Q2 2026 AST SpaceMobile Inc Earnings Call

August 10, 2026

Speaker #1: Thank you for standing by. Welcome to ASD Space Mobile's Q2 2026 business update. Please be advised that today's call is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to Max Colbergt, Investor Relations Manager of ASD Space Mobile.

Speaker #1: Thank you. You may begin.

Speaker #2: Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Today I'm also joined by Chairman and CEO, Abel Avalon, President Scott Wisniewski, and CFO and Chief Legal Officer, Andy Johnson.

Speaker #2: Let me refer you to slide 2 of the presentation, which contains our Safe Harbor disclaimer: during today's call, we may make certain forward-looking statements.

Speaker #2: These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions, and as a result, are subject to risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause actual events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements on this call.

Speaker #2: For more information about these risks and uncertainties, please refer to the Risk Factors section of AST Space Mobile's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2025, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and other documents filed by AST Space Mobile with the SEC from time to time.

Speaker #2: Also, after our initial remarks, we'll be starting our Q&A section with questions submitted in advance by our shareholders. For those of you who may be new to our company and mission, there are nearly 6 billion mobile phones today around the world, but many of us still experience gaps in coverage as we live work and travel.

Speaker #2: Additionally, there are billions of people without cellular broadband and who remain unconnected to the global economy. The markets we are pursuing in AST Space Mobile are massive, and the problem we are solving is important and touches nearly all of us.

Operator: Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to AST SpaceMobile second quarter 2026 business update. Please be advised that today's call is being recorded. I will now turn the conference over to Max Colbert, Investor Relations Manager of AST SpaceMobile. Thank you. You may begin.

Speaker #1: Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to AST SpaceMobile's Q2 2026 business update. Please be advised that today's call is being recorded.

Speaker #1: I will now turn the conference over to Max Colbert, Investor Relations Manager of AST SpaceMobile. Thank you. You may begin.

Speaker #2: In this backdrop, AST Space Mobile is building the first and only global cellular broadband network in space to operate directly with everyday unmodified mobile phones, supported by our extensive IP and patent portfolio.

Speaker #2: Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Today, I'm also joined by Chairman and CEO Abel Avellan, President Scott Wisniewski, and CFO and Chief Legal Officer Andrew Johnson.

Max Colbert: Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Today, I am also joined by Chairman and CEO, Abel Avellan, President Scott Wisniewski, and CFO and Chief Legal Officer, Andy Johnson. Let me refer you to slide 2 of the presentation, which contains our safe harbor disclaimer. During today's call, we may make certain forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions, and as a result, are subject to risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause actual events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements on this call. For more information about these risks and uncertainties, please refer to the Risk Factors section of AST SpaceMobile's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ending 31 December 2025, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and other documents filed by AST SpaceMobile with the SEC from time to time.

Speaker #2: It is now my pleasure to pass this over to Chairman and CEO, Abel Avalon, who will go through our activities since our last public update.

Speaker #2: Let me refer you to slide 2 of the presentation, which contains our Safe Harbor disclaimer. During today's call, we may make certain forward-looking statements.

Speaker #3: Thank you, Max. I our execution in 2026 continue to reinforce what we have believed since we created AST Space Mobile, and invented the space-based cellular broadband market.

Speaker #2: These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions and, as a result, are subject to risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause actual events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements on this call.

Speaker #3: That combining differentiated technology did partnership with leading mobile network operators and scale vertically integration positioned us to define the future of direct-to-device cellular broadband.

Speaker #2: For more information about these risks and uncertainties, please refer to the Risk Factors section of AST SpaceMobile's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2025, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and other documents filed by AST SpaceMobile with the SEC from time to time.

Speaker #3: Our space-based direct-to-device network will be the first of its kind to leverage low-band and mid-band spectrum with broadband speeds. And native cellular application, combining a feature set and technology stack that put us in a category of one.

Max Colbert: Also, after our initial remarks, we will be starting our Q&A section with questions submitted in advance by our shareholders. For those of you who may be new to our company and mission, there are nearly 6 billion mobile phones today around the world, but many of us still experience gaps in coverage as we live, work, and travel. Additionally, there are billions of people without cellular broadband and who remain unconnected to the global economy. The markets we are pursuing at AST SpaceMobile are massive, and the problem we are solving is important and touches nearly all of us. In this backdrop, AST SpaceMobile is building the first and only global cellular broadband network in space to operate directly with everyday unmodified mobile phones, supported by our extensive IP and patent portfolio.

Speaker #3: From the beginning, with this designed our network architecture alongside existing mobile network operators. Not as a replacement of them, rather than requiring operators to rebuild their infrastructure, our architecture and technology stands and complement their existing terrestrial network into space.

Speaker #2: Additionally, there are billions of people without cellular broadband who remain unconnected to the global economy. The markets we are pursuing at AST SpaceMobile are massive, and the problem we are solving is important and touches nearly all of us.

Speaker #3: Allowing us to integrate efficiently while evolving alongside future 3GPP standards. To put this concept simply, we're building the direct-to-device network of the future today.

Speaker #2: In this backdrop, AST SpaceMobile is building the first and only global cellular broadband network in space to operate directly with everyday, unmodified mobile phones, supported by our extensive IP and patent portfolio.

Speaker #3: In partnership with knowing competition with mobile network operators. This new ledger connectivity that we are creating is not just for addressing gaps in terrestrial network, but is to create a seamless connectivity experience wherever you live, work, and travel, anywhere on the planet.

Speaker #2: It is now my pleasure to pass this over to Chairman and CEO Abel Avellan, who will go through our activities since our last public update.

Max Colbert: It is now my pleasure to pass this over to Chairman and CEO, Abel Avellan, who will go through our activities since our last public update.

Speaker #3: Thank you, Max. Our execution in 2026 continues to reinforce what we have believed since we created AST SpaceMobile and invented the space-based cellular broadband market.

Abel Avellan: Thank you, Max. Our execution in 2026 continued to reinforce what we have believed since we created AST SpaceMobile and invented the space-based cellular broadband market. That combining differentiated technology, deep partnerships with leading mobile network operators, and a scale vertical integration position us to define the future of direct-to-device cellular broadband. Our space-based direct-to-device network will be the first of its kind to leverage low-band and mid-band spectrum with broadband speeds and a native cellular application combining a feature set and technology stack that put us in a category of one. From the beginning, we designed our network architecture alongside existing mobile network operators, not as a replacement of them. Rather than requiring operators to rebuild their infrastructure, our architecture and technology extends and complement their existing terrestrial network into space, allowing us to integrate efficiently while evolving alongside future 3GPP standards.

Speaker #3: Spectrum is another area where we believe we have significant competitive advantage. Through a combination of low-band spectrum contributed by our MNO partners and the spectrum we directly control, we're building access to the broadest spectrum portfolio in the industry, with satellite technology capable of tuning 1,150 MHz for low-band and mid-band, and in the future C-band tunable spectrum globally.

Speaker #3: In the United States alone, we are on the path to approximately 100 MHz of a spectrum from a combination of MNO partner provided spectrum and our own access at the spectrum.

Speaker #3: From the beginning, we designed our network architecture alongside existing mobile network operators—not as a replacement for them. Rather than requiring operators to rebuild their infrastructure, our architecture and technology stand to complement their existing terrestrial network into space.

Speaker #3: Which will be a lead that is difficult for others to match. In particular, our combining our over 3,900 patents and patent pending claims intellectual property and a very large phase arrays with our spectrum access.

Speaker #3: Allowing us to integrate efficiently while evolving alongside future 3GPP standards. To put this concept simply, we're building the direct-to-device network of the future today.

Speaker #3: This provides greater network capacity, better coverage, and significant flexibility as demands grow. We are confident that our comprehensive spectrum strategy is the winning one, giving us the tech needed to increase subscriber capacity and bring services to target markets with our partner MNOs.

Abel Avellan: To put this concept simply, we're building the direct-to-device network of the future today, in partnership with, not in competition with mobile network operators. This new layer of connectivity that we are creating is not just for addressing gaps in terrestrial network, but is to create a seamless connectivity experience wherever you live, work, and travel anywhere on the planet. The spectrum is another area where we believe we have significant competitive advantage. Through a combination of low-band spectrum contributed by our MNO partners and the spectrum we directly control, we are building access to the broadest spectrum portfolio in the industry. With satellite technology capable of tuning approximately 1,150 MHz for low-band and mid-band, and in the future, C-band tunable spectrum globally.

Speaker #3: In partnership with not in competition with mobile network operators. This new ledger connectivity that we are creating is not just for addressing gaps in terrestrial network, but is to create a seamless connectivity experience wherever you live, work, and travel, anywhere on the is another area where we believe we have significant competitive advantage.

Speaker #3: Direct-to-device cellular broadband is establishing itself as a new additional connectivity layer. Our differentiated in-orbit technology and scaled direct-to-device cellular broadband network serves as a resilient and reliable source of an additional and new connectivity ledger, serving commercial MNO partners and government agencies alike.

Speaker #3: Through a combination of low-band spectrum contributed by our MNO partners and the spectrum we directly control, we're building access to the broadest spectrum portfolio in the industry, with satellite technology capable of tuning approximately 1,150 megahertz for low-band and mid-band, and in the future C-band tunable spectrum globally.

Speaker #3: Incremental to delivering direct-to-device cellular broadband connectivity, our total addressable market is rapidly expanding. We see several growth opportunities across government communications and non-communications opportunities.

Speaker #3: In the United States alone, we are on the path to approximately 100 megahertz of spectrum from a combination of MNO partner-provided spectrum and our own accessed spectrum.

Abel Avellan: In the United States alone, we are on the path to approximately 100 MHz of spectrum from a combination of MNO partner-provided spectrum and our own access to the spectrum, which will be a lead that is difficult for others to match. In particular, we're combining our over 3,900 patents and patent pending claims intellectual property, and a very large phased arrays with our spectrum access. These provide greater network capacity, better coverage, and significant flexibility as demands grow. We are confident that our comprehensive spectrum strategy is the winning one, giving us the tech needed to increase subscriber capacity and bring services to target markets with our partner MNOs. Direct-to-device cellular broadband is establishing itself as a new additional connectivity layer.

Speaker #3: Including radar, emergency response, Internet of Things, AI edge compute, and other advanced connectivity solutions. We see these markets as beneficiaries of our space-based direct-to-device network.

Speaker #3: Which will be a lead that is difficult for others to match. In particular, combining our over 3,900 patents and patent-pending claims of intellectual property and our very large phased arrays with our spectrum access.

Speaker #3: With recently received an award pending government approvals and final agreements, we long-time partner Rakuten regarding the selection for participation in the low Earth orbit satellite infrastructure development project or GLEO in Japan.

Speaker #3: Designing to address the Japanese and Asian markets. With a total expected value of up to approximately 1 billion US dollars in non-dilutive, non-dead government capital.

Speaker #3: This follow continue work with First Net emergency and first responder networks in the United States, with partner AT&T and recent announcement with multiple government through partners like Vodafone and Rakuten.

Speaker #3: Direct-to-device cellular broadband is establishing itself as a new additional connectivity ledger. Our differentiated in-orbit technology and scaling direct-to-device cellular broadband network serves as a resilient and reliable source of an additional and new connectivity ledger, serving commercial MNO partners and government agencies alike.

Speaker #3: Our partner first strategy positioned us as the partner of choice for direct-to-device cellular broadband among mobile network operators. Our commercial ecosystem is growing with over 60 MNO partners who cover over 3 billion subscribers globally.

Abel Avellan: Our differentiated in-orbit technology and scaling direct-to-device cellular broadband network serves as a resilient and reliable source of an additional and new connectivity layer, serving commercial MNO partners and government agencies alike. Incremental to delivering direct-to-device cellular broadband connectivity, our total addressable market is rapidly expanding. We see several growth opportunity across government communications and non-communications opportunities, including radar, emergency response, Internet of Things, AI edge compute, and other advanced connectivity solutions. We see these markets as beneficiaries of our space-based direct-to-device network. We recently received an award pending government approvals and final agreements with longtime partner Rakuten regarding the selection for participation in the Low Earth Orbit Satellite Infrastructure Development project, or LEOSat, in Japan, designing to address the Japanese and Asian markets with a total expected value of up to approximately $1 billion in non-dilutive, non-debt government capital.

Speaker #3: Including key partners like AT&T, Verizon, Vodafone, Rakuten, STC Group, Bell Canada, and Telus. We are on the cusp of commercial deployment as we prepare to scale our space mobile service to everyday unmodified smartphones.

Speaker #3: Including radar, emergency response, Internet of Things, AI-edge compute, and other advanced connectivity solutions. We see these markets as beneficiaries of our space-based direct-to-device network.

Speaker #3: With certain spacecraft in orbit and approximately 20,000 square feet of combined aperture hardware, and approximately 50 gateways globally, that are in various stages of completion installation and planning, and we prepare for better service with key MNO partners in selected markets globally.

Speaker #3: We recently received an award, pending government approvals and final agreements, with our long-time partner Rakuten regarding the selection for participation in the low Earth orbit satellite infrastructure development project, or GLEO, in Japan.

Speaker #3: In the United States, we had deployed over 3,000 low-band cellular cells with spec to deploy the remaining cells this year to light up the roughly 5,600 cellular cells that cover the United States.

Speaker #3: Designing to address the Japanese and Asian markets. With a total expected value of up to approximately 1 billion US dollars in non-dilutive, non-debt government capital.

Speaker #3: On network deployment, Bluebird 14 to 16 are undergoing final testing as their manufacturing and assembly is nearly completed. The recent launch of Bluebird 11 to 13 demonstrated our ability to rapidly and repeatedly build, launch, and deploy the largest phase array in low orbit, using advanced composite material for lighter and even bigger satellites.

Speaker #3: This follow continue work with First Net Emergency, and first responder networks in the United States, with partner AT&T, and recent announcement with multiple government through partners like Vodafone and Rakuten.

Abel Avellan: This followed continued work with FirstNet Emergency and First Responder networks in the United States with partner AT&T and recent announcement with multiple government through partners like Vodafone and Rakuten. Our partner-first strategy positions us as the partner of choice for direct-to-device cellular broadband among mobile network operators. Our commercial ecosystem is growing with over 60 MNO partners who cover over 3 billion subscribers globally, including key partners like AT&T, Verizon, Vodafone, Rakuten, stc Group, Bell Canada, and Telus. We are on the cusp of commercial deployment, and we prepare to scale our SpaceMobile service to everyday unmodified smartphones. With 7 spacecraft in orbit and approximately 20,000 square feet of combined aperture hardware and approximately 50 gateways globally that are in various stages of completion, installation, and planning, and we prepare for beta service with key MNO partners in selected markets globally.

Speaker #3: Our partner-first strategy positioned us as the partner of choice for direct-to-device cellular broadband among mobile network operators. Our commercial ecosystem is growing, with over 60 MNO partners who cover more than 3 billion subscribers globally.

Speaker #3: Our largest newest fully composite Bluebird satellites are operating as expected, as we prepare them for their communication and non-communication missions for government and MNO applications.

Speaker #3: Including key partners like AT&T, Verizon, Vodafone, Rakuten, STC Group, Bel Canada, and Telus. We are on the cusp of commercial deployment as we prepare to scale our space mobile service to everyday unmodified smartphones.

Speaker #3: Our ASIC chip is now in full production. And we are expecting to nearly double the peak data speed of 98.9 Mbps achieved using our on-orbit Block One Bluebird satellites.

Speaker #3: As a reminder, our ASIC is designed to support up to 10 GHz of processing bandwidth per satellite. Which is nearly 10 times improvement from our in-orbit Block One Bluebird satellites.

Speaker #3: With certain spacecraft in orbit and approximately 20,000 square feet of combined aperture hardware, and approximately 50 gateways globally that are in various stages of completion, installation, and planning, and we prepare for better service with key MNO partners in selected markets globally.

Speaker #3: Over time, with spec further gained of up to additional 10 times, improvement in user experience through AI-enabled spectrum management. Turning to manufacturing, we're in various stages of production and assembly through Bluebird 46.

Speaker #3: In the United States, we have deployed over 3,000 low-band cellular cells with spec to deploy the remaining cells this year to light up the roughly 5,600 cellular cells that cover the United States.

Abel Avellan: In the United States, we have deployed over 3,000 low-band cellular cells. We expect to deploy the remaining cells this year to light up the roughly 5,600 cellular cells that cover the United States. On network deployment, BlueBird 14 to 16 are undergoing final testing as their manufacturing assembly is nearly completed. The recent launch of BlueBird 11 to 13 demonstrate our ability to rapidly and repeatedly build, launch, and deploy the largest phased array in low Earth orbit using advanced composite material for lighter and even bigger satellites. Our largest, newest, fully composite BlueBird satellites are operating as expected, and we prepare them for their communication and non-communication missions for government and MNO applications. Our ASIC chip is now in full production, and we are expecting to nearly double the peak data speed of 98.9 megabits per second achieved using our on-orbit Block 1 BlueBird satellites.

Speaker #3: Which is in line with the number of spacecraft required for continuous coverage in key markets. A detailed cadence of our deployment plan is shown in the accompanying quarterly presentation found on our IR website.

Speaker #3: On network deployment, Bluebird 14 to 16 are undergoing final testing as their manufacturing and assembly is nearly completed. The recent launch of Bluebird 11 to 13 demonstrates our ability to rapidly and repeatedly build, launch, and deploy the largest phase array in low Earth orbits, using advanced composite material for lighter and even bigger satellites.

Speaker #3: We continue to leverage our 95% vertically integrated manufacturing strategy to move at the pace and precision needed to scale a constellation of the largest satellites in LEO.

Speaker #3: At a scale unprecedented in low dead orbits. We currently have over 500,000 square feet of manufacturing and operations space globally, including our dedicated micro production facility to help accelerate satellite production as we ramp up into our target cadence of 6 fully assembled satellites per month.

Speaker #3: Our largest, newest, fully composite BlueBird satellites are operating as expected, and we are preparing them for their communication and non-communication missions for government and MNO applications.

Speaker #3: Our ASIC chip is now in full production, and we are expecting to nearly double the peak data speed of 98.9 megabits per second achieved using our on-orbit Block One BlueBird satellites.

Speaker #3: We recently unveiled plans for additional 400,000 square feet of manufacturing and production space in Midland, Texas. And we prepare to further scale production for United States government and our extended TAM of commercial applications.

Speaker #3: As a reminder, our ASIC is designed to support up to 10 gigahertz of processing bandwidth per satellite, which is nearly a 10 times improvement from our in-orbit Block One BlueBird satellites.

Abel Avellan: As a reminder, our ASIC is designed to support up to 10 GHz of processing bandwidth per satellite, which is nearly 10 times improvement from our in-orbit Block 1 BlueBird satellites. Over time, we expect further gain of up to additional 10 times improvement in user experience through AI-enabled spectrum management. Turning to manufacturing. We are in various stages of production and assembly through BlueBird 46, which is in line with the number of spacecraft required for continuous coverage in key markets. A detailed cadence of our deployment plan is shown in the accompanying quarterly presentation found on our IR website. We continue to leverage our 95% vertically integrated manufacturing strategy to move at the pace and precision needed to scale a constellation of the largest satellites in LEO at a scale unprecedented in low Earth orbits.

Speaker #3: We spread our global manufacturing and operations footprint will exceed 1 million square feet of manufacturing capability, with over 900,000 square feet residing in United States, once completed.

Speaker #3: Over time, with spec further gained of up to an additional 10 times, improvement in user experience through AI-enabled spectrum management. Turning to manufacturing, one in various stages of production and assembly through Bluebird 46.

Speaker #3: We are proud to be manufacturing the largest satellites in LEO here in United States, and in Texas, where bigger is better. In summary, ST Space Mobile is executing across every critical dimension of our business.

Speaker #3: Which is in line with the number of spacecraft required for continuous coverage in key markets. As the tail cadence of our deployment plan is shown in the accompanying quarterly presentation found on our IR website.

Speaker #3: We had expanded our commercial partner ecosystem now with over 60 MNOs partners globally who collectively cover over 3 billion subscribers. Our comprehensive spectrum studies continue to strengthen across our satellite technology capable of tuning to approximately 1,150 MHz of tunable spectrum, with chair MNO spectrum and control MNO spectrum totally in approximately 100 MHz axis in the US and over 60 MHz axis globally.

Speaker #3: We continue to leverage our 95% vertically integrated manufacturing strategy to move at the pace and precision needed to scale a constellation of the largest satellites in LEO.

Speaker #3: At a scale unprecedented in low Earth orbits. We currently have over 500,000 square feet of manufacturing and operations space globally, including our dedicated macro production facility to help accelerate satellite production as we ramp up into our target cadence of six fully assembled satellites per month.

Abel Avellan: We currently have over 500,000 square feet of manufacturing and operations space globally, including our dedicated macro production facility to help accelerate satellite production as we ramp up into our target cadence of 6 fully assembled satellites per month. We recently unveiled plan for additional 400,000 square feet of manufacturing and production space in Midland, Texas, as we prepare to further scale production for United States government and our extended TAM of commercial applications. We expect our global manufacturing and operations footprint will exceed 1 million square feet of manufacturing capability, with over 900,000 square feet residing in the United States once completed. We are proud to be manufacturing the largest satellites in LEO here in the United States and in Texas, where bigger is better. In summary, AST SpaceMobile is executing across every critical dimension of our business.

Speaker #3: As an early indicator of success from our standing total addressable market of opportunities, we increase our revenue backlog to approximately 1.3 billion in aggregated contracted revenue.

Speaker #3: With our recently unveiled plan for an additional 400,000 square feet of manufacturing and production space in Midland, Texas, we are preparing to further scale production for the United States government and our extended TAM of commercial applications.

Speaker #3: Agreement with partners and contracts award with the US government. These opportunities are supported by our robust balance sheet of more than 3.7 billion, making us well positioned to lead the commercialization of the space-based cellular broadband and create a significant long-term value for our shareholders.

Speaker #3: With Better, our global manufacturing and operations footprint will exceed 1 million square feet of manufacturing capability, with over 900,000 square feet residing in the United States once completed.

Speaker #3: And with that, I will hand it over to Scott.

Speaker #1: Thank you, Abel. Since our last investor update call, AST Space Mobile has continued to make great progress in our commercialization efforts. I would like to take you through some of that progress across our MNO and government customers and put in context the business opportunity ahead of us, which only continues to increase at breathtaking speed.

Speaker #3: We are proud to be manufacturing the largest satellites in LEO here in the United States, and in Texas, where bigger is better. In summary, AST SpaceMobile is executing across every critical dimension of our business.

Speaker #3: We had expanded our commercial partner ecosystem now with over 60 MNOs partners globally who collectively cover over 3 billion subscribers. Our comprehensive spectrum studies continue to strengthen across our satellite technology capable of tuning to approximately 1,150 megahertz of tunable spectrum, with chair MNO spectrum and control MNO spectrum totally, totally in approximately 100 megahertz axis in the US and over 60 megahertz axis globally.

Abel Avellan: We have expanded our commercial partner ecosystem now with over 60 MNO partners globally who collectively cover over 3 billion subscribers. Our comprehensive spectrum status continue to strengthen across our satellite technology, capable of tuning to approximately 1,150 MHz of tunable spectrum. We share MNO spectrum and control MNO spectrum totaling approximately 100 MHz of access in the US and over 60 MHz access globally. As an early indicator of success from our expanding total addressable market of opportunities, we increased our revenue backlog to approximately $1.3 billion in aggregated contracted revenue. Agreement with partners and contracts award with the US government. These opportunities are supported by our robust balance sheet of more than $3.7 billion, making us well-positioned to lead the commercialization of the space-based cellular broadband and create a significant long-term value for our shareholders. I will hand it over to Scott.

Speaker #1: In the commercial ecosystem, we are viewed as the partner of choice for directed device with mobile network operators, as evidenced by the ecosystem we have built, with now over 60 MNO partners globally who collectively cover over 3 billion subscribers.

Speaker #1: Network deployment in key markets with strategic partners is well underway, and our challenge is how to balance deployment of our cellular broadband service into the next set of markets, beyond the US, Canada, Europe, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and the US government.

Speaker #3: As an early indicator of success from our standing total address from market of opportunities, we increase our revenue backlog to approximately 1.3 billion in aggregated contracted revenue.

Speaker #1: We are balancing this today with active engagement with more than 20 mobile network operators across over 50 country markets. We are developing these markets together with our partners, with an increasingly scaled and programmatic effort, with services that are designed to be turned on as Bluebirds come online.

Speaker #1: These efforts are going to manifest themselves not only in more market announcements with our partners, but also importantly progress in the delivery and setup of about 50 gateways across 20 markets.

Speaker #1: In fact, in Europe, you're already starting to see this infrastructure in action, as we recently announced network integration and testing activities across several European countries with Vodafone, Orange, Telefónica, Vodafone Ukraine, and Deutsche Telekom.

Speaker #3: And with that, I will hand it over to Scott.

Speaker #2: Thank you, Abel. Since our last investor update call, AST SpaceMobile has continued to make great progress in our commercialization efforts. I would like to take you through some of that progress across our MNO and government customers and put in context the business opportunity ahead of us, which only continues to increase at breathtaking speed.

Scott Wisniewski: Thank you, Abel. Since our last investor update call, AST SpaceMobile has continued to make great progress in our commercialization efforts. I would like to take you through some of that progress across our MNO and government customers and put in context the business opportunity ahead of us, which only continues to increase at breathtaking speed. In the commercial ecosystem, we are viewed as the partner of choice for direct-to-device with mobile network operators, as evidenced by the ecosystem we have built with now over 60 MNO partners globally who collectively cover over 3 billion subscribers. Network deployment in key markets with strategic partners is well underway, and our challenge is how to balance deployment of our cellular broadband service into the next set of markets beyond the US, Canada, Europe, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and the US government.

Speaker #1: Meanwhile, the regulatory backdrop also continues to support our commercialization efforts and provide a window into how we expect the business to develop. While the US was an early leader on the regulatory front with full commercial service approvals delivered earlier this year, we are seeing good progress internationally in the UK, Japan, Brazil, and other countries.

Speaker #2: In the commercial ecosystem, we are viewed as the partner of choice for directed device with mobile network operators, as evidenced by the ecosystem we have built, with now over 60 MNO partners globally who collectively cover over 3 billion subscribers.

Speaker #1: Meanwhile, we have seen multiple countries provide commercial authorization to use our MSS spectrum assets, specifically in the S band outside the United States. Altogether, these are strong signs of scaling our global cellular broadband network.

Speaker #2: Network deployment in key markets with strategic partners is well underway, and our challenge is how to balance deployment of our cellular broadband service into the next set of markets, beyond the US, Canada, Europe, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and the US government.

Speaker #1: More spectrum lanes of traffic for our network means more subscribers and better services when paired with our unique technology. Meanwhile, the US government customer has been a major focus for us, and we see great progress this quarter, both in terms of revenue capture and building the backlog.

Speaker #2: We are balancing this today—20 mobile network operators across over 50 country markets. We are developing these markets together with our partners with an increasingly scaled and programmatic effort, with services that are designed to be turned on as Bluebirds come online.

Scott Wisniewski: We are balancing this today with active engagement with more than 20 mobile network operators across over 50 country markets. We are developing these markets together with our partners with an increasingly scaled and programmatic effort with services that are designed to be turned on as BlueBirds come online. These efforts are going to manifest themselves not only in more market announcements with our partners, but also importantly, progress in the delivery and setup of about 50 gateways across 20 markets. In fact, in Europe, you are already starting to see this infrastructure in action, as we recently announced network integration and testing activities across several European countries with Vodafone, Orange, Telefónica, Vodafone Ukraine, and Deutsche Telekom. Meanwhile, the regulatory backdrop also continues to support our commercialization efforts and provide a window into how we expect the business to develop.

Speaker #1: We drove revenue against several existing contracts and received three new contract awards. Our US government partners view our in-orbit technology as unique, strategic, innovative, and flexible with communications and non-communications capabilities.

Speaker #2: These efforts are going to manifest themselves not only in more market announcements with our partners but also, importantly, in progress in the delivery and setup of about 50 gateways across 20 markets.

Speaker #2: In fact, in Europe, you're already starting to see this infrastructure in action, as we recently announced network integration and testing activities across several European countries with Vodafone, Orange, Telefónica, Vodafone Ukraine, and Deutsche Telekom.

Speaker #1: We have foreshadowed the trend of small development contracts becoming larger contracts ahead of still larger operationalization of the capabilities through programs of record. Today, you can see that trend as we are announcing three new contract awards with funded near-term value of over 100 million dollars in total, expected during 2026 and 2027.

Speaker #2: Meanwhile, the regulatory backdrop also continues to support our commercialization efforts and provide a window into how we expect the business to develop. While the US was an early leader on the regulatory front, with full commercial service approvals delivered earlier this year, we are seeing good progress internationally in the UK, Japan, Brazil, and other countries.

Speaker #1: We plan to talk more about these awards publicly soon, but they represent near-term capabilities that have been in development with the US Department of War for years, and leverage our unique in-orbit technology to solve large strategic needs.

Scott Wisniewski: While the US was an early leader on the regulatory front with full commercial service approvals delivered earlier this year, we are seeing good progress internationally in the UK, Japan, Brazil, and other countries. Meanwhile, we have seen multiple countries provide commercial authorization to use our MSS spectrum assets, specifically in the S-band outside the United States. Altogether, these are strong signs of scaling our global cellular broadband network. More spectrum lanes of traffic for our network means more subscribers and better services when paired with our unique technology. Meanwhile, the US government customer has been a major focus for us, and we see great progress this quarter, both in terms of revenue capture and building the backlog. We drove revenue against several existing contracts and received three new contract awards. Our US government partners view our in-orbit technology as unique, strategic, innovative, and flexible with communications and non-communications capabilities.

Speaker #2: Meanwhile, we have seen multiple countries provide commercial authorization to use our MSS spectrum assets, specifically in the S-band outside the United States. Altogether, these are strong signs of scaling our global cellular broadband network.

Speaker #1: In general, the backdrop and size of the Golden Dome opportunity coupled with the arsenal of freedom initiative remains very strong for companies that have unique capabilities that can be deployed in the near term and can move fast.

Speaker #1: Now, taking a step back, I want to take a moment to discuss the large addressable markets for the company beyond direct advice. We see the opportunity to leverage our unique platform that we have created to dramatically expand the company's total addressable market, leveraging our differentiated technology, deep intellectual property portfolio, vertically integrated manufacturing, and, of course, the comprehensive spectrum strategy.

Speaker #2: More spectrum lanes of traffic for our network means more subscribers and better services when paired with our unique technology. Meanwhile, the U.S. government customer has been a major focus for us, and we see great progress this quarter, both in terms of revenue capture and building the backlog.

Speaker #2: We drove revenue against several existing contracts and received three new contract awards. Our U.S. government partners view our in-orbit technology as unique, strategic, innovative, and flexible, with both communications and non-communications capabilities.

Speaker #1: In part, this is now possible because of maturity of the business and our fortified balance sheet, utilizing the same spacecraft design and ground-based gateways that were already scaling today.

Speaker #2: We have foreshadowed the trend of small development contracts becoming larger contracts ahead of still larger operationalization of the capabilities through programs of record. Today, you can see that trend as we are announcing three new contract awards with funded near-term value of over 100 million dollars in total, expected during 2026 and 2027.

Scott Wisniewski: We have foreshadowed the trend of small development contracts becoming larger contracts ahead of still larger operationalization of the capabilities through programs of record. Today, you can see that trend as we are announcing three new contract awards with funded near-term value of over $100 million in total, expected during 2026 and 2027. We plan to talk more about these awards publicly soon, but they represent near-term capabilities that have been in development with the US Department of Defense for years and leverage our unique in-orbit technology to solve large strategic needs. In general, the backdrop and size of the Golden Dome opportunity, coupled with the Arsenal of Democracy Initiative, remains very strong for companies that have unique capabilities that can be deployed in the near term and can move fast.

Speaker #1: We believe each of these new additional end markets could ultimately become multi-billion dollar annual plus revenue opportunities for AST Space Mobile. In the government and defense market, firstly, we've seen early traction around non-communications, including radar.

Speaker #1: Our spacecraft are uniquely positioned to provide some of these services, given the size of the array aperture, the frequencies we serve, and our ability to deploy quickly a global capability for an order of magnitude lower cost than historically possible.

Speaker #2: We plan to talk more about these awards publicly soon, but they represent near-term capabilities that have been in development with the U.S. Department of War for years, and leverage our unique in-orbit technology to solve large strategic needs.

Speaker #1: This application is a majority of our US government revenue to date. Secondly, and this will sound familiar, we have the ability to provide secure communications directly to low-profile, low-power devices.

Speaker #2: In general, the backdrop and size of the Golden Dome opportunity, coupled with the Arsenal of Freedom initiative, remains very strong for companies that have unique capabilities which can be deployed in the near term and can move fast.

Speaker #1: This means regular 3GPP devices, but also custom-designed handsets, existing radios, headsets, wearables, and drones. This will be with a technology that is already showing broadband speeds over 100 megabits per second to extremely low-profile and sized devices.

Speaker #2: Now, taking a step back, I want to take a moment to discuss the large addressable markets for the company beyond direct advice. We see the opportunity to leverage our unique platform that we have created to dramatically expand the company's total addressable market, leveraging our differentiated technology, deep intellectual property portfolio, vertically integrated manufacturing, and, of course, the comprehensive spectrum strategy.

Scott Wisniewski: Now, taking a step back, I want to take a moment to discuss the large addressable markets for the company beyond direct-to-device. We see the opportunity to leverage our unique platform that we have created to dramatically expand the company's total addressable market, leveraging our differentiated technology, deep intellectual property portfolio, vertically integrated manufacturing, and of course, the comprehensive spectrum strategy. In part, this is now possible because of the maturity of the business and our fortified balance sheet, utilizing the same spacecraft design and ground-based gateways that we are already scaling today. We believe each of these new additional end markets could ultimately become multibillion-dollar annual plus revenue opportunities for AST SpaceMobile. In the government and defense market, firstly, we have seen early traction around non-communications, including radar.

Speaker #1: These applications will be new to the warfire warfighter and greatly simplify and improve communications for them in the years to come. Each of these capabilities can be served with the same in-orbit network of AST Space Mobile spacecraft, a combined capability that addresses the strategic needs of the US government customer for decades to come.

Speaker #2: In part, this is now possible because of maturity of the business and our fortified balance sheet, utilizing the same spacecraft design and ground-based gateways that were already scaling today.

Speaker #1: And apart from defense, we also see a few more funded comms opportunities. First, we are seeing a trend with large countries or regional bodies looking to replicate owned in-orbit resilient communications.

Speaker #2: We believe each of these new, additional end markets could ultimately become multi-billion-dollar annual revenue opportunities for AST SpaceMobile. In the government and defense market, firstly, we've seen early traction around non-communications, including radar.

Speaker #1: This is born from a desire to have increased operational control of communications over their territory. Given the AST Space Mobile architecture of landing traffic in-country, we are uniquely positioned to serve this need and to add additional layers for this demand.

Speaker #2: Our spacecraft are uniquely positioned to provide some of these services, given the size of the array aperture, the frequencies we serve, and our ability to quickly deploy a global capability at an order of magnitude lower cost than historically possible.

Scott Wisniewski: Our spacecraft are uniquely positioned to provide some of these services, given the size of the array aperture, the frequencies we serve, and our ability to deploy quickly a global capability for an order-of-magnitude lower cost than historically possible. This application is a majority of our US government revenue to date. Secondly, and this will sound familiar, we have the ability to provide secure communications directly to low-profile, low-power devices. This means regular 3GPP devices, but also custom-designed handsets, existing radios, headsets, wearables, and drones. This will be with a technology that is already showing broadband speeds over 100 megabits per second to extremely low profile and sized devices. These applications will be new to the war fighter and greatly simplify and improve communications for them in the years to come.

Speaker #1: With the Japan JLEO preliminary award falling into this category. Second, federal emergency and backup is another market taking shape, which you can see from our announcement with Vodafone Ireland, but it is been long planned both in the US with FirstNet and in Japan.

Speaker #2: This application is a majority of our US government revenue today. Secondly, and this will sound familiar, we have the ability to provide secure communications directly to low-profile, low-power devices.

Speaker #1: The 700 megahertz band in particular is viewed as a federal resiliency frequency and thus as an attractive match for our network. This capability could be used broadly for first responders and also as a large-scale backup during periods of network outage, with Spain and Australia offering some notable recent outages that are driving political need for action.

Speaker #2: This means regular 3GPP devices, but also custom-designed handsets, existing radios, headsets, wearables, and drones. This will be with a technology that is already showing broadband speeds over 100 megabits per second to extremely low-profile and sized devices.

Speaker #2: These applications will be new to the warfire warfighter and greatly simplify and improve communications for them in the years to come. Each of these capabilities can be served with the same in-orbit network of AST SpaceMobile spacecraft, a combined capability that addresses the strategic needs of the US government customer for decades to come.

Speaker #1: Thirdly, IoT or Internet of Things is an attractive market for cellular and satellite operators. Which positions us well to provide a unified service across both broadband and narrowband applications.

Scott Wisniewski: Each of these capabilities can be served with the same in-orbit network of AST SpaceMobile spacecraft, a combined capability that addresses the strategic needs of the US government customer for decades to come. Apart from defense, we also see a few more funded comms opportunities. First, we are seeing a trend with large countries or regional bodies looking to replicate owned, in-orbit, resilient communications. This is born from a desire to have increased operational control of communications over their territory. Given the AST SpaceMobile architecture of landing traffic in country, we are uniquely positioned to serve this need and to add additional layers for this demand, with the Japan JLEO preliminary award falling into this category.

Speaker #1: With our controlled MSS frequencies combined with extremely low-cost devices, this is another attractive use of our existing in-orbit network. One final network I wanted to highlight today is space-based AI edge compute.

Speaker #2: And apart from defense, we also see a few more funded comms opportunities. First, we are seeing a trend with large countries or regional bodies looking to replicate owned in-orbit resilient communications.

Speaker #1: As companies are starting to think about how to service this market in a big way, one of the key elements is the ability to deploy and control large structures in space, which is what we do.

Speaker #2: This is born from a desire to have increased operational control of communications over their territory. Given the AST SpaceMobile architecture of landing traffic in-country, we are uniquely positioned to serve this need and to add additional layers for this demand.

Speaker #1: This is significant power to orbit at meaningful scale and with competitive costs. This provides clear cost and scale advantages for supplying power and compute in space.

Speaker #2: With the Japan JLEO preliminary award falling into this category. Second, federal emergency and backup is another market taking shape, which you can see from our announcement with Vodafone Ireland, but it is been long planned both in the US with FirstNet and in Japan.

Speaker #1: What you will see from us in the near term is stretching from a bent pipe network and building additional edge computing capabilities valuable to those networks.

Scott Wisniewski: Second, federal emergency and backup is another market taking shape, which you can see from our announcement with Vodafone Ireland, but it has been long planned both in the US with FirstNet and in Japan. The 700 MHz band in particular is viewed as a federal resiliency frequency, and thus is an attractive match for our network. This capability could be used broadly for first responders, and also as a large-scale backup during periods of network outage, with Spain and Australia offering some notable recent outages that are driving political need for action. Thirdly, IoT, or Internet of Things, is an attractive market for cellular and satellite operators, which positions us well to provide a unified service across both broadband and narrowband applications. With our controlled MSS frequencies, combined with extremely low-cost devices, this is another attractive use of our existing in-orbit network.

Speaker #1: In total, all of these markets represent an expansion of our incredibly strong core directed device total addressable market into new large markets, primarily on a funded basis, leveraging the incredible platform we have built.

Speaker #2: The 700 megahertz band in particular is viewed as a federal resiliency frequency and thus as an attractive match for our network. This capability could be used broadly for first responders and also as a large-scale backup during periods of network outage, with Spain and Australia offering some notable recent outages that are driving political need for action.

Speaker #1: Closing out with a quick discussion on Q2 revenue, we achieved over 30 million in revenue during the quarter, more than doubling our Q1 revenue.

Speaker #1: This was driven by a combination of milestone achievements, under our US government contracts, and commercial infrastructure for our mobile network operator partners. Our commercial and government efforts to date serve as important milestones in our roadmap to much larger opportunities.

Speaker #2: Thirdly, IoT, or Internet of Things, is an attractive market for cellular and satellite operators, which positions us well to provide a unified service across both broadband and narrowband applications.

Speaker #1: Each with potentially billions of dollars in revenue per year, as we scale our business. In Q2 specifically, we delivered against 13 gateways to 7 customers across 5 continents.

Speaker #2: With our controlled MSS frequencies combined with extremely low-cost devices, this is another attractive use of our existing in-orbit network. One final network I wanted to highlight today is space-based AI edge compute.

Speaker #1: And we remain confident in our ability to achieve our full year 2026 revenue goals and are reiterating our guidance of 150 to 200 million.

Scott Wisniewski: One final network I wanted to highlight today is space-based AI edge compute. As companies are starting to think about how to service this market in a big way, one of the key elements is the ability to deploy and control large structures in space, which is what we do. This is significant power to orbit at meaningful scale and with competitive costs. This provides clear cost and scale advantages for supplying power and compute in space. What you will see from us in the near term is stretching from a bent pipe network and building additional edge computing capabilities valuable to those networks. In total, all of these markets represent an expansion of our incredibly strong core direct-to-device total addressable market into new large markets, primarily on a funded basis, leveraging the incredible platform we have built.

Speaker #2: As companies are starting to think about how to service this market in a big way, one of the key elements is the ability to deploy and control large structures in space, which is what we do.

Speaker #1: Supported by contracted programs already underway, together with our existing commercial and government pipeline. Altogether, we're very pleased with the progress we've made across the business.

Speaker #2: This is significant power to orbit at a meaningful scale and with competitive cost. This provides clear cost and scale advantages for supplying power and compute in space.

Speaker #1: Commercial readiness continues to advance, government demand continues to expand, our deployment roadmap remains on track, and our operational capabilities continue to scale. These milestones reinforce our confidence as we prepare for commercial service and position AST Space Mobile for meaningful long-term growth.

Speaker #2: What you will see from us in the near term is stretching from a bent pipe network and building additional edge computing capabilities valuable to those networks.

Speaker #2: In total, all of these markets represent an expansion of our incredibly strong core directed device total addressable market into new large markets, primarily on a funded basis, leveraging the incredible platform we have built.

Speaker #1: I am now happy to pass the call over to Andy to walk through our financial update.

Speaker #2: Thanks, Scott, and good afternoon, everyone. During the second quarter of 2026, we maintained focus by further fortifying our capital position, executing on our commercial objectives, accelerating our manufacturing cadence, leveraging our growing footprint in Texas and beyond, and expanding our total addressable market, or TAM, for additional applications, including US government secure communications and non-communications, radar, emergency response, Internet of Things, AI edge compute, and other advanced connectivity applications.

Speaker #2: Closing out with a quick discussion on Q2 revenue, we achieved over $30 million in revenue during the quarter, more than doubling our Q1 revenue.

Scott Wisniewski: Closing out with a quick discussion on Q2 revenue, we achieved over $30 million in revenue during the quarter, more than doubling our Q1 revenue. This was driven by a combination of milestone achievements under our US government contracts and commercial infrastructure for our mobile network operator partners. Our commercial and government efforts to date serve as important milestones in our roadmap to much larger opportunities, each with potentially billions of USD in revenue per year as we scale our business. In Q2 specifically, we delivered against 13 gateways to seven customers across five continents. We remain confident in our ability to achieve our full year 2026 revenue goals and are reiterating our guidance of $150 to $200 million, supported by contracted programs already underway, together with our existing commercial and government pipeline. Altogether, we are very pleased with the progress we have made across the business.

Speaker #2: This was driven by a combination of milestone achievements under our U.S. government contracts, and commercial infrastructure for our mobile network operator partners. Our commercial and government efforts to date serve as important milestones in our roadmap to much larger opportunities.

Speaker #2: Each with potentially billions of dollars in revenue per year, as we scale our business. In Q2 specifically, we delivered against 13 gateways to 7 customers across 5 continents.

Speaker #2: Revenue in Q2 came in consistent with our internal plans. As I've previously noted, we expect revenue to build sequentially each quarter during 2026, with contributions from both commercial revenue primarily gateway sales revenue and US government contracts.

Speaker #2: And we remain confident in our ability to achieve our full year 2026 revenue goals, reiterating our guidance of $150 to $200 million.

Speaker #2: Supported by contracted programs already underway, together with our existing commercial and government pipeline. Altogether, we're very pleased with the progress we've made across the business.

Speaker #2: I am pleased to confirm that we remain on track to meet our full year 2026 revenue guidance of 150 to 200 million dollars. With respect to manufacturing, Bluebird's 14 to 16 are ready to ship shortly, while Bluebird's 17 through Bluebird 46 are in various stages of production and assembly as we continue scaling our production capabilities, building the largest phased arrays in low Earth orbit.

Speaker #2: Commercial readiness continues to advance, government demand continues to expand, our deployment roadmap remains on track, and our operational capabilities continue to scale. These milestones reinforce our confidence as we prepare for commercial service and position AST SpaceMobile for meaningful long-term growth.

Scott Wisniewski: Commercial readiness continues to advance, government demand continues to expand, our deployment roadmap remains on track, and our operational capabilities continue to scale. These milestones reinforce our confidence as we prepare for commercial service and position AST SpaceMobile for meaningful long-term growth. I am now happy to pass the call over to Andy to walk through our financial update.

Speaker #2: I am now happy to pass the call over to Andy to walk through our financial update.

Speaker #2: Our manufacturing progress positions us well to support our current network deployment plan, targeting approximately 45 Bluebird satellites in orbit by early 2027. The strength of our balance sheet further bolstered with last month's convertible debt offering, positions us not only to complete the full build-out and launch of a constellation of over 100 Bluebird satellites to provide worldwide space mobile service, and deploy our controlled spectrum bands on a global basis, but also to pursue an expanding universe of growth initiatives and secure additional access to orbit for our space-based cellular broadband network, including partnerships and/or acquisitions to further vertically integrate our business and mitigate risks associated with third-party launch providers.

Speaker #1: Thanks, Scott, and good afternoon, everyone. During the second quarter of 2026, we maintained focus by further fortifying our capital position, executing on our commercial objectives, accelerating our manufacturing cadence, leveraging our growing footprint in Texas and beyond, and expanding our total addressable market, or TAM, for additional applications, including US government secure communications and non-communications, radar, emergency response, Internet of Things, AI edge compute, and other advanced connectivity applications.

Andrew Johnson: Thanks, Scott, and good afternoon, everyone. During Q2 2026, we maintained focus by further fortifying our capital position, executing on our commercial objectives, accelerating our manufacturing cadence, leveraging our growing footprint in Texas and beyond, and expanding our total addressable market, or TAM, for additional applications, including US government secure communications and non-communications, radar, emergency response, Internet of Things, AI edge compute, and other advanced connectivity applications. Revenue in Q2 came in consistent with our internal plans. As I've previously noted, we expect revenue to build sequentially each quarter during 2026, with contributions from both commercial revenue, primarily gateway sales revenue, and US government contracts. I am pleased to confirm that we remain on track to meet our full year 2026 revenue guidance of $150 million to $200 million.

Speaker #1: Revenue in Q2 came in consistent with our internal plans. As I've previously noted, we expect revenue to build sequentially each quarter during 2026, with contributions from both commercial revenue—primarily gateway sales revenue—and U.S. government contracts.

Speaker #2: Our intentional focus on investing in the growth of our operations led to higher adjusted operating expenses in Q2 2026 as compared to Q1, consistent with our expectations as previously communicated during our first quarter 2026 earnings call in May.

Speaker #1: I am pleased to confirm that we remain on track to meet our full-year 2026 revenue guidance of $150 to $200 million. With respect to manufacturing, BlueBirds 14 to 16 are ready to ship shortly, while BlueBirds 17 through 46 are in various stages of production and assembly as we continue scaling our production capabilities, building the largest phased arrays in low Earth orbit.

Andrew Johnson: With respect to manufacturing, BlueBird 14 to 16 are ready to ship shortly, while BlueBird 17 through BlueBird 46 are in various stages of production and assembly as we continue scaling our production capabilities, building the largest phased arrays in low Earth orbit. Our manufacturing progress positions us well to support our current network deployment plan, targeting approximately 45 BlueBird satellites in orbit by early 2027.

Speaker #2: Now, moving to the operating and capital metrics slide, let's review the key metrics for the second quarter in a bit more detail. On the first chart, for the second quarter of 2026, we incurred non-GAAP adjusted operating expenses of 119.1 million dollars versus 91.2 million dollars in the first quarter.

Speaker #1: Our manufacturing progress positions us well to support our current network deployment plan, targeting approximately 45 Bluebird satellites in orbit by early 2027. The strength of our balance sheet further bolstered with last month's convertible debt offering, positions us not only to complete the full build-out and launch of a constellation of over 100 Bluebird satellites to provide worldwide space mobile service, and deploy our controlled spectrum bands on a global basis, but also to pursue an expanding universe of growth initiatives in secure additional access to orbit for our space-based cellular broadband network, including partnerships and/or acquisitions to further vertically integrate our business and mitigate risks associated with third-party launch providers.

Speaker #2: Non-GAAP adjusted operating expenses exclude non-cash operating costs and insurance proceeds in connection with our Bluebird 7 loss. The quarter-over-quarter increase of 27.9 million dollars resulted primarily from an 11.9 million dollar increase in adjusted cost of revenues due to higher revenue in the quarter.

Andrew Johnson: The strength of our balance sheet, further bolstered with last month's convertible debt offering, positions us not only to complete the full build-out and launch of a constellation of over 100 BlueBird satellites to provide worldwide SpaceMobile service and deploy our controlled spectrum bands on a global basis, but also to pursue an expanding universe of growth initiatives and secure additional access to orbit for our space-based cellular broadband network, including partnerships and/or acquisitions to further vertically integrate our business and mitigate risks associated with third-party launch providers. Our intentional focus on investing in the growth of our operations led to higher adjusted operating expenses in Q2 2026 as compared to Q1, consistent with our expectations as previously communicated during our Q1 2026 earnings call in May.

Speaker #2: Together, with a 12.3 million dollar increase in adjusted engineering service costs, a 3.1 million dollar increase in adjusted general and administrative costs, and a $600,000 increase in R&D costs.

Speaker #2: Our Q2 2026 adjusted operating expenses excluding adjusted cost of revenues were 95.9 million dollars compared to 79.8 million dollars in Q1 of 2026. This amount was near the high end of the 85 to 95 million dollar guidance for Q2 adjusted operating expenses that I previously provided.

Speaker #1: Our intentional focus on investing in the growth of our operations led to higher adjusted operating expenses in Q2 2026 as compared to Q1, consistent with our expectations as previously communicated during our first quarter 2026 earnings call in May.

Speaker #1: Now, moving to the operating and capital metrics slide, let's review the key metrics for the second quarter in a bit more detail. On the first chart, for the second quarter of 2026, we incurred non-GAAP adjusted operating expenses of $119.1 million versus $91.2 million in the first quarter.

Andrew Johnson: Now moving to the operating and capital metrics slide, let's review the key metrics for Q2 in a bit more detail. On the first chart, for Q2 2026, we incurred non-GAAP adjusted operating expenses of $119.1 million versus $91.2 million in Q1. Non-GAAP adjusted operating expenses exclude non-cash operating costs and insurance proceeds in connection with our BlueBird 7 loss. The quarter-over-quarter increase of $27.9 million resulted primarily from an $11.9 million increase in adjusted cost of revenues due to higher revenue in the quarter, together with a $12.3 million increase in adjusted engineering service costs, a $3.1 million increase in adjusted general and administrative costs, and a $600,000 increase in R&D costs. Our Q2 2026 adjusted operating expenses, excluding adjusted cost of revenues, were $95.9 million, compared to $79.8 million in Q1 2026.

Speaker #2: The primary drivers of the increase versus the prior quarter were growth in our workforce, including contractors and consultants, our expanded production facilities, other professional fees, and critical investments relating to artificial intelligence.

Speaker #2: Turning towards the second chart on this slide, our capital expenditures for the second quarter of 2026 were approximately $610 million dollars versus approximately $257 million dollars for the first quarter.

Speaker #1: Non-GAAP adjusted operating expenses exclude non-cash operating costs and insurance proceeds in connection with our Bluebird 7 loss. The quarter-over-quarter increase of $27.9 million resulted primarily from an $11.9 million increase in adjusted cost of revenues due to higher revenue in the quarter.

Speaker #2: This figure was made up primarily of payments made in connection with multiple launch contracts, capitalized direct materials and labor for our Bluebird satellites, with the balance relating to facility and production equipment expenditures.

Speaker #2: This amount for the quarter was just below the midpoint of the guidance of $575 to $650 million dollars that I provided during our last earnings call, which assumed a significant launch payment in Q2 that was originally scheduled to be paid in the first quarter.

Speaker #1: Together, with a $12.3 million increase in adjusted engineering service costs, a $3.1 million increase in adjusted general and administrative costs, and a $600,000 increase in R&D costs.

Speaker #1: Our Q2 2026 adjusted operating expenses excluding adjusted cost of revenues were 95.9 million dollars compared to 79.8 million dollars in Q1 of 2026. This amount was near the high end of the 85 to 95 million dollar guidance for Q2 adjusted operating expenses that I previously provided.

Speaker #2: For the third quarter of 2026, we estimate that our adjusted operating expenses excluding adjusted cost of revenues will increase to the range of approximately $105 to $115 million dollars as we continue to absorb the full quarter of cost of our expanded workforce and continue growing talent across our organization to scale our efforts to address our expanding TAM, as well as pursue the monetization of our L&S band spectrum usage rights.

Andrew Johnson: This amount was near the high end of the $85 to $95 million guidance for Q2 adjusted operating expenses that I previously provided. The primary drivers of the increase versus the prior quarter were growth in our workforce, including contractors and consultants, our expanded production facilities, other professional fees, and critical investments relating to artificial intelligence. Turning towards the second chart on this slide, our CapEx for Q2 2026 were approximately $610 million versus approximately $257 million for Q1. This figure was made up primarily of payments made in connection with multiple launch contracts, capitalized direct materials and labor for our BlueBird satellites, with the balance relating to facility and production equipment expenditures.

Speaker #1: The primary drivers of the increase versus the prior quarter were growth in our workforce, including contractors and consultants, our expanded production facilities, other professional fees, and critical investments relating to artificial intelligence.

Speaker #2: For the full year of 2026, we expect adjusted opex excluding adjusted cost of revenues to average approximately $100 million dollars per quarter or $400 million dollars total for the year.

Speaker #1: Turning towards the second chart on this slide, our capital expenditures for the second quarter of 2026 were approximately $610 million, versus approximately $257 million for the first quarter.

Speaker #2: Consistent with average quarterly capex spend during the first half of 2026, we expect our capital expenditures in Q3 of 2026 to be in the range of approximately $350 to $425 million dollars, primarily driven by the timing of launch payments which, as I've previously explained, and evidenced by the first half of this year, do vary from quarter to quarter.

Speaker #1: This figure was made up primarily of payments made in connection with multiple launch contracts, capitalized direct materials and labor for our Bluebird satellites, with the balance relating to facility and production equipment expenditures.

Speaker #1: This amount for the quarter was just below the midpoint of the guidance of $575 to $650 million that I provided during our last earnings call, which assumed a significant launch payment in Q2 that was originally scheduled to be paid in the first quarter.

Andrew Johnson: This amount for the quarter was just below the midpoint of the guidance of $575 to $650 million that I provided during our last earnings call, which assumed a significant launch payment in Q2 that was originally scheduled to be paid in Q1. For Q3 2026, we estimate that our adjusted operating expenses, excluding adjusted cost of revenues, will increase to the range of approximately $105 to $115 million as we continue to absorb the full quarter of cost of our expanded workforce and continue growing talent across our organization to scale our efforts to address our expanding TAM, as well as pursue the monetization of our L and S band spectrum usage rights. For the full year of 2026, we expect adjusted OpEx, excluding adjusted cost of revenues, to average approximately $100 million per quarter or $400 million total for the year.

Speaker #2: Importantly, our continued spend on growth-related capex reflects our increasing satellite production and our active orbital launch plans. We continue to estimate that the average capital costs, including direct materials and launch costs for our constellation of over 90 Bluebird satellites, will fall in the range of approximately $21 to $23 million dollars per satellite, excluding certain initial satellites that are used to validate performance and operations.

Speaker #1: For the third quarter of 2026, we estimate that our adjusted operating expenses, excluding adjusted cost of revenues, will increase to the range of approximately $105 to $115 million as we continue to absorb the full quarter of cost of our expanded workforce and continue growing talent across our organization to scale our efforts to address our expanding TAM, as well as pursue the monetization of our L&S band spectrum usage rights.

Speaker #2: Our cost per satellite estimates are subject to fluctuations based on dynamic geopolitical factors that could impact our costs. And as a reminder, changes in our adjusted operating expenses and capital expenditures, as I've just described, could be delayed or may not be realized due to a variety of factors.

Speaker #1: For the full year of 2026, we expect adjusted opex, excluding adjusted cost of revenues, to average approximately $100 million per quarter, or $400 million total for the year.

Speaker #2: Turning to revenue, in the second quarter, we recognized revenue of $31.5 million dollars, primarily driven by commercial gateway deliveries and various US government service milestone achievements.

Speaker #1: Consistent with average quarterly capex spend during the first half of 2026, we expect our capital expenditures in Q3 2026 to be in the range of approximately $350 million to $425 million, primarily driven by the timing of launch payments which, as I've previously explained and as evidenced by the first half of this year, do vary from quarter to quarter.

Andrew Johnson: Consistent with average quarterly CapEx spend during H1 2026, we expect our CapEx in Q3 2026 to be in the range of approximately $350 to $425 million, primarily driven by the timing of launch payments, which, as I've previously explained and evidenced by H1 of this year, do vary from quarter to quarter. Importantly, our continued spend on growth-related CapEx reflects our increasing satellite production and our active orbital launch plans. We continue to estimate that the average capital costs, including direct materials and launch costs for our constellation of over 90 BlueBird satellites, will fall in the range of approximately $21 to $23 million per satellite, excluding certain initial satellites that are used to validate performance and operations. Our cost per satellite estimates are subject to fluctuations based on dynamic geopolitical factors that could impact our costs.

Speaker #2: Our revenue increase sequentially in year-over-year in the second quarter as we expected, due to the timing of gateway deployment to our commercial customers and the timing of completion of certain government contract milestones.

Speaker #2: With respect to commercial revenue generation, we believe we can enable continuous space mobile service across key markets such as the United States, Europe, Japan, and other strategic markets with the launch and operation of approximately 45 to 60 Bluebird satellites and additional strategic worldwide markets with the launch and operation of approximately 9 Bluebird satellites.

Speaker #1: Importantly, our continued spend on growth-related capex reflects our increasing satellite production and our active orbital launch plans. We continue to estimate that the average capital costs, including direct materials and launch costs for our constellation of over 90 Bluebird satellites, will fall in the range of approximately 21 to 23 million dollars per satellite, excluding certain initial satellites that are used to validate performance and operations.

Speaker #2: Further, as we continue to launch and deploy our constellation, we will continue to support US government applications currently ongoing and accelerating as our constellation grows.

Speaker #2: As we reiterated in our Q1 2026 earnings call, we expect to generate full year 2026 revenue in the range of $150 to $200 million dollars.

Speaker #1: Our cost-per-satellite estimates are subject to fluctuations based on dynamic geopolitical factors that could impact our costs. And as a reminder, changes in our adjusted operating expenses and capital expenditures, as I've just described, could be delayed or may not be realized due to a variety of factors.

Speaker #2: We manage the top line with a focus on full year performance given the quarterly variability inherent to our business, including the timing of contract signings, equipment sales, and milestone achievements.

Andrew Johnson: As a reminder, changes in our adjusted operating expenses and CapEx, as I've just described, could be delayed or may not be realized due to a variety of factors. Turning to revenue. In Q2, we recognized revenue of $31.5 million, primarily driven by commercial gateway deliveries and various US government service milestone achievements. Our revenue increased sequentially and year-over-year in Q2, as we expected, due to the timing of gateway deployment to our commercial customers and the timing of completion of certain government contract milestones. With respect to commercial revenue generation, we believe we can enable continuous SpaceMobile service across key markets such as the United States, Europe, Japan, and other strategic markets with the launch and operation of approximately 45 to 60 BlueBird satellites and additional strategic worldwide markets with the launch and operation of approximately nine BlueBird satellites.

Speaker #2: As a way to be helpful and for the avoidance of doubt, we expect revenue in each quarter to continue to grow sequentially but will likely be weighted towards the fourth quarter.

Speaker #1: Turning to revenue, in the second quarter, we recognized revenue of $31.5 million, primarily driven by commercial gateway deliveries and various U.S. government service milestone achievements.

Speaker #2: As a result, we believe our revenue performance is best evaluated on a full year basis. We expect revenue to continue to be driven by gateway deliveries, achievement of contracted milestones for the US government, M&O consulting services, and with potential upside related to the recognition of initial commercial service revenue.

Speaker #1: Our revenue increased sequentially and year-over-year in the second quarter, as we expected, due to the timing of gateway deployment to our commercial customers and the timing of completion of certain government contract milestones.

Speaker #1: With respect to commercial revenue generation, we believe we can enable continuous space mobile service across key markets such as the United States, Europe, Japan, and other strategic markets with the launch and operation of approximately 45 to 60 Bluebird satellites and additional strategic worldwide markets with the launch and operation of approximately 9 Bluebird satellites.

Speaker #2: The achievement of our revenue plan remains subject to several contingencies, including the successful launch and deployment of our Bluebird satellites related to US government applications and those contractual milestone achievements, critical gateway equipment sales to our M&O partners, and support of their anticipated commercialization efforts of space mobile service, and service revenues in connection with the activation of our commercial service provided by our existing and planned deployed and operational satellites.

Speaker #1: Further, as we continue to launch and deploy our constellation, we will continue to support US government applications currently ongoing, and accelerating as our constellation grows.

Andrew Johnson: Further, as we continue to launch and deploy our constellation, we will continue to support US government applications currently ongoing and accelerating as our constellation grows. As we reiterated in our Q1 2026 earnings call, we expect to generate full year 2026 revenue in the range of $150 to $200 million. We manage the top line with a focus on full-year performance, given the quarterly variability inherent to our business, including the timing of contract signings, equipment sales, and milestone achievements. As a way to be helpful, and for the avoidance of doubt, we expect revenue in each quarter to continue to grow sequentially, but will likely be weighted towards the Q4. As a result, we believe our revenue performance is best evaluated on a full year basis.

Speaker #2: Now, turning to the balance sheet, with this backdrop, in July, we executed a convertible debt transaction for $1.15 billion dollars aggregate principal amount of $1.625% convertible senior notes due in 2034.

Speaker #1: As we reiterated in our Q1 2026 earnings call, we expect to generate full-year 2026 revenue in the range of $150 to $200 million.

Speaker #1: We managed the top line with a focus on full-year performance, given the quarterly variability inherent to our business, including the timing of contract signings, equipment sales, and milestone achievements.

Speaker #2: As part of the transaction, we purchased a capped call hedge to increase the effective conversion price to $149.20 per share, a price well above our all-time high trading price.

Speaker #1: As a way to be helpful, and for the avoidance of doubt, we expect revenue in each quarter to continue to grow sequentially, but it will likely be weighted towards the fourth quarter.

Speaker #2: This financing allows us to pursue an expanding universe of growth opportunities further continue vertical integration efforts and secure additional access to orbit for our space-based cellular network.

Speaker #1: As a result, we believe our revenue performance is best evaluated on a full-year basis. We expect revenue to continue to be driven by gateway deliveries, achievement of contracted milestones for the U.S. government, M&O consulting services, and with potential upside related to the recognition of initial commercial service revenue.

Andrew Johnson: We expect revenue to continue to be driven by gateway deliveries, achievement of contracted milestones for the US government, MNO consulting services, with potential upside related to the recognition of initial commercial service revenue. The achievement of our revenue plan remains subject to several contingencies, including the successful launch and deployment of our BlueBird satellites related to US government applications and those contractual milestone achievements, critical gateway equipment sales to our MNO partners in support of their anticipated commercialization efforts of SpaceMobile service, and service revenues in connection with the activation of our commercial service provided by our existing and planned deployed and operational satellites. Now turning to the balance sheet. With this backdrop, in July, we executed a convertible debt transaction for $1.15 billion aggregate principal amount of 1.625% convertible senior notes due in 2034.

Speaker #2: The notes have our lowest coupon ever at $1.625%, providing cost-efficient capital with effective dilution of less than 2%. Finally, on the final chart on this slide, on a pro forma basis, inclusive of that $1.15 billion in gross proceeds from the convertible notes offering, our cash cash equivalents and restricted cash as of June 30th, 2026, was over $3.7 billion dollars.

Speaker #1: The achievement of our revenue plan remains subject to several contingencies, including the successful launch and deployment of our Bluebird satellites related to US government applications and those contractual milestone achievements, critical gateway equipment sales to our M&O partners, and support of their anticipated commercialization efforts of space mobile service, and service revenues in connection with the activation of our commercial service provided by our existing and planned deployed and operational satellites.

Speaker #2: In closing, we are making progress on all fronts and accomplishing our near-term objectives, the hard work across the organization continues with revenue-building on plan for 2026, satellite manufacturing increasing to support our orbital launch campaign, and increasing applications within our rapidly expanding TAM.

Speaker #1: Now, turning to the balance sheet, with this backdrop, in July, we executed a convertible debt transaction for 1.15 billion dollars aggregate principal amount of 1.625% convertible senior notes due in 2034.

Speaker #2: We look forward to sharing additional achievements with you during Q3 and throughout the second half of 2026. Thank you for your continued support as we continue the hard work of connecting the unconnected at AST Space Mobile and, with that, this completes the presentation component of our business update call, and I'll pass it back to Scott.

Speaker #1: As part of the transaction, we purchased a capped call hedge to increase the effective conversion price to 149 dollars and 20 cents per share, a price well above our all-time high trading price.

Andrew Johnson: As part of the transaction, we purchased a capped call hedge to increase the effective conversion price to $149.20 per share, a price well above our all-time high trading price. This financing allows us to pursue an expanding universe of growth opportunities, further continue vertical integration efforts, and secure additional access to orbit for our space-based cellular network. The notes have our lowest coupon ever at 1.625%, providing cost-efficient capital with effective dilution of less than 2%. Finally, on the final chart on this slide, on a pro forma basis, inclusive of that $1.15 billion in gross proceeds from the convertible notes offering, our cash equivalents, and restricted cash as of 30 June 2026, was over $3.7 billion. In closing, we are making progress on all fronts in accomplishing our near-term objectives.

Speaker #1: Thank you, Andy. Before we go to the queue of analyst questions, we'd like to address a few of the questions submitted by our investors.

Speaker #1: This financing allows us to pursue an expanding universe of growth opportunities, further continue vertical integration efforts, and secure additional access to orbit for our space-based cellular network.

Speaker #1: Operator, could you please start us off with the first question?

Speaker #3: David from New Jersey asks, "How should investors think about the expected timing of meaningful government revenue?" And could you expand some more on the radar capabilities of the constellation?

Speaker #1: The notes have our lowest coupon ever at 1.625%, providing cost-efficient capital with effective dilution of less than 2%. Finally, on the final chart on this slide, on a pro forma basis, inclusive of that $1.15 billion in gross proceeds from the convertible notes offering, our cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as of June 30, 2026, was over $3.7 billion.

Speaker #1: Thank you, David. You know, as we said in our remarks, you know, we're making good progress on these contracts, including over $100 million of contract awards in the last couple of months.

Speaker #1: So consistent with how we've always talked about it, these are kind of initial phases as we scale up the opportunity and the government wants to see you perform against that.

Speaker #1: And, of course, we're really uniquely able to perform given the size of our satellite, our technology, the fact that we're in orbit, the fact that we're vertically integrated.

Speaker #1: In closing, we are making progress on all fronts and accomplishing our near-term objectives. The hard work across the organization continues, with revenue building on plan for 2026, satellite manufacturing increasing to support our orbital launch campaign, and increasing applications within our rapidly expanding TAM.

Speaker #1: And what we're seeing is that this opportunity is going to start scaling up into a recurring multi-billion dollar a year opportunity starting in 2027.

Andrew Johnson: The hard work across the organization continues, with revenue building on plan for 2026, satellite manufacturing increasing to support our orbital launch campaign, and increasing applications within our rapidly expanding TAM. We look forward to sharing additional achievements with you during Q3 and throughout the H2 2026. Thank you for your continued support as we continue the hard work of connecting the unconnected at AST SpaceMobile. With that, this completes the presentation component of our business update call, and I'll pass it back to Scott.

Speaker #3: Lead-in from New Zealand asks, "How does ASTS's ownership of Spectrum Assets affect the company?"

Speaker #1: We look forward to sharing additional achievements with you during Q3 and throughout the second half of 2026. Thank you for your continued support as we continue the hard work of connecting the unconnected at AST SpaceMobile. With that, this completes the presentation component of our business update call, and I'll pass it back to Scott.

Speaker #4: Thank you, Lydon, for the question. Well, Spectrum is like fuel for our business. But, of course, also how efficient is the machine to utilize that fuel is super important.

Speaker #4: So it's the combination of the very large phase array supported by over 3,000, 600 patent and patent pending claims, a very large phase array the power of that phase array, and access to M&O partner Spectrum and our own Spectrum is what make that fuel really be very efficient in terms of creating additional lines of revenue to our government.

Speaker #2: Thank you, Andy. Before we go to the queue of analyst questions, we'd like to address a few of the questions submitted by our investors.

Scott Wisniewski: Thank you, Andy. Before we go to the queue of analyst questions, we would like to address a few of the questions submitted by our investors. Operator, could you please start us off with the first question?

Speaker #2: Operator, could you please start us off with the first question?

Speaker #3: David from New Jersey asks, how should investors think about the expected timing of meaningful government revenue? And could you expand some more on the radar capabilities of the constellation?

Operator: David from New Jersey asks, "How should investors think about the expected timing of meaningful government revenue? Could you expand some more on the radar capabilities of the constellation?

Speaker #4: Our scope presented in the in our in our brief today I mean, this is allowing us to actually scale up into a multitude of new applications that create a multiplication of our TAM, our current TAM, from D2D to seven more new applications that really multiply the addressable TAM that we have today.

Speaker #2: Thank you, David. You know, as we said in our remarks, we're making good progress on these contracts, including over $100 million of contract awards in the last couple of months.

Scott Wisniewski: Thank you, David. As we said in our remarks, we are making good progress on these contracts, including over $100 million in contract awards in the last couple of months. Consistent with how we have always talked about it, these are kind of initial phases as we scale up the opportunity, and the government wants to see you perform against that. Of course, we are uniquely able to perform given the size of our satellite, our technology, the fact that we are in orbit, the fact that we are vertically integrated. What we are seeing is that this opportunity is going to start scaling up into a recurring multi-billion dollar a year opportunity starting in 2027.

Speaker #2: So, consistent with how we've always talked about it, these are kind of initial phases as we scale up the opportunity, and the government wants to see you perform against that.

Speaker #2: And of course, we're really uniquely able to perform, given the size of our satellite, our technology, the fact that we're in orbit, and the fact that we're vertically integrated.

Speaker #4: So ownership of Spectrum is super strategic for us. We were the first company in direct-to-device that start this trend of direct-to-device operators to own Spectrum.

Speaker #2: And what we're seeing is that this opportunity is going to start scaling up into a recurring multi-billion dollar a year opportunity starting in 2027.

Speaker #4: But we had the largest combined Spectrum access when you combine our M&O partners' Spectrum plus our own Spectrum in addition to a very large phase array with a lot of power that create that fuel that create multiple lines for lines of capabilities for our company.

Speaker #3: Leading from New Zealand asks, how does ASTS's ownership of spectrum assets affect the company?

Operator: Lydon from New Zealand asks, "How does ASTS's ownership of spectrum assets affect the company?

Speaker #4: Thank you, Lydon, for the question. Well, Spectrum is like fuel for our business. And but of course, also how efficient is the machine to utilize that fuel is super important.

Abel Avellan: Thank you, Lydon, for the question. Well, spectrum is like fuel for our business. But of course, also how efficient is the machine to utilize that fuel is super important. It is the combination of the very large phased array, supported by over 3,600 patent and patent pending claims. A very large phased array, the power of that phased array, and access to MNO partner spectrum, and our own spectrum is what makes that fuel really be very efficient in terms of creating additional lines of revenue to our government. As Scott presented in our brief today, this is allowing us to actually scale up into a multitude of new applications that create a multiplication of our current TAM from D2D to seven more new applications that really multiply the addressable TAM that we have today. Ownership of spectrum is super strategic for us.

Speaker #4: So if the combination of the very large phase array supported by over 3,000, 600 patent and patent pending claims, a very large phase array the power of that phase array and access to M&O partner Spectrum and our own Spectrum is what make that fuel really be very efficient in terms of creating additional lines of revenue to our government.

Speaker #3: Kevin from Vancouver asks, "What kind of demand drivers are you seeing to trigger the massive $400,000 square feet of manufacturing expansion in Texas?" How many bluebirds per month are you aiming to produce?

Speaker #4: Well, we're currently getting to six per month. We want to spend that in order to be able to supply enough capacity for our government and non-government applications.

Speaker #4: As Scott presented in the in our in our brief today, I mean, this is allowing us to actually scale up into a multitude of new applications that create a multiplication of our TAM, our current TAM, from D to D to seven more new applications that really multiply the addressable TAM that we have today.

Speaker #4: And so with the addition of 400,000 square feet of manufacturing, we will be close to a million square feet of manufacturing facility. We want to continue expanding our capability of producing them, to even larger satellites that allow us to support communications, radar, GPS, AI, cloud computing, IoT, and other very strategic applications that we have.

Speaker #4: So, ownership of spectrum is super strategic for us. We were the first company in direct-to-device that started this trend of direct-to-device operators owning spectrum.

Abel Avellan: We were the first company in direct-to-device that started this trend of direct-to-device operators to own spectrum, but we have the largest combined spectrum access when you combine our MNO partners' spectrum plus our own spectrum, in addition to a very large phased array with a lot of power. That creates that fuel that creates multiple lines of capabilities for our company.

Speaker #4: And that's why we are investing very efficiently in extending our capability of manufacturing in Texas to close to a million square feet of manufacturing.

Speaker #4: But we had the largest combined Spectrum access when you combine our M&O partners Spectrum plus our own Spectrum in addition to a very large phase array with a lot of power that create that that that fuel that create multiple lines for our for lines of of capabilities for for our for our company.

Speaker #3: Lead-in from New Zealand asks, "Does ASTS believe other countries will come forward with their own first net or J0 programs that ASTS can support?"

Speaker #1: Thank you, Lydon. Yeah, we see the J0 project as a real proof point for how countries, large countries, are thinking about their own infrastructure.

Speaker #3: Kevin from Vancouver asks, what kind of demand drivers are you seeing to trigger the massive 400,000 square feet of manufacturing expansion in Texas? How many BlueBirds per month are you aiming to produce?

Operator: Kevin from Vancouver asks, "What kind of demand drivers are you seeing to trigger the massive 400,000 square feet of manufacturing expansion in Texas? How many BlueBirds per month are you aiming to produce?

Speaker #1: This is infrastructure they can control, and get access to, and we think that and we see others thinking about it. So this is a trend that's going to play out, we think, multiple times.

Speaker #4: Well, we're currently getting to six per month. We want to spend that in order to be able to supply enough capacity for our government and non-government applications.

Abel Avellan: Well, we are currently getting to six per month. We want to expand that in order to be able to supply enough capacity for our government and non-government applications. With the addition of 400,000 square feet of manufacturing, we would be close to 1 million square feet of manufacturing facility. We want to continue expanding our capability of producing them to even larger satellites that allow us to support communications, radar, GPS, AI, cloud computing, IoT, and other very strategic applications that we have. That is why we are investing very efficiently in extending our capability of manufacturing in Texas to close to 1 million square feet of manufacturing.

Speaker #1: In the coming years. And this is really a new layer of communications that gives governments and nations access access and can control. And in particular, the 700 megahertz band is one that we've put on the satellite in order to be able to address opportunities like this, both in the US and Europe, and in other places like Latin America as well.

Speaker #4: And so, with the addition of 400,000 square feet of manufacturing, we will be close to a million square feet of manufacturing facility. We want to continue expanding our capability, producing even larger satellites that allow us to support communications, radar, GPS, AI, cloud computing, IoT, and other very strategic applications that we have.

Speaker #1: And with that, I'd like to thank our shareholders for submitting those questions. Operator, let's open up the call to analyst questions now.

Speaker #3: Thank you. We will now be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star 1. On your telephone keypad.

Speaker #4: And that's why we are investing very efficiently in extending our capability of manufacturing in Texas to close to 1 million square feet of manufacturing.

Speaker #3: A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 to remove yourself from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys.

Speaker #3: Leading from New Zealand asks: Does ASTS believe other countries will come forward with their own FirstNet or daily programs that ASTS can support?

Operator: Lydon from New Zealand asks, "Does ASTS believe other countries will come forward with their own FirstNet or JLEO programs that ASTS can support?

Operator: Lydon from New Zealand asks, does ASTS believe other countries will come forward with their own FirstNet or JLEO programs that ASTS can support?

Speaker #3: We kindly ask those participating in the Q&A session to limit themselves to two questions each. Thank you. One moment, please, while we poll for questions.

Speaker #2: Thank you. JLEO project is a real proof point for how large countries are thinking about their own infrastructure. This is infrastructure they can control and get access to.

Scott Wisniewski: Thank you, Lydon. We see the JLEO project as a real proof point for how large countries are thinking about their own infrastructure. This is infrastructure they can control and get access to. We see others thinking about it. This is a trend that is going to play out, we think, multiple times in the coming years. This is really a new layer of communications that gives governments and nations access to capabilities that they access and can control. In particular, the 700 MHz band is one that we have put on the satellite in order to be able to address opportunities like this, both in the US and Europe and in other places like Latin America as well. With that, I would like to thank our shareholders for submitting those questions. Operator, let us open up the call to analyst questions now.

Speaker #3: Our first question comes from the line of Greg Pendy with ClearStreet. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #2: And we think that, and we see others thinking about it. So this is a trend that's going to play out, we think, multiple times in the coming years.

Speaker #5: Sure. Thanks for taking my question. Can you kind of share with us on the recognized JV? I know it's an advanced discussion. But what's the stood out to get you guys to this stage, given it was pretty competitive with some other bidder bidders out there?

Speaker #2: And this is really a new layer of communications that gives governments and nations access to capabilities that they can access and can control.

Speaker #2: And in particular, the 700 megahertz band is one that we've put on the satellite in order to be able to address opportunities like this—both in the US and Europe, and in other places like Latin America as well.

Speaker #5: What do you think you offer to the table that really kind of moved you guys along in that process?

Speaker #4: Thank you, Greg, for the question. Well, we had the only platform that had demonstrated and is delivering today broadband capability. That's that is one key factor.

Speaker #2: And with that, I'd like to thank our shareholders for submitting those questions. Operator, let's open up the call to analyst questions now.

Speaker #3: Thank you. We will now be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad.

Operator: Thank you. We will now be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two to remove yourself from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys. We kindly ask those participating in the Q&A session to limit themselves to two questions each. Thank you. One moment please, while we poll for questions. Our first question comes from the line of Greg Pendy with Clear Street. Please proceed with your questioning.

Speaker #4: The other one is the architecture that we offer allowed nations and regulatory bodies to basically keep all the data and all the management of the infrastructure on the ground.

Speaker #3: A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two (*) to remove yourself from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys.

Speaker #4: And third, the partnership with Rakuten over many years that we have with them as a leading Japanese company that have been partnered with us for many years.

Speaker #3: We kindly ask those participating in the Q&A session to limit themselves to two questions each. Thank you. One moment, please, while we pull four questions.

Speaker #4: So but fundamentally, we had the only platform that can deliver broadband that is in operations and that have demonstrated the ability to basically deliver seamless connectivity between terrestrial and space on an scalable basis.

Speaker #3: Our first question comes from the line of Greg Pendy with Clear Street. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #5: Sure. Thanks, sir, for taking my question. Can you kind of share with us, on the record: JV, I know it's an advanced discussion, but what’s stood out to get you guys to this stage, given it was pretty competitive with some other bidders out there?

Greg Pendy: Sure. Thanks for taking my question. Can you share with us on the Red Coat 9 JV? I know it is in advanced discussions. What stood out to get you guys to this stage, given it was pretty competitive with some other bidders out there? What do you think you offer to the table that really kind of moved you guys along in that process?

Speaker #5: Great. That's very helpful. And is there any way you can kind of give us an idea? I know you don't break it out, so if you don't want to do that.

Speaker #5: What do you think you bring to the table that really kind of moved you guys along in that process?

Speaker #5: But the backlog growing nicely to 1.3, how much of that it might be government?

Speaker #4: Thank you, Greg, for the question. Well, we had the only platform that had demonstrated, and is delivering today, broadband capability. That is one key factor.

Speaker #1: I would say, you know, it's a minority of it is government. The ads were primarily government, but the overall backlog, a minority of it is government.

Abel Avellan: Thank you, Greg, for the question. Well, we are the only platform that has demonstrated and is delivering today broadband capability. That is one key factor. The other one is the architecture that we offer allows nations and regulatory bodies to basically keep all the data and all the management of the infrastructure on the ground. Third, the partnership with Rakuten over many years that we have with them as a leading Japanese company that have been partnered with us for many years. But fundamentally, we are the only platform that can deliver broadband that is in operations and that have demonstrated the ability to basically deliver seamless connectivity between terrestrial and space on a scalable basis.

Speaker #1: But I would say that we expect that one to scale in the near term, most significantly.

Speaker #4: The other one is the architecture that we offer allows nations and regulatory bodies to basically keep all the data and all the management of the infrastructure on the ground.

Speaker #5: Got it. Thanks. Very helpful. Thanks a lot.

Speaker #3: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Mike Crawford with BRiley Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #6: Thank you. Of these first 46 bluebirds that you have under partial states of construction now, how many of these are already have or are targeted to have L-band or S-band connectivity installed on the microns?

Speaker #4: And third, the partnership with Rakuten over many years, that we have with them as a leading Japanese company that has been partnered with us for many years.

Speaker #6: And then how should we think of the spectrum mix of a full 90 satellite constellation?

Speaker #4: But fundamentally, we had the only platform that can deliver broadband that is in operations and that has demonstrated the ability to basically deliver seamless connectivity between terrestrial and space on a scalable basis.

Speaker #4: Hey, Mike. I mean, we are producing roughly at a rate of six per month in terms of microns. We are on micron 46. We're starting the production of the mid-band capability later this year.

Speaker #5: Great, that's very helpful. And is there any way you can kind of give us an idea—I know you don't break it out, so if you don't want to do that, that's fine—but with the backlog growing nicely to $1.3 billion, how much of that might be government?

Greg Pendy: Great. That is very helpful. Is there any way you can give us an idea, I know you do not break it out, so if you do not want to do that, but the backlog growing nicely to 1.3, how much of that might be government?

Speaker #4: For a start launching very early in 2027, the urban capability. So the current micros are low-band systems.

Speaker #6: Thanks. Thank you, Babel. And then third, my second question is, how does this potential US MNO joint venture affect your discrete agreements with AT&T and Verizon and as well as with T-Mobile that you don't have an agreement with?

Speaker #2: I would say, you know, it's a minority of it is government. The the ads were were were were primarily government, but the overall backlog, a minority of it is government.

Scott Wisniewski: I would say, a minority of it is government. The adds were primarily government, but the overall backlog, a minority of it is government. But I would say that we expect that one to scale in the near term most significantly.

Speaker #2: But I would say that we expect that one to scale in the near term, most significantly.

Speaker #5: Got it. Thanks. Very helpful. Thanks a lot.

Speaker #1: Thanks, Mike. Well, our existing agreements are not affected. You know, and frankly, as we said, when this was announced, the joint venture, frankly, frees up a third and fourth customer for us in the United States.

Greg Pendy: Got it. Thanks. Very helpful. Thanks a lot.

Speaker #3: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Mike Crawford with B. Riley Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Mike Crawford with B. Riley Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #6: Thank you. Of of these first 46 bluebirds that you have under partial states of construction now, how many of these are already have or are targeted to have L band or S band connectivity installed on the on the microns?

Mike Crawford: Thank you. Of these first 46 BlueBirds that you have under partial states of construction now, how many of these already have or are targeted to have L-band or S-band connectivity installed on the BlueBirds? How should we think of the spectrum mix of a full 90 satellite constellation?

Speaker #1: So we were happy and supportive of it. Ultimately, we are carrier agnostic, right? Our network is good for all operators. We have strong partners.

Speaker #1: And those partners are important to us. But as markets grow and mature, we expect to be available to all operators. So this is really consistent with the strategy we put forward two years ago when Verizon joined with AT&T to support us.

Speaker #6: And then, how should we think of the spectrum mix of a full 90-satellite constellation?

Speaker #4: Hey, Mike. I mean, we are producing roughly at a rate of six per month in terms of microns. We are on Micron 46.

Abel Avellan: Hey, Mike. We are producing roughly at a rate of 6 per month in term of BlueBirds. We are on BlueBird 46. We are starting the production of the mid-band capability later this year for start launching very early in 2027, the broadband capability. The current BlueBirds are low-band systems.

Abel Avellan: Hey, Mike. We are producing roughly at a rate of six per month in term of BlueBirds. We are on BlueBird 46. We are starting the production of the mid-band capability later this year for start launching very early in 2027, the broadband capability. The current BlueBirds are low-band systems.

Speaker #1: And going forward with the joint venture, we look forward to partnering with them as well. But existing delivering cellular broadband, that's not affected.

Speaker #4: We're starting the production of the mid band capability later this year. For start launching very early in 20 in 27, the urban capability. So the current the current micros are low band systems.

Speaker #6: All right. Thank you, Scott.

Speaker #3: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Colin Canfield with Cancer Fitzgerald. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #5: Hey, thanks for the question. As we put together the building blocks on revenue for '27, just rough numbers here. It seems like this is probably 1 to 200 million of gateway support, 1 to 200 million of government, US government support, and maybe 100 million of international government support.

Speaker #6: Thanks. Thank you, Abel. And then thirdly, my second question is, how does this potential US M&O joint venture affect your discrete agreements with AT&T and Verizon, and as well as with T-Mobile, that you don't have an agreement with?

Mike Crawford: Great. Thank you, Abel. For my second question is, how does this potential US MNO joint venture affect your discrete agreements with AT&T and Verizon, as well as with T-Mobile that you do not have an agreement with?

Speaker #5: As we think about the upside to that framework, can you just maybe refresh investors on how to think about RevRec for commercial service and essentially what are you hearing from commercial operators about pushing revenue or allowing AST to recognize revenue with a partial deployment of constellation?

Speaker #2: Thanks, Mike. Well, our existing agreements are not affected. You know, and and frankly, as as we said, when this was announced, the the joint venture, frankly, frees up a third and fourth customer for us in the United States.

Scott Wisniewski: Well, our existing agreements are not affected. Frankly, as we said when this was announced, the joint venture frankly frees up a third and fourth customer for us in the United States.

Speaker #5: Thanks.

Speaker #1: Hey, Colin. So I mean, first of all, we're hearing from operators that they want the service now. And so we are pushing extremely hard.

Speaker #1: You've seen our comments on beta, getting that out the door to demonstrate scaled capabilities. And then start rolling out commercial service with as little as 45 satellites in orbit.

Speaker #1: So we're racing towards that with our strategic partners, really as many partners as we can simultaneously race towards that with. And yeah, RevRec will begin I don't want to commit to anything, but generally speaking, revenue recognition should begin for commercial service when commercial service begins, right?

Speaker #1: So when that happens next year, that'll start being recognized. And the other components of revenue I would say you're generally accurate. That gateways and access of 100 million dollars as we continue to grow that.

Speaker #1: Government revenue, we hope will greatly exceed your number, but that's still being played out now and we'll have more announcements in the near term on that.

Speaker #1: And commercial services revenue, of course, is what we're all playing for. And we're very excited and expect that to run quickly once we get going.

Speaker #5: Got it. Got it. And then for the international government opportunities, if you could just maybe talk about the market structure that you expect in Germany as well as the rest of Europe.

Speaker #5: Maybe how do you think about kind of customer appetite to multi-source supply chains? And if they're not multi-sourcing, what sort of milestones do you think it takes for them to kind of secure their supply chain?

Speaker #5: And specifically, we're talking about IRIS. Thanks.

Speaker #1: Well, I think, Colin, there's a lot there, of course, because there's a lot of different markets. But what we can do in the defense market, which is comms and non-communication services with a very unique technology in orbit, is attract it to a lot of parties.

Speaker #1: And we see the trend playing out in other sectors that are perhaps less strategic capabilities where international governments are placing bets around services and we think over time, those governments will turn their attention to larger scaled services like what we can do because having that capability is very powerful thing.

Speaker #1: And you see that obviously with the JLEO preliminary award. So I would say this is a trend to watch for us over time. I won't speak to individual markets, but certainly Europe and NATO and you can see how it's playing out through the MSS process in Europe with them prioritizing certain types of providers who have European operations, et cetera.

Speaker #1: So those are all trends we're positioning ourselves around. And it starts with our tech, but also it's very important as Abel said that we have good partners like with Rakuten in Japan and Vodafone in Europe.

Speaker #1: And that really facilitates our access to the opportunities in a way you don't see elsewhere.

Speaker #5: That's great. Thank you.

Speaker #3: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Funk with Bank of America. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #6: Hey, good evening. Thank you for the question, Scott. So first, actually origin how many launches do you have contracted to the remainder of 2026 and 2027?

Speaker #6: And what is the stackability on those vehicles?

Speaker #1: Hey. We have 10 launches booked with two different providers. And we're targeting a cadence of every month or two on average. Beyond that, we've been providing disclosure about two months in advance as we get launch down selected.

Speaker #1: I think with Blue Origin, I think we're all watching that. We were sad to see what happened in May, but they've made tremendous progress to date.

Speaker #1: And both turning around the pad and getting resolution recently on the root cause for the anomaly. And so they're targeting this year. We're not betting on that necessarily.

Speaker #1: We'll be happy if they do it, but we're not betting on that in our numbers. And with a mix of launches, we think we can get to early 2027 for our initial 45 satellites.

Speaker #6: That was great. Thank you for that. And then on build cost per satellite, can you tell me where you are today and where you see that trend over the next 12 months?

Speaker #1: Yeah. Cost per satellite, Michael, is the question.

Speaker #6: Cost per, yeah, sorry.

Speaker #1: Yeah. We've been consistent now for several quarters that we are falling between 21 and 23 million per satellite. And that includes launch that includes our direct labor and so forth.

Speaker #1: And we track that each quarter and roll it up. So that's consistent. I think that that is over the life of a constellation. So some of the initial satellites may exceed, but over time and our planning and so forth, that range holds up for the first constellation.

Speaker #1: And then we continue to look at ways to take cost out as we continue to engage with launch providers and acquire more launches the economics scale better in that way.

Speaker #1: So over time, we'd hope to bring that cost down, but that's been consistent in that 21 to 23 range. Currently, and over the life of the 90 satellites, we feel good with that number.

Speaker #6: Okay. Great. Hey, thank you guys.

Speaker #3: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Chris Scholl with UBS. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #5: Great. Thank you. You mentioned the expanding TAM and you cited AI edge computing, federal emergency and IoT. Can you just help us better understand what needs to be done operationally to tap into some of these markets?

Speaker #5: And any rough sense on the timeline there? And as you think about targeting these areas, how should we think about funding needs? Will you continue to be opportunistic or do you have much of what you need for the foreseeable future?

Speaker #5: Thank you.

Speaker #1: Yeah. Great. I mean, all these opportunities are basically on the back of the architecture we have, which is basically fundamentally the largest capacity to generate power in space.

Speaker #1: And the largest gain antenna gain per spacecraft. So basically, we are piggybacking in the space architecture we have and also on the gateway architecture we have.

Speaker #1: In AI compute, we are starting to add that capability into our satellites. We mentioned that we're on satellite 46 in production now. We're starting to add the compute capability on satellite 47, 48.

Speaker #1: So later in the year, we integrated to our system. IoT, radar, emergency, and dedicated constellations or specialized constellations like the one in Japan, they're already part of the architecture as we have it.

Speaker #1: So these are incremental opportunities basically taking advantage of what we have built on our intellectual property.

Speaker #5: Great. If I can just fit in one more. You mentioned the path to 100 megahertz of spectrum in the US and 60 megahertz globally.

Speaker #5: Can you just clarify how much you have access to today and what are the alternatives you have for securing those additional airwaves to reach these levels?

Speaker #1: Yeah. I mean, we can tune our between low band and mid-band. We had around close to 1200 megahertz of capacity that we can tune.

Speaker #1: Our satellites, we can do this per country. And in addition to that, also, we can tune our own and control MSS spectrum. So the 100 megahertz of spectrum is roughly what you see from our acquisition of a spectrum through Legado plus access to spectrum of our MNO partners here in the United States.

Speaker #1: Overseas, it's on a country-by-country basis. As you know, we had a joint venture in Europe with Vodafone. 21 of the top 25 operators in Europe have indicated they want to partner with us in accessing that capacity.

Speaker #1: So when we talk about a spectrum, we're talking about the collection of our own spectrum and the spectrum that the MNOs make available to our satellites.

Speaker #5: Okay. Great. Thank you.

Speaker #3: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Louis De Palma with William Blair. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #4: Good evening. Abel, Scott, and Andy. I'm on prior calls. You discussed the target for 2027 revenue to approach $1 billion and given the different puts and takes and the backlog of $1.3 billion now, how should we think of modeling next year's revenue?

Speaker #4: And beyond. Thanks.

Speaker #1: Hey, Louis. So the principles there were based on a full year the first full year of commercial service. So we still nothing's changed on our expectation and our goal of reaching approaching a billion of revenue in our first year of commercial service.

Speaker #1: So next year, the way to think about it is still really strong opportunity in government that could contribute to probably as much as half of that.

Speaker #1: Still good infrastructure revenue. We have this year. And then as commercial service comes online, ramping into the balance of that. So we still feel really good about that number.

Speaker #1: It's just a question of when we kick it off and when we hit the run rate.

Speaker #4: Great. Thanks, Scott. And you discussed the beta trials what is the timing in terms of when consumers will be able to trial your network?

Speaker #4: I know that you don't want to speak on behalf of your carrier partners, but have they given any sense on when the generic AT&T and Verizon.

Speaker #4: Customers will be able to test out the service? And related to that, if there are 25 satellites in orbit from a general location in the United States, what percentage of the day will a satellite be overhead such that consumers will be able to connect to your network?

Speaker #1: Thanks, Louis. So getting the capability ready for consumers is something that we're targeting for later in 2026. How we go to market with that, how we use that, of course, like you said, we're going to defer to our partners and we'll be announcements on that in the right way.

Speaker #1: But we're very focused on enabling that. And there's a lot that you can do. Separate and apart from the space. So those two are kind of separate.

Speaker #1: And so while we've historically said 25 satellites is the right way to think about it, we have great flexibility there on how we do beta.

Speaker #1: So for us, it's all about racing for towards putting satellites in the air and then racing towards getting a scaled beta available because, of course, the steps from a scaled beta to commercial service is pretty quick.

Speaker #1: It's just a function of satellites in orbit. And in terms of our about 25 satellites, like you said, that's there's a lot of variance there, but think about it as about half the day coverage.

Speaker #4: Great. Thanks, Scott. Thanks, everyone.

Speaker #3: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Brian Craft with Deutsche Bank. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #5: Hi. Good afternoon. I guess I wanted to ask you just on the JV, how do you expect to work with the JV in the US?

Speaker #5: Do you expect the 50/50 revenue share model to still be the revenue model for you with the JV? And separately, are you in talks with T-Mobile or Deutsche Telekom of a partnerships given that you're conducting integration and testing with Deutsche Telekom and obviously they're the parent company of T-Mobile?

Speaker #5: Anything you could share on that would be great. Thank you.

Speaker #1: Hey, Brian. Listen, we expect to be working with all operators in the United States and all major operators in Europe. And we did announce 60 mobile operators around the globe with access to around 3 billion devices on a global basis.

Speaker #1: So as it relates specifically to the United States, as Scott explained it, we plan to keep the contracts that we have with our current partners the way they are.

Speaker #1: And expanding the relationship into all of them both through the JV and directly with each one of them.

Speaker #3: Okay. Thank you very much, Abel.

Speaker #5: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Chris Quilty with Quilty Analytics. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #6: Thank you. We just finally got visibility on the upper C band, and I was wondering is that upper C band kind of a reference design in your current ASIC, or is that going to have to be rev two when that spectrum becomes available at the end of the decade?

Speaker #1: Hey, Chris. No, we're working that C band is already built into our ASIC architecture. And we're working on the third generation that will include both the L band, MSS, mid-band, and C band.

Speaker #6: So a question on the chip will be a single chip, but does it still do you still need to have different satellite designs because of the antenna requirements in order to support the multiple bands, or is there a way to collapse that in the future?

Speaker #1: No, no. We're keeping different phase arrays per block of a spectrum. So you have the low band, the mid-band, and in the future, the C band is being also incorporated to the satellites.

Speaker #6: Got it. And a follow-up, you didn't answer David's question from earlier about the government radar applications and maybe I'll just ask, is that are we talking active or passive applications?

Speaker #6: And is this using your spectrum or government spectrum?

Speaker #1: The radar application in the United States is using government spectrum. And that takes advantage of our very large phase array and the sensitivity of the satellites.

Speaker #1: Which is a capability that is already built and in orbit for the government.

Speaker #6: And with that L band spectrum already designed in?

Speaker #1: Our major application is for radar is in the lower bands.

Speaker #6: Okay. Great. Thank you very much.

Speaker #5: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Scott Farrell with Roth Capital. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #7: Hey, good afternoon. Thanks for taking the questions. I want to follow up on the dedicated constellation front. The JLEO opportunity seems very exciting. I'm wondering if you could address a little bit the architectural approach in terms of how much commonality and you can leverage existing infrastructure from gateways and otherwise as you build out that constellation.

Speaker #7: And as part of that, I think Japan is committed a billion dollars in capital. What is the capital requirement from the ASD standpoint? And then you've hinted at other opportunities globally.

Speaker #7: I'm wondering if you could provide some color in terms of other opportunities that are percolating either from a regional perspective or maybe the number of opportunities.

Speaker #7: Thanks.

Speaker #1: Yeah. Scott, the satellites flag Japanese on our basically identical than the rest of the constellation. And the way that this is planned is as they are flagged as Japanese satellites, they can be used anywhere in the world.

Speaker #1: Using the same architecture of gateways and the rest of the American constellation that the vast majority of the satellites. So this represents roughly half on the investment on those satellites.

Speaker #1: In capital that is non-dilutive and non-debt. For global usage of these satellites, but with a flag as Japanese satellite for that subset of satellites.

Speaker #7: Great. And any other opportunities that are percolating that you can address in terms of number, opportunities, or potential timeline for other similar types of dedicated sovereign constellations?

Speaker #7: Thanks.

Speaker #8: Hey, Scott. Yeah, we don't want to comment on that, but there are other discussions with other parties and frankly, if you think about it, having communications capabilities that are resilient and in your control I don't know why a G20 country wouldn't want this kind of capability given the price.

Speaker #8: So I think that we see this as. Attractive place for us to continue to build out our network and partner in the way that we've been very good at it.

Speaker #8: And you see this playing out a little bit, I think, in the Earth observation arena. But as it relates to comms and our other capabilities, which is a much bigger opportunity and much more strategic, I think you're going to see a lot of this over time because I just don't understand why a major country wouldn't want this capability.

Speaker #7: Great. Thanks so much.

Speaker #5: Thank you. And we have reached the end of the question and answer session. I would now like to turn the floor back over to Max Holberg for a closing remark.

Speaker #4: Thank you, operator. We want to thank all of our shareholders and research analysts for joining the call. We really appreciate it and have a great rest of your week.

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