to Mayo Clinic, as we have mentioned, is the tolerability and ease of administration, right? When you get higher up or earlier in the treatment paradigm, safety becomes extremely important, right?

Speaker #4: We know that the vast majority of head and neck cancer patients in the United States and Europe are going to be HPV-16 positive.

Speaker #4: Right? So, that window of opportunity trial was a really good insight to the potential of PDS-0101 and PDS-0101 plus Pembro, in addressing these locally advanced head and neck cancer patients.

Speaker #4: But one of the key reasons why that was so attractive to Mayo Clinic, as we've mentioned, is the tolerability and ease of administration. Right?

Speaker #4: When you get higher up or earlier in the treatment paradigm, safety becomes extremely important. Right? And if you can replace chemotherapy with something a lot more tolerable and easy to administer, you have a significant potential advantage in that particular space.

Frank Bedu-Addo: If you can replace chemotherapy with something a lot more tolerable and easy to administer, you have a significant potential advantage in that particular space. That was very important for the oncologists to get comfortable that with even just two doses, they could see a strong clinical response. For PDS0101 specifically, it was also very important because we have performed a monotherapy study in our Phase 1 clinical trial, but it was in precervical cancer, right? This was, again, an opportunity to look at PDS0101 as a monotherapy in an advanced cancer population, right? With just two doses, we saw good clinical responses in those patients, right? Again, really understanding the contribution of these agents, right, in terms of the combination and really moving this forward potentially. A really significant opportunity and also very enlightening in terms of the clinical responses that we saw with PDS0101 alone and the combination.

Speaker #4: So, that was very important for the oncologists to get comfortable that with even just two doses, that they could see a strong clinical response.

Speaker #4: For PDS-0101 specifically, it was also very important because we have performed a monotherapy study in our Phase I clinical trial, but it was in preservical cancer.

Speaker #4: Right? So, this was again an opportunity to look at PDS-0101 as a monotherapy in an advanced cancer population. Right? And with just two doses, we saw good clinical responses in those patients.

Speaker #4: Right? So, again, really understanding the contribution of these agents, in terms of the combination and really moving this potential forward. So, a really significant opportunity and also very enlightening in terms of their clinical responses that we saw with PDS-0101 alone and the combination.

Speaker #5: Mr. Nowpump, I can recuse. Thank you, Frank.

Kirk Shepard: At least you're not a pump back in the queue. Thank you, Frank.

Speaker #1: There are no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the call back over to Frank for closing remarks.

Operator: There are no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the call back over to Frank for closing remarks.

Speaker #4: Thank you, operator. In closing, we are very pleased to continue advancing our versatile 003 registrational trial of PDS-0101 in HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer.

Frank Bedu-Addo: Thank you, operator. In closing, we are very pleased to continue advancing our Versatile 003 registrational trial of PDS0101 in HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer. Versatile 003, as we mentioned, is the first Phase 3 clinical trial focused specifically on the growing population of HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer. We are excited based on the strong Versatile 002 results and our fast-track designation about the potential of PDS0101 in head and neck cancer. We look forward, as we discussed, to publishing the full data set for Versatile 002 trial later this year. Our engagement with multiple leading clinical investigators and oncology institutions has validated our approach and the long-term opportunity that we believe our HPV 16 targeted immunotherapy represents in the HPV 16 positive head and neck cancer indication. We look forward to keeping you updated on our progress. Thank you very much again.

Speaker #4: Versatile 003, as we mentioned, is the first Phase III clinical trial focused specifically on the growing population of HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer.

Speaker #4: We are excited based on the strong versatile 002 results and our fast track designation about the potential of PDS-0101 in head and neck cancer.

Speaker #4: We look forward, as we discussed, to publishing the full data set for the Versatile 002 trial later this year. Our engagement with multiple leading clinical investigators and oncology institutions has validated our approach and the long-term opportunity that we believe our HPV-16 targeted immunotherapy represents in the HPV-16 positive head and neck cancer indication.

Speaker #4: We look forward to keeping you updated on our progress. Thank you very much again.

Operator: Thank you. This will conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and thank you for your participation.