Q4 2025 NET Power Inc Earnings Call

March 10, 2026

Operator: Greetings, and welcome to NET Power Inc. Q4 2025 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are on a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone requires operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Bryce Mendes, Director, Investor Relations. Thank you. Please go ahead.

Speaker #2: If anyone requires operator assistance during the conference, please press *0 on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Bryce Mendes, Director Investor Relations.

Speaker #2: Thank you. Please go ahead. Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to NET Power's Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Earnings Conference Call. With me on the call today, we have our Chief Executive Officer, Danny Rice, and our President and Chief Operating Officer, Marc Horstman.

Bryce Mendes: Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to NET Power's Q4 and Full Year 2025 Earnings Conference Call. With me on the call today, we have our Chief Executive Officer, Danny Rice, and our President and Chief Operating Officer, Marc Horstman. Yesterday, we issued our earnings release for the Q4 and full year ended December 31, 2025, along with an updated investor presentation. Both are available on our investor relations website at ir.netpower.com. During today's call, our remarks will include forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those stated or implied by forward-looking statements due to risks and uncertainties associated with our business, which are discussed in our SEC filings. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. With that, I'll turn the call over to Danny Rice, NET Power's Chief Executive Officer.

Speaker #2: Yesterday, we issued our earnings release for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025, along with an updated investor presentation. Both are available on our investor relations website at ir.netpower.com.

Speaker #2: During today's call, our remarks will include forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those stated or implied by forward-looking statements due to risks and uncertainties associated with our business, which are discussed in our SEC filings.

Bryce Mendes: During today's call, our remarks will include forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those stated or implied by forward-looking statements due to risks and uncertainties associated with our business, which are discussed in our SEC filings. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. With that, I'll turn the call over to Danny Rice, NET Power's Chief Executive Officer.

Speaker #2: We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. With that, I'll turn the call over to Danny Rice, NET Power's Chief Executive Officer.

Speaker #3: Thanks, Bryce. And thanks, everyone, for joining us this morning. Marc and I are glad to be here, and we have quite a bit of ground to cover.

Danny Rice: Thanks, Bryce, and thanks, everyone, for joining us this morning. Marc and I are glad to be here, and we have quite a bit of ground to cover. I'd ask you to pull up the investor presentation and follow along as we walk through it. After our prepared remarks, we'll open the line for questions. Let's start on slide three, and I want to set the stage with a bit of framing before we get into the specifics. When we look at the executive summary on slide three, what you're seeing is a company that made a decisive strategic call at the end of last year and is now executing against it. We pivoted away from Oxy-combustion as our primary near-term commercial vehicle, and we did so deliberately. Oxy-combustion is a remarkable technology, and we're preserving that work carefully.

Speaker #3: So I'd ask you to pull up the investor presentation and follow along as we remarks, we'll open the line for questions. So let's start on slide three, and I want to set the stage with a bit of framing before we get into the specifics.

Danny Rice: When we look at the executive summary on slide three, what you're seeing is a company that made a decisive strategic call at the end of last year and is now executing against it. We pivoted away from Oxy-combustion as our primary near-term commercial vehicle, and we did so deliberately. Oxy-combustion is a remarkable technology, and we're preserving that work carefully.

Speaker #3: When we look at the executive summary on slide three, what you're seeing is a company that made a decisive strategic call at the end of last year and is now executing against it.

Speaker #3: We pivoted away from Oxy Combustion as our primary near-term commercial vehicle, and we did so deliberately. Oxy Combustion is a remarkable technology, and we're preserving that work carefully.

Speaker #3: Meanwhile, there's a pathway to the same destination: natural gas power with greater than 90% carbon capture, that can be executed with equipment that exists today on a timeline that matches the urgency of the market.

Danny Rice: Meanwhile, there's a pathway to the same destination. Natural gas power with greater than 90% carbon capture that can be executed with equipment that exists today on a timeline that matches the urgency of the market. That path is a combined cycle gas turbine paired with post-combustion carbon capture, GT plus PCC. Proven turbines, proven solvent-based capture technology, and with the right partner, Entropy, the integration of these two proven systems into a single bankable project is now within reach. This is not a retreat from our mission. NET Power's mission has always been to transform natural gas into the lowest cost form of clean, firm power. That mission is unchanged. What changed is we found a more direct route to get there and the intellectual honesty required by us to take it.

Speaker #3: That path is a combined cycle gas-turbine paired with post-combustion carbon capture, GT plus PCC. Proven turbines, proven solvent-based capture technology, and with the right partner entropy, the integration of these two proven systems into a single bankable project is now within reach.

Danny Rice: Proven turbines, proven solvent-based capture technology, and with the right partner, Entropy, the integration of these two proven systems into a single bankable project is now within reach. This is not a retreat from our mission. NET Power's mission has always been to transform natural gas into the lowest cost form of clean, firm power. That mission is unchanged. What changed is we found a more direct route to get there and the intellectual honesty required by us to take it.

Speaker #3: So, this is not a retreat from our mission. NET Power's mission has always been to transform natural gas into the lowest-cost form of clean, firm power.

Speaker #3: That mission is unchanged. What changed is we found a more direct route to get there, in the intellectual honesty required by us to take it.

Speaker #3: Now let me turn to slide four, which covers the macro backdrop, because I think this context is essential to understanding why we believe the timing of this decision is exactly right.

Danny Rice: Now let me turn to Slide 4, which covers the macro backdrop, because I think this context is essential to understanding why we believe the timing of this decision is exactly right. We're in the early innings of what may be the most significant build out of power generation infrastructure in American history. AI data centers are the proximate cause, but it's bigger than that. You have AI-driven hyperscale compute demand. You have industrial re-onshoring. You have the electrification of transportation and industry. All of this converging simultaneously on a grid that hasn't had meaningful baseload capacity in decades. In ERCOT, the Texas grid, it's ground zero for this collision. The load growth being projected in West Texas alone over the next 5 to 10 years is staggering. It's not a theoretical forecast.

Speaker #3: We're in the early innings of what may be the most significant buildout of power generation infrastructure in American history. AI data centers are the proximate cause, but it's bigger than that.

Speaker #3: You have AI-driven hyperscale compute demand, you have industrial re-onshoring, you have electrification of transportation and industry—all of this converging simultaneously on a grid that hasn't had meaningful baseload capacity in decades.

Danny Rice: You have AI-driven hyperscale compute demand. You have industrial re-onshoring. You have the electrification of transportation and industry. All of this converging simultaneously on a grid that hasn't had meaningful baseload capacity in decades. In ERCOT, the Texas grid, it's ground zero for this collision. The load growth being projected in West Texas alone over the next 5 to 10 years is staggering. It's not a theoretical forecast.

Speaker #3: In ERCOT, the Texas Grid, it's ground zero for this collision. The load growth being projected in West Texas alone over the next 5 to 10 years is staggering.

Speaker #3: It's not a theoretical forecast. You can see it in the permitting activity, in the interconnection queues, and in the conversations we're having. And what every one of those conversations comes back to is the same thing: speed and reliability.

Danny Rice: You can see it in the permitting activity, in the interconnection queues, and in the conversations we're having. What every one of those conversations comes back to is the same thing, speed and reliability. Power buyers are not sitting around waiting for the perfect clean solution. They are racing to secure any electrons they can trust to show up 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. What we're seeing is a pragmatic reordering of priorities. Environmental idealism hasn't gone away, but it's being subordinated to an immediate physical reality. You cannot run a hyperscale data center on intermittent power. You cannot build a $10 billion compute campus and hope the wind is blowing or that new nuclear can be built at a price never achieved before, and certainly not in this hyperinflationary cost environment for new infrastructure.

Speaker #3: Power buyers are not sitting around waiting for the perfect clean solution. They are racing to secure any electrons they can trust to show up 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year.

Speaker #3: What we're seeing is a pragmatic reordering of priorities. Environmental idealism hasn't gone away, but it's being subordinated to an immediate physical reality. You cannot run a hyperscale data center on intermittent power.

Danny Rice: Environmental idealism hasn't gone away, but it's being subordinated to an immediate physical reality. You cannot run a hyperscale data center on intermittent power. You cannot build a $10 billion compute campus and hope the wind is blowing or that new nuclear can be built at a price never achieved before, and certainly not in this hyperinflationary cost environment for new infrastructure.

Speaker #3: You cannot build a $10 billion compute campus and hope the wind is blowing or that new nuclear can be built at a price never achieved before.

Speaker #3: And certainly not in this hyperinflationary cost environment for new infrastructure. But natural gas is different. The US has among the lowest-cost natural gas reserves on Earth.

Danny Rice: Natural gas is different. The US has among the lowest cost natural gas reserves on Earth, 50+ years of supply in proven basins from Appalachia to West Texas. The honest question is whether we can advance technology that reduces the environmental impact of natural gas combustion because natural gas is what we have and is what we need right now. That's where we live. If there was any doubt about how central domestic oil and natural gas are to this country's economic security and physical safety, the last three months have been about as clear a reminder as you could ask for.

Speaker #3: 50 plus years of supply in proven basins from Appalachia to West Texas. The honest question is whether we can advance technology that reduces the environmental impact of natural gas combustion because natural gas is what we have, and is what we need right now.

Speaker #3: That's where we live. And if there was any doubt about how central domestic oil and natural gas are to this country's economic security and physical safety, the last three months have been about as clear a reminder as you could ask for.

Danny Rice: We just came through one of the harshest winters on record, and the US kept the lights on without missing a beat, not because of solar, not because of wind, but because we have an abundant, reliable supply of natural gas and the generation infrastructure to dispatch it on demand. At the same time, we are actively engaged militarily and diplomatically to ensure that global oil supply chains remain in reliable hands because the world does run on oil, and the US understands the consequences of that supply falling under the control of adversarial actors. These are not abstract geopolitical concerns. They are a direct expression of how important domestically produced fossil fuels remain to our national security and economic prosperity.

Speaker #3: We just came through one of the harshest winters on record in the US-kept-the-lights-on-without-missing-a-beat, not because of solar, not because of wind, but because we have an abundant, reliable supply of natural gas in the generation infrastructure to dispatch it on demand.

Speaker #3: At the same time, we are actively engaged militarily and diplomatically to ensure that global oil supply chains remain in reliable hands. Because the world does run on oil, in the US understands the consequences of that supply falling under the control of adversarial actors.

Danny Rice: These are not abstract geopolitical concerns. They are a direct expression of how important domestically produced fossil fuels remain to our national security and economic prosperity. They reinforce, in the starkest possible terms, why the answer to our energy challenge is not to wish away natural gas or oil, but to figure out how to produce more of it domestically and use it more responsibly and more cleanly. That is what we are doing. The good news is that the policy environment is beginning to confirm this view.

Speaker #3: These are not abstract geopolitical concerns. They are direct expression of how important domestically produced fossil fuels remain to our national security and economic prosperity.

Danny Rice: They reinforce, in the starkest possible terms, why the answer to our energy challenge is not to wish away natural gas or oil, but to figure out how to produce more of it domestically and use it more responsibly and more cleanly. That is what we are doing. The good news is that the policy environment is beginning to confirm this view. The 45Q tax credit now provides parity between CO₂ sequestration and CO₂ utilization for enhanced oil recovery. That's significant for us. EOR, or enhanced oil recovery, is the process by which captured CO₂ is injected into oil formations to recover additional oil. Beyond the incremental production benefit, the CO₂ stays underground permanently. You get a direct economic credit for the carbon capture. It supports domestic oil production and US energy security, and it enables a meaningful reduction in the cost of clean power.

Speaker #3: And they reinforce in the starkest possible terms why the answer to our energy challenge is not to wish away natural gas or oil, but to figure out how to produce more of it domestically and use it more responsibly and more cleanly.

Speaker #3: That is what we are doing. The good news is that the policy environment is beginning to confirm this view. The 45Q tax credit now provides parity between CO2 sequestration and CO2 utilization for enhanced oil recovery.

Danny Rice: The 45Q tax credit now provides parity between CO₂ sequestration and CO₂ utilization for enhanced oil recovery. That's significant for us. EOR, or enhanced oil recovery, is the process by which captured CO₂ is injected into oil formations to recover additional oil. Beyond the incremental production benefit, the CO₂ stays underground permanently. You get a direct economic credit for the carbon capture. It supports domestic oil production and US energy security, and it enables a meaningful reduction in the cost of clean power.

Speaker #3: That's significant for us. EOR, or enhanced oil recovery, is the process by which captured CO2 is injected into oil formations to recover additional oil.

Speaker #3: Beyond the incremental production benefit, the CO2 stays underground permanently. Do you get a direct economic credit for the carbon capture? It supports domestic oil production and US energy security.

Speaker #3: And it enables a meaningful reduction in the cost of clean power. In West Texas, where we have both the Permian Basin's vast oil formations and abundant low-cost gas, EOR is what makes the economics of our first project genuinely compelling.

Danny Rice: In West Texas, where we have both the Permian Basin's vast oil formations and abundant low cost gas, EOR is what makes the economics of our first project genuinely compelling. It's not a workaround, it's an integral part of the value chain. The bottom line in the macro is this: the need for clean, firm baseload power has never been greater. The policy support for CCS has never been stronger. The geography we're developing in, West Texas, is exactly where load growth and energy resources are converging the fastest. We believe NET Power is in the right place with the right solution at the right time. With that, let me turn it over to Marc to walk you through what we've been building.

Speaker #3: It's not a workaround—it's an integral part of the value chain. The bottom line in the macro is this: the need for clean, firm baseload power has never been greater.

Danny Rice: The policy support for CCS has never been stronger. The geography we're developing in, West Texas, is exactly where load growth and energy resources are converging the fastest. We believe NET Power is in the right place with the right solution at the right time. With that, let me turn it over to Marc to walk you through what we've been building.

Speaker #3: The policy support for CCS has never been stronger. And the geography we're developing in, West Texas, is exactly where load growth and energy resources are converging the fastest.

Speaker #3: We believe NET Power is in the right place with the right solution at the right time. So with that, let me turn it over to Mark to walk you through what we've been building.

Marc Horstman: Thanks, Danny. Good morning, everyone. I'm going to take you through the business progress across three areas, the status of our product development, where we stand on project permits, and how our commercial pipeline is developing. Let's start with slide 5. The foundation of everything we're building is the integrated clean power product, two Siemens SGT-A35 gas turbines, prepackaged by Relevant Power Solutions, paired with Entropy's post-combustion carbon capture system, designed for greater than 90% CO₂ capture. Our integrated clean power product represents something the market hasn't seen before. A fully pre-engineered power plant that combines a natural gas combined cycle with post-combustion carbon capture into a single standardized design. By working directly with Entropy, WSP, and our OEM partners to deliver modular pre-engineered components, we will have systematically reduced the execution risk that has historically plagued first-of-kind projects.

Speaker #4: Thanks, Danny. Good morning, everyone. I'm going to take you through the business progress across three areas: the status of our product development, where we stand on Project Permian, and how our commercial pipeline is developing.

Speaker #4: So let's start with slide five. The foundation of everything we're building is the integrated clean power product—two Siemens SGT-835 gas turbines, prepackaged by Relevant Power Solutions, paired with IntraPiece post-combustion capture system, designed for greater than 90% CO2 capture.

Marc Horstman: Our integrated clean power product represents something the market hasn't seen before. A fully pre-engineered power plant that combines a natural gas combined cycle with post-combustion carbon capture into a single standardized design. By working directly with Entropy, WSP, and our OEM partners to deliver modular pre-engineered components, we will have systematically reduced the execution risk that has historically plagued first-of-kind projects.

Speaker #4: Our integrated clean power product represents something the market hasn't seen before: a fully pre-engineered power plant that combines a natural gas combined cycle with post-combustion carbon capture into a single standardized design.

Speaker #4: By working directly with IntraPiece, WSP, and our OEM partners to deliver modular, pre-engineered components, we will have systematically reduced the execution risk that is historically plagued first-of-kind projects.

Marc Horstman: The plant is entirely air-cooled, eliminating water dependency, which dramatically expands the addressable geography and significantly relaxes a traditional siting constraint. Because our product is built on commercially proven technology configured to a repeatable standard, we enter Project Permian with high confidence in performance, reliability, and availability. With each deployment, our design matures, our procurement leverage grows, and our cost curve improves. We're not building one plant, we're building a product. This is the product that will be deployed at our first project called Project Permian in West Texas. We passed our conceptual design review, CDR, and we're now working with WSP Engineering to advance the detailed design. Major equipment packages are progressing as well. We have the two modular gas turbine packages on order. Delivery is targeted for early 2028, and we're working through the commercial selection and structure of our EPC.

Speaker #4: The plant is entirely air-cooled, eliminating water dependency, which dramatically expands the addressable geography and significantly relaxes a traditional siting constraint. Because our product is built on commercially proven technology, configured to a repeatable standard, we enter Project Permian with high confidence in performance, reliability, and availability.

Speaker #4: And with each deployment, our design matures, our procurement leverage grows, and our cost curve improves. We're not building one plant—we're building a product.

Marc Horstman: This is the product that will be deployed at our first project called Project Permian in West Texas. We passed our conceptual design review, CDR, and we're now working with WSP Engineering to advance the detailed design. Major equipment packages are progressing as well. We have the two modular gas turbine packages on order. Delivery is targeted for early 2028, and we're working through the commercial selection and structure of our EPC.

Speaker #4: This is the product that will be deployed at our first project called Project Permian in West Texas. We passed our conceptual design review, CDR, and we're now working with WSP Engineering to advance the detailed design.

Speaker #4: Major equipment packages are progressing as well. We have the two modular gas turbine packages on order; delivery is targeted for early 2028, and we're working through the commercial selection and structure of our EPC.

Marc Horstman: The product design CDR milestone is a meaningful de-risking event because it confirms that the integrated system can be engineered to specification, and that our cost assumptions are grounded in real engineering, not just estimates. On the Entropy partnership, this is a critical work stream. Entropy is a global leader in solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture. Their technology has been deployed commercially in Canada at their Glacier facility, and we expect the Glacier Phase 2 commissioning this summer to provide real-world validation data for the performance assumptions underlying our clean power product. We are in the final stages of completing our joint development agreement with Entropy. We expect to finalize definitive agreements in Q2. Upon signing, NET Power will make a strategic equity investment in Entropy, and we will structure a joint venture for Project Permian, with Entropy co-investing.

Speaker #4: The product design CDR milestone is a meaningful de-risking event because it confirms that the integrated system can be engineered to specification and that our cost assumptions are grounded in real engineering, not just estimates.

Speaker #4: On the IntraPiece partnership, this is a critical workstream. IntraPiece is a global leader in solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture. Their technology has been deployed commercially in Canada at their Glacier facility.

Marc Horstman: Their technology has been deployed commercially in Canada at their Glacier facility, and we expect the Glacier Phase 2 commissioning this summer to provide real-world validation data for the performance assumptions underlying our clean power product. We are in the final stages of completing our joint development agreement with Entropy. We expect to finalize definitive agreements in Q2. Upon signing, NET Power will make a strategic equity investment in Entropy, and we will structure a joint venture for Project Permian, with Entropy co-investing.

Speaker #4: And we expect the Glacier Phase 2 commissioning this summer to provide real-world validation data for the performance assumptions underlying our clean power product. We are in the final stages of completing our joint development agreement with IntraPiece.

Speaker #4: We expect to finalize definitive agreements in Q2. Upon signing, NET Power will make a strategic equity investment in IntraPiece, and we will structure a joint venture for Project Permian with IntraPiece co-investing.

Marc Horstman: Securing Entropy as an equity partner, not just a technology licensor, is an important structural element of how we design this partnership because it aligns their incentives and performance directly with ours. I also want to spend a moment on product economics, because this is an area where I think the market may still be underappreciating what we put together. When you benchmark our integrated GT plus PCC solution in West Texas against every other clean firm power alternative, nuclear, geothermal, solar plus storage, our product is cost competitive across a wide range of capital cost and gas price assumptions. That's not a promotional statement. It's the output of rigorous independent benchmarking we've done. With West Texas gas prices and utilizing the 45Q EOR credit pathway, the LCOE of this plant is in range that makes sense for power buyers and delivers returns that make sense for equity investors.

Speaker #4: Securing IntraPiece as an equity partner, not just a technology licenser, is an important structural element of how we design this partnership, because it aligns the incentives and performance directly with ours.

Speaker #4: I also want to spend a moment on product economics, because this is an area where I think the market may still be underappreciating what we put together.

Marc Horstman: When you benchmark our integrated GT plus PCC solution in West Texas against every other clean firm power alternative, nuclear, geothermal, solar plus storage, our product is cost competitive across a wide range of capital cost and gas price assumptions. That's not a promotional statement. It's the output of rigorous independent benchmarking we've done. With West Texas gas prices and utilizing the 45Q EOR credit pathway, the LCOE of this plant is in range that makes sense for power buyers and delivers returns that make sense for equity investors.

Speaker #4: When you benchmark our integrated GT plus PCC solution in West Texas against every other clean firm power alternative, nuclear, geothermal, solar plus storage, our product is cost-competitive across a wide range of capital costs and gas price assumptions.

Speaker #4: That's not a promotional statement. It's the output of rigorous independent benchmarking we've done. With West Texas gas prices and utilizing the 45Q EOR credit pathway, the LCOE of this plant is in range that makes sense for power buyers and delivers returns that make sense for equity investors.

Marc Horstman: That's a combination that frankly, we weren't sure we'd be able to demonstrate when we started this process. We're much more confident in it now. On that note, I want to flag an important upgrade to the plant design that occurred through Q4. When we last spoke with you in November, the plant was configured for approximately 60 megawatts of net electrical output. Through our design efforts and product engineering with Entropy, we restructured the configuration and now approximately have 80 megawatts of net electrical output at roughly 33% increase in generation capacity from the same site footprint and roughly the same capital envelope. Equally important, the redesign also reduced performance risk on the carbon capture side. We now have higher confidence in the capture rate assumptions underlying the project economics. That's a meaningful step forward on both the revenue side and the risk profile of the project.

Speaker #4: That's a combination that, frankly, we weren't sure we'd be able to demonstrate when we started this process. We're much more confident in it now.

Speaker #4: On that note, I flag an important upgrade to the plant design that occurred through fourth quarter. When we last spoke with you in November, the plant was configured for approximately 60 megawatts of net electrical output.

Marc Horstman: Through our design efforts and product engineering with Entropy, we restructured the configuration and now approximately have 80 megawatts of net electrical output at roughly 33% increase in generation capacity from the same site footprint and roughly the same capital envelope. Equally important, the redesign also reduced performance risk on the carbon capture side. We now have higher confidence in the capture rate assumptions underlying the project economics. That's a meaningful step forward on both the revenue side and the risk profile of the project.

Speaker #4: Through our design efforts and product engineering with IntraPiece, we've restructured the configuration and now approximately have 80 megawatts of net electrical output—a roughly 33% increase in generation capacity from the same site footprint and roughly the same capital envelope.

Speaker #4: Equally important, the redesign also reduced performance risk on the carbon capture side. We now have higher confidence in the capture rate assumptions underlying the project economics.

Speaker #4: That's a meaningful step forward on both the revenue side and the risk profile of the project. Turning to slide six and path to our financial investment decision, our FID target is the second half of 2026.

Marc Horstman: Turning to slide six and path to our financial investment decision. Our FID target is the second half of 2026, with a targeted commercial operations date of early 2029. If we hit that date, Project Permian will be the first commercial natural gas plus CCUS project in the United States. That's a milestone that the industry and our customers will notice. To get to FID, there are four major work streams running in parallel right now. First, product and project engineering. We need to advance the detailed design to a point where we can execute our EPC contract and provide lenders with an independent engineer report they can stand behind. Second, long lead equipment commitments. There are line items that require commitments well before FID in order to protect the COD timeline.

Speaker #4: With a targeted commercial operations date of early 2029. If we hit that date, Project Permian will be the first commercial natural gas plus CCUS project in the United States.

Speaker #4: That's a milestone that the industry and our customers will notice. To get the FID, there are four major workstreams running in parallel right now.

Marc Horstman: To get to FID, there are four major work streams running in parallel right now. First, product and project engineering. We need to advance the detailed design to a point where we can execute our EPC contract and provide lenders with an independent engineer report they can stand behind. Second, long lead equipment commitments. There are line items that require commitments well before FID in order to protect the COD timeline.

Speaker #4: First, product and project engineering. We need to advance the detailed design to a point where we can execute our EPC contract, and provide lenders with an independent engineer report.

Speaker #4: They can stand behind. Second, long lead equipment commitments. There are line items that require commitments well before FID. In order to protect the COD timeline.

Marc Horstman: We're targeting approximately $50 million in pre-FID long lead commitments by mid-year, and we'll be coming back to update you on that as the year progresses. Third, project financing. We're in the process of selecting a financial advisor to run the project finance process, and we have engaged with prospective lenders and co-equity investors. The project economics are strong, and we believe Project Permian is financeable. The project is designed to meet the return thresholds required by institutional infrastructure investors. Fourth, offtake, which I'll cover on the next slide. It is important to note site control is in place. We have an executed ground lease with Oxy. Grid interconnection is progressing with Oncor, with a targeted interconnection date of Q4 2028. The basic project infrastructure is established. Turning to slide 7, the commercial picture. Securing offtake is the most important thing we'll do this year.

Speaker #4: We're targeting approximately $50 million in pre-FID long lead commitments by mid-year. I'll be coming back to update you on that as the year progresses.

Speaker #4: Third, project financing. We're in the process of selecting a financial advisor to run the project finance process. And we have engaged with prospective lenders and co-equity investors.

Speaker #4: The project economics are strong, and we believe Project Permian is financeable. The project is designed to meet the return thresholds required by institutional infrastructure investors.

Marc Horstman: The project is designed to meet the return thresholds required by institutional infrastructure investors. Fourth, offtake, which I'll cover on the next slide. It is important to note site control is in place. We have an executed ground lease with Oxy. Grid interconnection is progressing with Oncor, with a targeted interconnection date of Q4 2028. The basic project infrastructure is established. Turning to slide 7, the commercial picture. Securing offtake is the most important thing we'll do this year.

Speaker #4: Fourth, off-take. Which I'll cover on the next slide. And it is important to note, site control is in place. We have an executed ground lease with Oxy.

Speaker #4: Grid interconnection is progressing with Encore, with a targeted interconnection date of Q4 2028. The basic project infrastructure is established. Turning to slide seven, the commercial picture: securing off-take is the most important thing we'll do this year.

Marc Horstman: Let me give you a sense of where we stand. Our most advanced discussion is with Oxy, our site landlord and a natural commercial partner. Oxy takes the CO₂ offtake for enhanced oil recovery. That's the core of the EOR economics Danny described, and we are in active negotiation on the power purchase structure as well. Beyond Oxy, we have a growing pipeline of prospective offtake relationships across industrial, utility, and data center verticals. There are discussions progressing with a hyperscale data center developer in West Texas for a potential behind the meter arrangement that could be significantly larger than Permian phase one. On the order of 300 MW. The breadth of this pipeline validates the thesis that our market for clean, firm dispatchable power is real and growing. The conversations we're having today are categorically different from the conversations we were having even a year ago.

Speaker #4: Let me give you a sense of where we stand. Our most advanced discussion is with Oxy. Our site landlord is a natural commercial partner.

Speaker #4: Oxy takes the CO2 off-take for enhanced oil recovery. That's the core of the EOR economics Danny described. And we are an active negotiation on the power purchase structure as well.

Speaker #4: Beyond Oxy, we have a growing pipeline of prospective off-take relationships across industrial, utility, and data center verticals. There are discussions progressing with a hyperscale data center developer in West Texas for a potential behind-the-meter arrangement that could be significantly larger than Permian Phase 1.

Marc Horstman: There are discussions progressing with a hyperscale data center developer in West Texas for a potential behind the meter arrangement that could be significantly larger than Permian phase one. On the order of 300 MW. The breadth of this pipeline validates the thesis that our market for clean, firm dispatchable power is real and growing. The conversations we're having today are categorically different from the conversations we were having even a year ago.

Speaker #4: On the order of 300 megawatts. The breadth of this pipeline validates the thesis that our market for clean firm dispatchable power is real. And growing.

Speaker #4: The conversations we're having today are categorically different from the conversations we're having even a year ago. Customers are not asking us whether they need clean base load power.

Marc Horstman: Customers are not asking us whether they need clean baseload power. They're asking us how fast we can deliver it. Our goal for this year is to have a signed offtake agreement or MOU at pricing at or above $100 per megawatt-hour, which is the level that supports project bankability and delivers returns we believe are appropriate for the risk profile of a first-of-a-kind project. We're working hard to get there, and we expect to be able to share more on this front in coming quarters. Before I hand it back to Dan, I want to make one more point that I think is important context for how we've been thinking about the longer-term value of this site. Permian phase one is an 80-megawatt project, but this is not an 80-megawatt site.

Speaker #4: They're asking us how fast we can deliver it. Our goal for this year is to have a signed off-take agreement or MOU at pricing at or above $100 per megawatt-hour.

Speaker #4: Which is the level that supports project bankability and delivers returns we believe are appropriate for the risk profile of a first-of-a-kind project. We're working hard to get there.

Marc Horstman: We're working hard to get there, and we expect to be able to share more on this front in coming quarters. Before I hand it back to Dan, I want to make one more point that I think is important context for how we've been thinking about the longer-term value of this site. Permian phase one is an 80-megawatt project, but this is not an 80-megawatt site. This location with its land, its gas access, its CO₂ offtake infrastructure with Oxy and its interconnection, has the capacity to support a much larger power complex.

Speaker #4: And we expect to be able to share more on this front in coming quarters. Before I hand it back to Danny, I want to make one more point that I think is important context for how we've been thinking about the longer-term value of this site.

Speaker #4: Permian Phase 1 is an 80-megawatt project. But this is not an 80-megawatt site. This location, with its land, its gas access, its CO2 off-take infrastructure with Oxy, and its interconnection, has a capacity to support a much larger power complex.

Marc Horstman: This location with its land, its gas access, its CO₂ offtake infrastructure with Oxy and its interconnection, has the capacity to support a much larger power complex. We believe this single site can scale to approximately 800 megawatts as we replicate and expand the plant configuration. That means the infrastructure we're building, the relationships we're establishing, and the operational knowledge we're accumulating with Permian phase one are not just the foundation for one project. They're the foundation for what could become one of the largest clean, firm power campuses in the country. That scale potential is a meaningful part of how prospective customers and co-investors are evaluating this opportunity. Danny will say more about it. I'll hand it back to Danny.

Marc Horstman: We believe this single site can scale to approximately 800 megawatts as we replicate and expand the plant configuration. That means the infrastructure we're building, the relationships we're establishing, and the operational knowledge we're accumulating with Permian phase one are not just the foundation for one project. They're the foundation for what could become one of the largest clean, firm power campuses in the country. That scale potential is a meaningful part of how prospective customers and co-investors are evaluating this opportunity. Danny will say more about it. I'll hand it back to Danny.

Speaker #4: We believe the single site can scale to approximately 800 megawatts. As we replicate and expand the plant configuration, that means the infrastructure we're building, the relationships we're establishing, and the operational knowledge we're accumulating with Permian Phase 1 are not just the foundation for one project.

Speaker #4: They're the foundation for what could become one of the largest clean firm power campuses in the country. That scale potential is a meaningful part of how prospective customers and co-investors are evaluating this opportunity.

Speaker #4: And Danny will say more about it. I'll hand it back to Danny.

Danny Rice: Thanks, Marc. I want to cover two things before we open for questions. First is our financial position, and second is how we're thinking about the financing of Project Permian. Then we'll close with a few broader thoughts. We ended the Q4 with approximately $379 million in cash equivalents, and investments, which came in above our internal targets for the quarter. I think that really reflects the disciplined capital management through the transition. We wound down work streams that were no longer core. We right-sized our cost structure, and we kept our powder dry. We have the financial runway to execute the Permian phase one FID process deliberately. That matters when you're making a first of its kind investment decision.

Speaker #5: Thanks, Mark. So I want to cover two things before we open for questions. First is our financial position. And second is how we're thinking about the financing of Project Permian.

Speaker #5: And then we'll close with a few broader thoughts. So we ended the fourth quarter with approximately 370 of $9 million in cash, cash equivalents, and investments, which came in above our internal targets for the quarter.

Speaker #5: I think that really reflects the discipline capital management through the transition. We wound down workstreams that were no longer core. We right-sized our cost structure.

Danny Rice: We wound down work streams that were no longer core. We right-sized our cost structure, and we kept our powder dry. We have the financial runway to execute the Permian phase one FID process deliberately. That matters when you're making a first of its kind investment decision. On project financing, I want to give investors a clear picture of how we're thinking about this, because it's an important dimension of the Project Permian story. There are essentially three ways to fund a project like this. The first is 100% equity, which is we and our co-investors write the full check. No external debt. Simple, but it's very capital intensive.

Speaker #5: And we kept our powder dry. So we have the financial runway to execute the Permian Phase 1 FID process deliberately. And that matters when you're making a first of its kind investment decision.

Danny Rice: On project financing, I want to give investors a clear picture of how we're thinking about this, because it's an important dimension of the Project Permian story. There are essentially three ways to fund a project like this. The first is 100% equity, which is we and our co-investors write the full check. No external debt. Simple, but it's very capital intensive. The second option is equipment financing. A meaningful portion of this plant's components, particularly the power island, the gas turbines, the HRSG, the steam turbine, the electrical equipment. These are proven, commercially marketable assets that lenders understand well. You can finance against them, much like you'd finance a fleet of industrial equipment without requiring a full project finance structure. That gets the equity requirement down to roughly 75 to 80 cents on the dollar. Better, but we think we can do better still.

Speaker #5: On project financing, I want to give investors a clear picture of how we're thinking about this, because it's an important dimension of the Project Permian story.

Speaker #5: There are essentially three ways to fund a project like this. The first is 100% equity, which is we and our co-investors write the full check.

Speaker #5: No external capital—intensive. The second option is equipment financing. A meaningful portion of this plant's components, particularly the power island, the gas turbines, the HRSG, the steam turbine, the electric equipment—these are proven, commercially marketable assets that lenders understand well.

Danny Rice: The second option is equipment financing. A meaningful portion of this plant's components, particularly the power island, the gas turbines, the HRSG, the steam turbine, the electrical equipment. These are proven, commercially marketable assets that lenders understand well. You can finance against them, much like you'd finance a fleet of industrial equipment without requiring a full project finance structure. That gets the equity requirement down to roughly 75 to 80 cents on the dollar. Better, but we think we can do better still.

Speaker #5: You can finance against them much like you'd finance a fleet of industrial equipment without requiring the debt. Simple, but it's very full project finance structure.

Speaker #5: That gets the equity requirement down to roughly 75 to 80 cents on the dollar. Better, but we think we can do better still. The third path is full project financing.

Danny Rice: The third path is full project financing. Non-recourse debt secured against the project's long-term contracted cash flows. That's really what we're pursuing. If done right, project financing gets the equity requirement down to roughly 25 to 35 cents on the dollar. The difference in capital efficiency between option one, 100% equity finance, and option three, the project finance, is enormous. It's the difference between Project Permian phase one being a use of our balance sheet and being the launch of a capital efficient, scalable platform. Now, I'll be direct about where the work is. Post-combustion carbon capture at this scale on a US natural gas power project is new. PCC, it's a bit like the Loch Ness Monster. Everyone's heard about it, but project finance lenders haven't seen it operating in the wild in the US power sector before.

Speaker #5: Non-recourse debt secured against the project's long-term contracted cash flows. And that's really what we're pursuing. And if done right, project financing gets the equity requirement down to roughly 25 to 35 cents on the dollar.

Speaker #5: The difference in capital efficiency between option one—100% equity finance—and option three—the project finance—is enormous. And it's the difference between Project Permian Phase 1 being a use of our balance sheet and being the launch of a capital-efficient scalable platform.

Danny Rice: Now, I'll be direct about where the work is. Post-combustion carbon capture at this scale on a US natural gas power project is new. PCC, it's a bit like the Loch Ness Monster. Everyone's heard about it, but project finance lenders haven't seen it operating in the wild in the US power sector before. Entropy has been doing this commercially in Canada for years, so the technology itself is not speculative. Getting infrastructure lenders fully comfortable with PCC performance assumptions requires education. It requires data, and it requires some handholding.

Speaker #5: Now, I'll be direct about where the work is. Post-combustion carbon capture at this scale on a US natural gas power project is new. PCC—it's a bit like the Loch Ness Monster.

Speaker #5: Everyone's heard about it, but project finance lenders haven't seen it operating in the wild in the US power sector before. Entropy has been doing this commercially in Canada for years, so the technology itself is not speculative.

Danny Rice: Entropy has been doing this commercially in Canada for years, so the technology itself is not speculative. Getting infrastructure lenders fully comfortable with PCC performance assumptions requires education. It requires data, and it requires some handholding. That's part of the work ahead of us, and it's precisely why the Glacier Phase 2 commissioning that Entropy is doing this summer matters so much. Real operating data from a live commercial plant accelerates that conversation dramatically. The other piece that unlocks project financing is strong offtake. Creditworthy long-term power purchase agreements are what give lenders the cash flow certainty to underwrite the debt. Which is why, as Marc said, signing offtake is our single highest priority for the year. Marc's point about scale is really worth reinforcing because it directly informs the financing strategy.

Speaker #5: But getting infrastructure lenders fully comfortable with PCC performance assumptions requires education, it requires data, and it requires some hand-holding. So that's part of the work ahead of us.

Danny Rice: That's part of the work ahead of us, and it's precisely why the Glacier Phase 2 commissioning that Entropy is doing this summer matters so much. Real operating data from a live commercial plant accelerates that conversation dramatically. The other piece that unlocks project financing is strong offtake. Creditworthy long-term power purchase agreements are what give lenders the cash flow certainty to underwrite the debt. Which is why, as Marc said, signing offtake is our single highest priority for the year. Marc's point about scale is really worth reinforcing because it directly informs the financing strategy.

Speaker #5: And it's precisely why the Glacier 2 Phase 2 commissioning that Entropy is doing this summer matters so much. Real operating data from a live commercial plant accelerates that conversation dramatically.

Speaker #5: The other piece that unlocks project financing is strong off-take. Creditworthy, long-term power purchase agreements are what give lenders the cash flow certainty to underwrite the debt, which is why, as Mark said, signing off-take is our single highest priority for the year.

Speaker #5: And Mark's point about scale is really worth reinforcing. Because it directly informs the financing strategy. When a prospective lender or equity partner looks at Project Permian Phase 1 as the anchor of a $500 to $800 megawatt campus, they're not just evaluating a small first-of-its-kind project.

Danny Rice: When a prospective lender or equity partner looks at Project Permian Phase 1 as the anchor of a 500- to 800-MW campus, they're not just evaluating a small first-of-its-kind project. They're evaluating the first chapter of a major clean power platform in the fastest growing power market in the US. That framing changes the risk/reward conversation meaningfully. Every major data center developer we speak to is thinking in terms of GW, not MW. The fact that we have a site that can grow into that demand with established infrastructure and a proven operational model is genuinely differentiating. To close, the mission is clear, the strategy is decided, and the execution is underway. This year's milestones, the Entropy JDA, long lead equipment commitments, signed offtake, and project financing are what stands between us and FID.

Speaker #5: They're evaluating the first chapter of a major clean power platform in the fastest-growing power market in the US. That framing changes the risk-reward conversation meaningfully.

Speaker #5: Every major data center developer we speak to is thinking in terms of gigawatts, not megawatts. The fact that we have a site that can grow into that demand with established infrastructure and a proven operational model is genuinely differentiating.

Danny Rice: The fact that we have a site that can grow into that demand with established infrastructure and a proven operational model is genuinely differentiating. To close, the mission is clear, the strategy is decided, and the execution is underway. This year's milestones, the Entropy JDA, long lead equipment commitments, signed offtake, and project financing are what stands between us and FID. We're working every one of those work streams with urgency. We look forward to updating you on our progress in the quarters ahead. With that, let's open the line for questions. Turn it over to the operator.

Speaker #5: So to close, the mission is clear. The strategy is decided. And the execution is underway. This year's milestones: the Entropy JDA, long-lead equipment commitments, signed off-take, and project financing are what stands between us and FID.

Danny Rice: We're working every one of those work streams with urgency. We look forward to updating you on our progress in the quarters ahead. With that, let's open the line for questions. Turn it over to the operator.

Speaker #5: We're working every one of those workstreams with urgency. We look forward to updating you on our progress in the quarters ahead. But with that, let's open the line for questions.

Speaker #5: Turn it over to the operator.

Operator: Thank you. The floor is now open for questions. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad at this time. A confirmation tone will indicate that your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys. Again, that's star one to register a question at this time. Our first question is coming from Martin Malloy of Johnson Rice. Please go ahead.

Speaker #1: Thank you. The floor is now open for questions. If you would like to ask a question, please press *1 on your telephone keypad at this time.

Speaker #1: A confirmation tone will indicate that your line is in the question queue. You may press *2 if you would like to remove your question from the queue.

Speaker #1: For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the *keys. Again, that's *1 to register a question at this time.

Speaker #1: Our first question is coming from Martin Malloy of Johnson Rice. Please go ahead.

Martin Malloy: Good morning. Thank you for taking my questions. Just on the pricing on the offtake, I think you mentioned $100 a megawatt hour. Can you maybe give us some perspective out in that area, what the competitive landscape looks like?

Speaker #6: Good morning. Thank you for taking my questions. Just on the pricing on the off-take, I think you mentioned $100 a megawatt-hour. Can you maybe give us some perspective for out in that area what the competitive landscape looks like?

Danny Rice: Hey, Marty. It's Dan. Good to hear from you. Yeah, I think, I mean, it's really interesting. If you look at just kind of what's transpired over the course of the last few years, we've certainly seen prices start to move up, not just on the merchant side of ERCOT. You know, I think, if you go back a couple of years or shoot, you go back 12 months and you look at what's the forward curve sort of suggesting power prices in ERCOT are gonna be. You know, if you went back last year or the year before last and you looked at the strip for 2028, 2029, 2030, that forward curve was at $40 to $45 per MWh. If you look at that curve with where it is now, you're talking about $65 to $70.

Speaker #7: Hey, Marty. It's Danny. Good to hear from you. Yeah, I think—I mean, it's really interesting. If you look at just kind of what's transpired over the course of the last few years, we've certainly seen prices start to move up, not just on the merchant side.

Speaker #7: Of ERCOT. I think if you go back a couple of years or shoot, you go back 12 months and you look at what's the forward curve sort of suggesting power prices in ERCOT are going to be.

Danny Rice: You know, if you went back last year or the year before last and you looked at the strip for 2028, 2029, 2030, that forward curve was at $40 to $45 per MWh. If you look at that curve with where it is now, you're talking about $65 to $70. This is just merchant unabated. You know, this is just power from the grid. You've seen almost an 80% increase in just wholesale power prices in West Texas, you know, towards the end of this decade, which is when this plant's gonna come online.

Speaker #7: If you went back last year or the year before last and you looked at the strip for '28, '29, '30, that forward curve was at $40, $45 per megawatt-hour.

Speaker #7: And if you look at that curve with where it is now, you're talking about 65 to 70 dollars. And this is just merchant unabated.

Danny Rice: This is just merchant unabated. You know, this is just power from the grid. You've seen almost an 80% increase in just wholesale power prices in West Texas, you know, towards the end of this decade, which is when this plant's gonna come online. That's sort of like what's actually there on the commercial merchant side. I think where things are really interesting is if you're looking at where power prices are for new contracted capacity for firm delivery, which means potential co-located, in ignoring the clean piece. You know, we're hearing chatter of those conversations north of $100 per megawatt hour if you're trying to get new capacity online before the end of this decade.

Speaker #7: This is just power from the grid. So you've seen almost an 80% increase in just wholesale power prices in West Texas towards the end of this decade, which is when this plant's going to come online.

Danny Rice: That's sort of like what's actually there on the commercial merchant side. I think where things are really interesting is if you're looking at where power prices are for new contracted capacity for firm delivery, which means potential co-located, in ignoring the clean piece. You know, we're hearing chatter of those conversations north of $100 per megawatt hour if you're trying to get new capacity online before the end of this decade.

Speaker #7: So that's sort of like what's actually there on the commercial merchant side. I think where things are really interesting is you're looking at if you're looking at where power prices are for new contracted capacity for firm delivery, which means potential co-located and ignoring the clean piece, we're hearing chatter of those conversations north of $100 per megawatt-hour if you're trying to get new capacity online before the end of this decade.

Danny Rice: I think that really reflects the importance of reliability, of speed, and I think equally important of the scale piece. I think what we haven't seen in the market is what are people willing to pay if it's fast, if it's scalable, if it's reliable, and it's lower carbon intensity. That's a market that just hasn't yet been established, and I think we're gonna be the first solution out there that establishes what that market is. I think the really compelling piece for us is, you know, compared to where we were at on the oxy-combustion and you needed a power price well north of $130, $150 per MWh to be able to make the math pencil out.

Speaker #7: I think that really reflects the importance of reliability, of speed, and I think equally important of the scale piece. I think what we haven't seen in the market is what are people willing to pay if it's fast, if it's scalable, if it's reliable, and it's lower carbon intensity.

Speaker #7: That's a market that just hasn't yet been established. And I think we're going to be the first solution out there that establishes what that market is.

Speaker #7: I think the really compelling piece for us is compared to where we were at on the ox combustion and you needed a power price well north of $130, $150 per megawatt-hour to be able to make the math pencil out.

Danny Rice: That's not a price point we need for this clean gas solution with Entropy. I'll just say, like, I think we're gonna be in that ZIP code where it's a compelling price for the counterparty and it's a compelling price for us that pencils out on project economics both on the equity side but also on being able to support project finance on the debt side.

Speaker #7: That's not a price point we need before this clean gas solution with Entropy. So all to say, I think we're going to be in that zip code where it's a compelling price for the counterparty and it's a compelling price for us that pencils out on Project Economics.

Speaker #7: Both on the equity side, but also on being able to support Project Finance on the debt side.

Martin Malloy: Okay. That's helpful. For my follow-up question, just wanted to ask about the potential for government support on the financing side. Anything to maybe mention there regarding the DOE?

Speaker #6: Okay. That's helpful. And then for my follow-up question, just wanted to ask about the potential for government support on the financing side. Anything to maybe mention there regarding the DOE?

Danny Rice: Yeah. I mean, I won't get into any of the specifics, but I think, you know, if you look at what this administration is really pushing for and what they're really encouraging, it's really shoring up domestic energy supply, and that goes across the board. That's not just for fossil, it's for anything from rare earth metals. Certainly, as you look at just oil and gas and the importance that they both play in terms of just national energy security, those two are at the top of the list.

Speaker #7: Yeah. I mean, I'm all keen into any of the specifics, but I think if you look at what this administration is really pushing for and what they're really encouraging, it's really shoring up domestic energy supply.

Speaker #7: And that goes across the board. That's not just for fossil. That's for anything from rare earth metals but certainly as you look at just oil and gas and the importance that they both play in terms of just national energy security.

Danny Rice: If you look at solutions that align with this administration, solutions that can utilize domestic energy supply, unlock new domestic energy supply, help firm up the grid, help bring down grid prices from where they're trending, and can do so in a responsible way for the environment, that's ultimately something that this administration is highly supportive of. I think everybody on the call would agree with that. The interesting thing about this solution where we're using domestic natural gas, super low cost natural gas to firm up the grid in a really scalable way that enables both the AI build-out that is an existential threat if we don't win, while at the same time boosting domestic oil production, there's very few solutions.

Speaker #7: Those two are at the top of the list. And so if you look at solutions that align with this administration, solutions that can utilize domestic energy supply unlock new domestic energy supply, help firm up the grid, help bring down grid prices from where they're trending, and can do so in a responsible way for the environment, that's ultimately something that this administration is highly supportive of.

Danny Rice: The interesting thing about this solution where we're using domestic natural gas, super low cost natural gas to firm up the grid in a really scalable way that enables both the AI build-out that is an existential threat if we don't win, while at the same time boosting domestic oil production, there's very few solutions.

Speaker #7: And I think everybody on the call would agree with that. The interesting thing about this solution where we're using domestic natural gas super low-cost natural gas to firm up the grid in a really, really scalable way that enables both the AI build-out that is an existential threat if we don't win, while at the same time boosting domestic oil production, there's very few solutions actually, there's zero solutions in the world that are trying to do that right now.

Danny Rice: Actually, there's zero solutions in the world that are trying to do that right now. We are trying to do that right now because we think it's the right thing for the country, we think it's the right thing for consumers, and we think it's the right thing for the shareholders. This solution really does align with this administration. Certainly that does become something that I would say the government's not just potentially supportive of on a verbal piece, but I think potentially on a financial piece, whether it's grants, whether it's loans, it's gonna be a pathway that we pursue because this is probably one of the few solutions that fully aligns in a very comprehensive way across all of the energy solutions that this administration wants to see succeed.

Speaker #7: We are trying to do that right now because we think it's the right thing for the country. We think it's the right thing for consumers.

Speaker #7: And we think it's the right thing for the shareholders. And so, this solution really does align with this administration. And so, certainly, that does become something that I would say the government's not just potentially supportive of.

Danny Rice: Certainly that does become something that I would say the government's not just potentially supportive of on a verbal piece, but I think potentially on a financial piece, whether it's grants, whether it's loans, it's gonna be a pathway that we pursue because this is probably one of the few solutions that fully aligns in a very comprehensive way across all of the energy solutions that this administration wants to see succeed.

Speaker #7: On a verbal piece, but I think potentially on a financial piece—whether it's grants, whether it's loans—it's going to be a pathway that we pursue, because this is probably one of the few solutions that fully aligns, in a very comprehensive way, across all of the energy solutions that this administration wants to see succeed.

Marc Horstman: Great. Thank you. That was very helpful. I'll turn it back.

Martin Malloy: Great. Thank you. That was very helpful. I'll turn it back.

Speaker #6: Great. Thank you. That was very helpful. I'll turn it back.

Danny Rice: Thanks, Marty.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question is coming from Wade Suki of Capital One. Please go ahead.

Speaker #7: Thanks, Marty.

Speaker #8: Thank you. Our next question is coming from Wade Suki of Capital One. Please go ahead.

Wade Suki: Good morning, everyone. Appreciate y'all taking my questions. Just real quickly, just to expand a little bit on Marty's question on Project Permian, could you give us an updated sense for, you know, project costs, total project costs there?

Speaker #9: Good morning, everyone. Appreciate y'all taking my questions. Just real quickly on just to expand a little bit on Marty's question on Project Permian, could you give us an updated sense for project costs, total project costs there?

Danny Rice: Yeah, we can give you some, like, rough numbers on sort of what we're seeing right now. Wade, I'll turn it over to Mark to give you some of his approach to it.

Speaker #7: Yeah, we can give you some rough numbers on sort of what we're seeing right now. Wade, I'll turn it over to Marc to give you some of his approach to it.

Marc Horstman: Yeah, Wade, hi, Marc Horstman. Just a little bit of background. In the last couple of months, we've gone from, you know, call it the conceptual design of the product. You know, as we continue to work with Entropy, we've worked with an EPC and then also major OEM vendors to really spec out and understand the overall plant design. As you know, there's a lot of many factors that go into play relative to the TIC itself and then also relative to, call it, the competitiveness of the LCOE. Right now, we're sitting in, and we just, as I stated, passed through the conceptual design phase.

Speaker #6: Yeah. Wade, hi. Mark Horstman. So just a little bit of background. In the last couple of months, we've gone from, call it, the conceptual through the conceptual design of the product.

Speaker #6: And as we continue to work with Entropy, we've worked with an EPC and then also major OEM vendors to really spec out and understand the overall plant design.

Speaker #6: So, as you know, there are a lot of—many, many factors that come into play relative to the TIC itself, and then also relative to the—call it—the competitiveness of the LCOE.

Speaker #6: Right now, we're sitting, and we just, as I stated, passed through the conceptual design phase. We're sitting from a range of, call it, the upper 400s to the lower—or to the upper 500s.

Marc Horstman: You know, we're sitting from a range of, you know, call it the upper 400s to the upper 500s. Call it 475 to 575 is what we're looking for as a range. That range supports obviously the economics that we talked about in the presentation today. I think it's worthwhile noting as we advance through the design ahead of FID, this will allow us to achieve that pre-engineered project, which will give us a firmer view on cost as we move forward.

Speaker #6: So, call it 475 to 575 is what we're looking for as a range. And that range supports, obviously, the economics that we talked about in the presentation today.

Speaker #6: I think it's worthwhile noting, as we advance through the design ahead of FID, this will allow us to achieve that pre-engineered project, which will give us a—call it—a firmer view on cost as we move forward.

Marc Horstman: I can tell you that, you know, as we look at our overall design and our product solution, you know, the risk around that product solution, at least the risks that are out of our control is, you know, as Danny has mentioned around the AI race and, you know, around the speed to power, those risks around OEM pricing and what that does or what it doesn't do is something that we're gonna be looking at closely. As we stated, we're in a pretty good position right now because we've secured the gas turbines and the gas turbine packages, and we look to begin to secure some of the other long lead equipment this summer, even in advance of FID.

Speaker #6: I can tell you that as we look at our overall design and our product, solution, the risk around that product solution - at least the risks that are out of our control - is as Danny has mentioned around the AI race and around the speed to power, those risks around OEM pricing and what that does or what it doesn't do is something that we're going to be looking at closely.

Speaker #6: As we stated, we're in a pretty good position right now because we've secured the gas turbines and the gas turbine packages. And we look to begin to secure some of the other long-lead equipment this summer, even in advance of FID.

Danny Rice: Wade, to add a little bit to that, on the CapEx piece. The CapEx is a little bit higher than what we were projecting before. I think some of that is inflationary in nature, where I think people are expecting. I think some of it is design changes. You know, Mark talked about us being able to boost the capacity of the facility from 60MW to 80MW. There's CapEx associated with that. All of that, at the end of the day, is really intended to really drive down the LCOE. I think when we look at things on an LCOE basis, they're sort of still in that same range.

Speaker #9: Yeah. Wade, and to add a little bit to that, on the CapEx piece, the CapEx is a little bit higher than what we were projecting before.

Speaker #9: I think some of that is inflationary in nature, where I think people are expecting I think some of it is design changes. Mark talked about us being able to boost the capacity of the facility from 60 megawatts to 80 megawatts.

Speaker #9: So there's CapEx associated with that. But all of that, at the end of the day, was really intended to really drive down the LCOE.

Speaker #9: So, I think when we look at things on an LCOE basis, they’re sort of still in that same range. I think what’s really helpful to understand is: how does CapEx of the facility translate into equity needs of the project?

Danny Rice: I think what's really helpful to understand is, you know, how does CapEx of the facility translate into equity needs of the project? Because I think at the end of the day, that's where the rubber really meets the road, what is our equity share of the capital spend gonna be? If you're in that, call it like $550 million range, and we're able to get this thing fully contracted on the PPA side, on the offtake, you know, we're in a really good position to be able to secure project financing, which would be around 65% of the total capital spend. That's around, you know, $350 million of debt.

Speaker #9: Because I think at the end of the day, that's where the rubber really meets the road is what is our equity share of the capital spend going to be?

Speaker #9: And so if you're in that, call it, 550 million dollar range, and you're able to do we're able to get this thing fully contracted on the PPA side, on the offtake, we should be in a really good position to be able to secure project financing, which would be around 65% of the total capital spend.

Speaker #9: So that's around 350 million dollars of debt. And so then that leaves an equity plug of 200 million dollars. And that's a 200 million dollar equity check that would be assuming Entropy and Brookfield participate alongside us for their equity share of the project.

Danny Rice: That leaves an equity plug of $200 million, and that's a $200 million equity check that would be, you know, assuming Entropy and Brookfield participate alongside us for their equity share of the project. You know, we would be at around $100 million, $105 million for our equity share of that first project. We certainly have the capital on our balance sheet to be able to fund that. We're sitting in a pretty good position. Again, it requires, you know, those two things to come into place, the PPA and certainly securing the project financing as we get through this year.

Speaker #9: We would be at around $100 million, $105 million for our equity share of that first project. We certainly have the capital on our balance sheet to be able to fund that.

Speaker #9: So we're sitting in a pretty good position. But again, it requires those two things to come into place: the PPA and certainly securing the project financing as we get through this year.

Wade Suki: That's really helpful. Thank you so much. The second question, I might have missed it in the presentation, just, you know, I always ask you about the commercial pipeline. I might have missed it, but is there any update on the MISO project or even beyond MISO? Or are you just focused on Project Permian for now?

Speaker #9: Fantastic. That's really helpful. Thank you so much. The second question I might have missed it in the presentation. Just I always ask you about kind of the commercial pipeline.

Speaker #9: I might have missed it, but is there any update on the MISO project or even beyond MISO? Or are you just focused on Project Permian for now?

Danny Rice: Yeah, I think we're we really have the horse blinders on a little bit on West Texas, West Texas in general, with a specific focus on the first project, on that one site that, you know, I think when you look at the slide, you know, it's the first phase of that is this 80-megawatt project that Mark described in pretty good detail. But you know, as you can see on that slide, that's a site that can accommodate 800 megawatts. So that's a pretty sizable block for clean firm power. So that area is the focus right now. I think when you look at just the economics and where we can generate the lowest cost clean firm power, that is ground zero for it.

Speaker #7: Yeah, I think we really have the horse blinders on a little bit on West Texas—West Texas in general—with the specific focus on the first project, on that one site. I think when you look at the slide, the first phase of that is this 80-megawatt project that Marc described in pretty good detail.

Speaker #7: But as you can see on that slide, that's the site that can accommodate 800 megawatts. So that's a pretty sizable block for clean-firm power.

Speaker #7: So that area is the focus right now. I think when you look at just the economics and where we can generate the lowest cost clean-firm power, that is ground zero for it.

Danny Rice: Certainly more so than MISO. You know, we still have optionality around that MISO site. I think everybody saw, you know, we disclosed, you know, we pulled out of the MISO queue late last year because of just rising costs of what the interconnect was going to be. It just didn't make sense for us to put that capital into MISO when we continue to see such great opportunities to reallocate that money to West Texas. The focus really for the foreseeable future is going to be on the West Texas opportunity. I would say a lot of it is economic driven. I would say, like, the other part is it's just opportunity driven.

Speaker #7: Certainly more so than MISO. We still have optionality around that MISO site. I think everybody saw we disclosed we pulled out of the MISO queue late last year.

Speaker #7: Because of just rising costs of what the interconnector was going to be, it just didn't make sense for us to put that capital into MISO when we continue to see such great opportunities to reallocate those money to West Texas.

Danny Rice: The focus really for the foreseeable future is going to be on the West Texas opportunity. I would say a lot of it is economic driven. I would say, like, the other part is it's just opportunity driven. The opportunities that we're going to see in West Texas that we're seeing right now are worthy of us spending as much of our time there as possible.

Speaker #7: So the focus really for the foreseeable future is going to be on the West Texas opportunity. And I would say a lot of it is economic-driven.

Speaker #7: And I would say the other part is it's just opportunity-driven. The opportunities that we're going to see in West Texas, that we're seeing right now, are worthy of us spending as much of our time there as possible.

Danny Rice: The opportunities that we're going to see in West Texas that we're seeing right now are worthy of us spending as much of our time there as possible.

Wade Suki: That's great. Thank you very much. Appreciate it.

Speaker #9: That's great. Thank you very much. Appreciate it.

Operator: Thank you. The next question is coming from Noel Parks of Tuohy Brothers. Please go ahead.

Speaker #1: Thank you. The next question is coming from Noel Parks of TUI Brothers. Please go ahead.

Noel Parks: Hi. Good morning. You know, one thing I was interested in was just clearly you've been talking with these different potential customers around offtake. I'm just wondering if you could kind of characterize the partners you're talking with around why they're particularly interested in the NET Power solution as opposed to the handful of other often also gas-related type generation options they might have.

Speaker #8: Hi. Good morning. One thing I was interested in was just to be you've been talking with these different potential customers around outtake. I'm just wondering if you could kind of characterize the parties you're talking with around why they're particularly interested in the net power solution as opposed to the handful of other often also gas-related type generation options they might have.

Danny Rice: Yeah. Hey, Noel. It's Danny. I'll take a first crack at that, and Mark can certainly fill in all the holes. I think you know the reality of just the situation that we have at hand today is, and maybe it's worth stepping back and sort of just reviewing kind of what's transpired over the last 3 to 4 years. You know, 3 to 4 years ago, I think the world and certainly you know the broader tech community was thinking We don't need new natural gas power generation. We'll be able to go to nuclear, we'll be able to go to renewables, we're going to have battery storage. We don't need to build new natural gas power generation. We'll eventually be able to find a way to decarbonize without it. I think our

Speaker #7: Yeah. Hey, Noel. It's Danny. I'll take a first crack at that. And Mark can certainly fill in all of the holes. I think the reality of just the situation that we have at hand today is, and maybe it's worth stepping back and sort of just reviewing kind of what's transpired over the last three to four years.

Speaker #7: Three, four years ago, I think the world, and certainly the broader tech community, was thinking, "We don't need new natural gas power generation. We'll be able to go to nuclear.

Danny Rice: We don't need to build new natural gas power generation. We'll eventually be able to find a way to decarbonize without it. I think our I think NET Power's singular, you know, mission has always been, you know, the best way to decarbonize is actually just to capture the CO₂, not to try to move away from natural gas, but continue to lean into natural gas and just with new technologies, find ways to capture it, just given how low cost natural gas power generation is.

Speaker #7: We'll be able to go to renewables. We're going to have battery storage. We don't need to build new natural gas power generation. We'll eventually be able to find a way to decarbonize without it. I think, and I think NET Power's singular mission has always been: the best way to decarbonize is actually to just capture the CO2—not to try to move away from natural gas, but to continue to lean into natural gas and, with new technologies, find ways to capture it.

Danny Rice: I think NET Power's singular, you know, mission has always been, you know, the best way to decarbonize is actually just to capture the CO₂, not to try to move away from natural gas, but continue to lean into natural gas and just with new technologies, find ways to capture it, just given how low cost natural gas power generation is. That mission has always been there. I think the thing that's really interesting now is you fast-forward to where we are today, and I think everybody's just accepted that there's no way we're going to be able to meet this load growth without new natural gas power generation.

Speaker #7: Just given how low-cost natural gas power generation is. So that mission has always been there. I think the thing that's really interesting now is you fast forward to where we are today, and I think everybody's just accepted that there's no way we're going to be able to meet this load growth without new natural gas power generation.

Danny Rice: That mission has always been there. I think the thing that's really interesting now is you fast-forward to where we are today, and I think everybody's just accepted that there's no way we're going to be able to meet this load growth without new natural gas power generation. It is a little bit of a conflict in a way. There's this maybe some reluctance to be able to use natural gas, but they need to embrace it, otherwise they're not going to win.

Danny Rice: It is a little bit of a conflict in a way. There's this maybe some reluctance to be able to use natural gas, but they need to embrace it, otherwise they're not going to win. They're not going to be able to build the data centers. They're not going to win the AI race. They're not going to be relevant, because somebody else will do it. I think everybody has fully embraced natural gas for what it is, which is the most reliable, most scalable, most affordable form of energy for power generation in history. Everybody sees natural gas as the foundation of being able to win the AI race, to be able to meet the load growth that we're seeing across the entire electricity system.

Speaker #7: So it is a little bit of a conflict in a way of we don't there's this maybe some reluctance to be able to use natural gas, but they need to embrace it.

Danny Rice: They're not going to be able to build the data centers. They're not going to win the AI race. They're not going to be relevant, because somebody else will do it. I think everybody has fully embraced natural gas for what it is, which is the most reliable, most scalable, most affordable form of energy for power generation in history. Everybody sees natural gas as the foundation of being able to win the AI race, to be able to meet the load growth that we're seeing across the entire electricity system.

Speaker #7: Otherwise, they're not going to win. They're not going to be able to build a data center. So they're not going to win the AI race.

Speaker #7: They're not going to be relevant because somebody else will do it. And so I think everybody has fully embraced natural gas for what it is, which is the most reliable, most scalable, most affordable form of energy for power generation in history.

Speaker #7: And so everybody sees natural gas as the foundation of being able to win the AI race, to be able to meet the load growths that we're seeing across the entire electricity system.

Danny Rice: How do you do that in a way while still not totally conceding your environmental goals? You need to find ways to be able to introduce new technologies that decarbonize. I think it is quite remarkable. While I think there is this absolute focus on speed to power that is absolutely paramount, I think the opportunity that we see is can we introduce decarbonizing natural gas solutions that don't compromise on speed to power and to a certain extent don't compromise on affordability of the power, while still giving them the reliability that they come to expect from natural gas power generation. Those sort of three key characteristics is what Marc and the team have been designing around. It's the speed piece, it's the reliability piece, and it's the certainty of capture.

Speaker #7: And so, how do you view that in a way while still not totally conceding your environmental goals? You need to find ways to be able to introduce new technologies that decarbonize.

Speaker #7: And I think it is quite remarkable. Well, I think there is this absolute focus on speed to power that is absolutely paramount. I think the opportunity that we see is, can we introduce decarbonizing natural gas solutions that don't compromise on speed to power and to a certain extent don't compromise on affordability of the power?

Speaker #7: While still giving them the reliability that they come to expect from natural gas power generation. So those sort of three key characteristics is what Mark and the team have been designing around.

Danny Rice: Those sort of three key characteristics is what Marc and the team have been designing around. It's the speed piece, it's the reliability piece, and it's the certainty of capture.That's certainly one of the reasons why, you know, we've partnered up with the Entropy folks. They're really the only proven PCC solution that's been operating in the wild for the last few years, and they have great experience there. They understand how to do it.

Speaker #7: It's the speed piece. It's the reliability piece. And it's the certainty of capture. And that's certainly one of the reasons why we've partnered up with the entropy folks is they're really the only proven PCC solution that's been operating in the wild for the last few years.

Danny Rice: That's certainly one of the reasons why, you know, we've partnered up with the Entropy folks. They're really the only proven PCC solution that's been operating in the wild for the last few years, and they have great experience there. They understand how to do it. When you pair that up with the availability of gas turbines, which they are available, I think we've demonstrated that because we've secured a handful of them so far for the first project, all of a sudden you're in a place where we can deliver the same sort of speed that you'd come to expect from anybody else that was going to build an unabated gas power plant. I think the proposition is fairly straightforward.

Speaker #7: And they have great experience there. They understand how to do it. And when you pair that up with the availability of gas turbines, which they are available, and I think we've demonstrated that because we've secured a handful of them so far for the first project, all of a sudden, you're in a place where we can deliver the same sort of speed that you'd come to expect from anybody else that was going to build an unabated gas power plant.

Danny Rice: When you pair that up with the availability of gas turbines, which they are available, I think we've demonstrated that because we've secured a handful of them so far for the first project, all of a sudden you're in a place where we can deliver the same sort of speed that you'd come to expect from anybody else that was going to build an unabated gas power plant. I think the proposition is fairly straightforward.

Speaker #7: So I think the proposition is fairly straightforward. You can have the speed to power. You can have the reliability of the power. On the same timeline, you would from an unabated gas power plant.

Danny Rice: You can have the speed to power, you can have the reliability of the power on the same timeline you would from an unabated gas power plant. Now you can do it with 90% carbon capture, which essentially means 90% lower emissions than you would get from the unabated version. I think there's going to be places where you won't be able to do the capture, which is most of the United States. Shoot, when you're in a place like West Texas, where we are, and we have a strategic partnership with Oxy, who has been a leader in CO₂ sequestration for the last couple decades. And needs as much CO₂ as they can possibly get their hands on for EOR. It creates a pretty compelling setup where this isn't just a pathway to do a single project, a one-off project.

Speaker #7: But now you can do it with 90% carbon capture, which essentially means 90% lower emissions than you would get from the unabated version. So I think there's going to be places where you won't be able to do the capture.

Speaker #7: Which is most of the United States. But shoot, when you're in a place like West Texas, where we are, and we have a strategic partnership with Oxy, who has been a leader in CO2 sequestration for the last couple of decades, and needs as much CO2 as they can possibly get their hands on for EOR, it creates a pretty compelling setup where this isn't just a pathway to do a single project, a one-off project.

Danny Rice: And needs as much CO₂ as they can possibly get their hands on for EOR. It creates a pretty compelling setup where this isn't just a pathway to do a single project, a one-off project. It really is the project that becomes the cornerstone of many gigawatts of potential clean gas power that we can install in West Texas, you know, over the next 5 to 7 years. The speed piece, the scale piece, the reliability piece, all of it's there. You just get the added benefit of the clean piece that I think everybody at the end of the day is trying to figure out how are we going to do that, knowing that we're going to have to build a lot of natural gas power generation over the next decade.

Danny Rice: It really is the project that becomes the cornerstone of many gigawatts of potential clean gas power that we can install in West Texas, you know, over the next 5 to 7 years. The speed piece, the scale piece, the reliability piece, all of it's there. You just get the added benefit of the clean piece that I think everybody at the end of the day is trying to figure out how are we going to do that, knowing that we're going to have to build a lot of natural gas power generation over the next decade.

Speaker #7: It really is the projects that become the cornerstone of many gigawatts of potential clean gas power that we can install in West Texas over the next five to seven years.

Speaker #7: So the speed piece, the scale piece, the reliability piece, all of it's there. You just get the added benefit of the clean piece that I think everybody at the end of the day is trying to figure out how are we going to do that, knowing that we're going to have to build a lot of natural gas power generation over the next decade.

Noel Parks: Great. Thanks a lot. You know, what you were discussing just now sort of brings to mind something I have heard some of the other alternative generation technology vendors talk about, and that's regarding contract terms with, for example, data center hyperscaler customers. It's a saying that issues of timeliness, of course, are top of mind, issues of price. You know, there's so much urgency that it's not that that's totally on the back burner, but certainly you know, the urgency surge does seem to be swamping prices to some degree.

Speaker #1: Great, thanks a lot. And what you were suggesting now sort of brings to mind something I've heard some of the other alternatives that generation technology vendors talk about.

Speaker #1: And that's that regarding contract terms with, for example, DSN or hyperscaler customers. There's a saying that issues of timeliness, of course, are top of mind.

Speaker #1: Issues of price there's so much urgency that it's not that that's totally in the back burner, but certainly, it's the urgency does seem to be swamping price to some degree.

Noel Parks: One wrinkle I've heard a company talk about is that as far as agreement duration, they are seeing some focus on, in the event that a behind the meter project for a power project for a data center. In the event that an interconnection becomes available, say, 5 years down the road, that the customers are giving a lot of thought to what would that look like, the opportunity to connect to the grid with the technology that they have. Of course, the stability and interruptibility issues that gas addresses will still be very much a high priority, but there is possibly sort of a transition point ahead, you know, looking out to that horizon.

Speaker #1: But one wrinkle I've heard a company talk about is that as far as agreement duration, that there they are seeing some focus on in the event that a behind-the-meter project, for a power project for a data center, in the event that an interconnection becomes available, say, five years down the road, that they the customers are giving a lot of thought to what would that look like, the opportunity to connect to the grid with the technology that they have.

Noel Parks: In the event that an interconnection becomes available, say, 5 years down the road, that the customers are giving a lot of thought to what would that look like, the opportunity to connect to the grid with the technology that they have. Of course, the stability and interruptibility issues that gas addresses will still be very much a high priority, but there is possibly sort of a transition point ahead, you know, looking out to that horizon. I'm just wondering if that's something that had come up in your discussions?

Speaker #1: Of course, the stability and interruptibility issues that gas addresses will still be very much a high priority, but there's possibly sort of a transition point ahead, looking out to that horizon.

Noel Parks: I'm just wondering if that's something that had come up in your discussions?

Speaker #1: So I just wonder if that's something that had come up in your discussions.

Danny Rice: Yeah. You're talking about the transition from behind the meter or fully islanded to eventually being grid connected, right?

Speaker #2: Yeah. You're talking about the transition from behind-the-meter or fully islanded to eventually being grid-connected, right?

Noel Parks: Yeah, the option emerging of you know they've been in the queue for half a decade, and finally it's within sight that the interconnect may be possible. They're just thinking about how to you know how and to what degree to sort of integrate into the grid then.

Speaker #1: Yeah. The option. Emerging of they've been in the queue for half a decade. And finally, it's within sight that the interconnect may be possible.

Speaker #1: And they're just thinking about how to how and to what degree to sort of integrate into the grid then.

Danny Rice: Yeah. No, I think it's fairly widely known that, you know, the sort of reliability that a lot of these, you know, large campuses need, like the reliabilities need to be extremely high. You're talking about whether it's 3 nines or 5 nines reliability. That's something you can typically get from the grid, which is why the grid becomes an ideal place to want to get your power from. I think a lot of these behind the meter solutions, if you're designing it right, you can achieve the same sort of 3 nines or 5 nines reliability. You certainly cannot do it with like a single large frame gas turbine or two large frame gas turbines. You won't be able to get there. You really need to fill in all the holes.

Speaker #2: Yeah, no, I think—yeah, I think it's fairly widely known that the sort of reliability that a lot of these large compute campuses need—the reliability needs to be extremely high.

Speaker #2: You're talking about whether it's 3.9s or 5.9s reliability. That's something you can typically get from the grid, which is why the grid becomes an ideal place to want to get your power from.

Speaker #2: I think a lot of these behind-the-meter solutions, if you're designing it right, you can achieve the same sort of 3.9s or 5.9s reliability. You certainly cannot do it with a single large-frame gas be able to get there.

Danny Rice: You certainly cannot do it with like a single large frame gas turbine or two large frame gas turbines. You won't be able to get there. You really need to fill in all the holes. You know, this is something that's really in Marc's swim lane. Maybe I'll let Marc talk a little bit about sort of what that behind the meter sort of configuration looks like.

Danny Rice: You know, this is something that's really in Marc's swim lane. Maybe I'll let Marc talk a little bit about sort of what that behind the meter sort of configuration looks like. I would just say what we're designing is really compatible with both sort of applications. Like, we could put this power onto the grid and sell it through a virtual PPA or in front of the meter PPA. We can also do the behind the meter solution, which is sort of the fastest go to market for a lot of the potential customers today who want to skip the interconnect altogether. Marc, do you wanna add some color to that one?

Speaker #2: You really need to fill in all the holes, but this is something that's really in Marc's swim lane. So maybe I'll let Marc talk a little bit about sort of what that behind-the-meter sort of configuration looks like.

Danny Rice: I would just say what we're designing is really compatible with both sort of applications. Like, we could put this power onto the grid and sell it through a virtual PPA or in front of the meter PPA. We can also do the behind the meter solution, which is sort of the fastest go to market for a lot of the potential customers today who want to skip the interconnect altogether. Marc, do you wanna add some color to that one?

Speaker #2: I would just say what we're designing is really compatible with both sort of applications. We could put this power onto the grid, install it on a virtual PPA, or in front of the meter PPA.

Speaker #2: We can also do the behind-the-meter solution, which is sort of the fastest go-to-market for a lot of the potential customers today who want to skip the interconnect altogether.

Speaker #2: Mark, do you want to add some color to that one?

Marc Horstman: Yeah. Thanks, Danny. I think it goes back to our overall product design and design philosophy. You know, we selected gas turbines that are known and reliable. They're able to load follow. Couple that with the PCC technology that Danny spoke to before, that is proven. It allows us to meet the initial needs of the speed to power, but also clean power in the timeframe that folks are looking for. You know what's key with that is the product selection puts us in a, call it 80 to 90 MW block, which is a really nice block that most of our customers are looking for when they build data center applications and look at growing their data center demand.

Speaker #3: Yeah, thanks, Danny. And I think it goes back to our overall product design and design philosophy. We selected gas turbines that are known and reliable.

Speaker #3: They're able to load follow. Couple of that with the PCC technology that Danny spoke to before, that is proven. It allows us to meet the initial needs of speed to power, but also clean power in the timeframe that folks are looking for.

Speaker #3: And what's key with that is the product selection puts us in a call it 80 to 90 megawatt block, which is a really nice block that most of our customers are looking for when they build data center applications and look at growing their data center demand.

Marc Horstman: You're able to phase that sort of growth with the data center construction as well, which allows it to also, if a grid connection becomes available, this solution is excellent from the standpoint of being able to provide either that firming power or the load following that's needed when you have the intermittent renewables that are on the grid. I think we've got the right product mix that threads the needle, if you will, from the needs of the current demands, but then also supplies the power and the firming that's needed for the grid based on where the project is located.

Speaker #3: So you're able to phase that sort of growth with the data center construction as well, which allows it to also, if a grid connection becomes available, this solution is excellent from the standpoint of being able to provide either that firming power or the load following that's needed when you have the intermittent renewables that are on the grid.

Speaker #3: So I think we've got the right product mix that threads the needle, if you will, from the needs of the current demands, but then also supplies the power and the firming that's needed for the grid.

Speaker #3: Based on where the project is located.

Noel Parks: Great. Thanks a lot.

Speaker #2: Great. Thanks a lot.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question is coming from Betty Jiang of Barclays. Please go ahead.

Speaker #4: Thank you. Our next question is coming from Betty Jiang of Barclays. Please go ahead.

Betty Jiang: Hi. Good morning. I wanna first ask about the offtake conversations, just given how important, Marc, you characterized it as conversations look, it's very different now than even a year ago. Can you just give some more color on what specifically the hyperscalers are looking for or what's perhaps holding them back? Is it the confidence in the technology? Is it scalability, timing, or what is it that you guys need to address in the subsequent months to get them comfortable?

Speaker #5: Hi. Good morning. I want to first ask about the off-pay conversations, just given so important, Marc. Do you characterize that as conversation looks—it's very different now than even a year ago?

Speaker #5: Can you just give some more color on what specifically the hyperscalers are looking for or what's perhaps holding them back? Is it the confidence in the technology?

Speaker #5: Is it scalability, timing, or what is it that you guys need to address in the subsequent months to get them comfortable?

Marc Horstman: Yeah. Hi, Betty. This is Marc. Then, certainly, Danny can jump in and add some color. Yeah, I think it's a lot of the things that you just hit on. I think it's from the, and I'll add a couple of to it. I think from the standpoint of the actuality of folks bringing the projects to bear, for either the behind the meter solutions that they're looking for or the grid connections. The realities of bringing all the different aspects of the projects together are quite difficult. I think that NET Power, we sit in a unique position with the relationships that we have with the land and the work that we've done relative to our site, that we're able to bring those solutions together.

Speaker #3: Yeah. Hi, Betty. This is Mark. And then certainly, Danny can jump in and add some color. I think it's a lot of the things that you just hit on.

Speaker #3: I think it's from the and I'll add a couple of to it. I think from the standpoint of the actuality of folks being in the projects to bear, for the either the behind-the-meter solutions that they're looking for or the grid connections.

Speaker #3: The realities of bringing all the different aspects of the projects together are quite difficult. And I think that NET Power, we sit in a unique position with the relationships that we have with the land and the work that we've done relative to our site, that we're able to bring those solutions together. And with what I just spoke to before, the technology being existing technology, we're able to meet their speed-to-power demands.

Marc Horstman: I think that NET Power, we sit in a unique position with the relationships that we have with the land and the work that we've done relative to our site, that we're able to bring those solutions together. With what I just spoke to before, the technology being existing technology that we're able to meet their speed to power demands, they certainly see this as a solution that truly makes sense, and something that is viable, that provides firm, clean power. I think also from the standpoint of being in West Texas, the abundance of gas and the ability to price the gas so competitively allows our solution to really fit in to provide that power and then also the clean power.

Marc Horstman: With what I just spoke to before, the technology being existing technology that we're able to meet their speed to power demands, they certainly see this as a solution that truly makes sense, and something that is viable, that provides firm, clean power. I think also from the standpoint of being in West Texas, the abundance of gas and the ability to price the gas so competitively allows our solution to really fit in to provide that power and then also the clean power.

Speaker #3: They certainly see this as a solution that truly makes sense, and something that is viable, that provides firm, clean power. I think also, from the standpoint of being in West Texas, the abundance of gas and the ability to price the gas so competitively allows our solution to really fit in to provide that power and then also the clean power.

Marc Horstman: I think as we continue to work with those hyperscalers and again, the product size, the ability to match their data center, their growth demand, from the initial, call it the initial phases, but then able to supply the half a gig or gig or solution that meets their overall demand, whether it be a behind the meter or a physical PPA, it has and will continue to change the conversation. I think as we progress the conversations, the overall acceptance or discussions around the use of EOR.

Speaker #3: And I think as we continue to work with those hyperscalers, and again, the product size the ability to match their data center, their growth demand, from the initial call it the initial phases, but then able to supply the half a gig or gig or solution that meets their overall demand whether it be a behind-the-meter or a physical PPA.

Speaker #3: It has and will continue to change the conversation. And then I think as we progress the conversations, the overall acceptance or discussions around the use of EOR and as Danny alluded to, the our solution along with our partners, which really fits in with the call it the narrative of shoring up the US grid capacity and the power and enabling gas supplied power generation.

Marc Horstman: I think as we progress the conversations, the overall acceptance or discussions around the use of EOR. As Danny alluded to, you know, our solution along with our partners, which really fits in with the, call it the narrative of shoring up the US grid capacity and the power enabling gas supplied power generation is really providing a unique solution that there's only a few that are able to provide.

Marc Horstman: As Danny alluded to, you know, our solution along with our partners, which really fits in with the, call it the narrative of shoring up the US grid capacity and the power enabling gas supplied power generation is really providing a unique solution that there's only a few that are able to provide.

Speaker #3: It is really providing a unique solution that there's only a few that are able to provide.

Betty Jiang: Okay. Thank you for that. Just on slide seven, the different phases, is that just for that single project? Is it an extension of Project Permian?

Speaker #5: Okay. And thank you for that. And just a. On slide 7, the different phases, is that just the first is that for that single project?

Speaker #5: Is it an extension project permeant?

Marc Horstman: Yeah. What it is that's exactly right. Right now we're calling that top row Project Permian phase one. That's the, you know, call it first of kind, first of type proof of concept. Then as we look at deployments 2 and 3, they could really be in whatever size range fits, you know, ultimately whatever off-taker that we would sign. Whether they need, you know, the 300MW in deployment 2 or deployment 3, then we would size that accordingly based, typically it's based on the data center construction schedule. The fact that our solution is gas turbine agnostic allows us to be really flexible from the standpoint of selecting gas turbines that are available in order to meet that timeframe.

Speaker #3: Yeah. So what it is, that's exactly right. So right now, we're calling that top rows project permeant phase one. That's the call it first of kind, first of type, proof of concept.

Speaker #3: And then, as we look at deployments two and three, they could really be in whatever size range fits ultimately whatever off-taker that we would sign.

Marc Horstman: Whether they need, you know, the 300MW in deployment 2 or deployment 3, then we would size that accordingly based, typically it's based on the data center construction schedule. The fact that our solution is gas turbine agnostic allows us to be really flexible from the standpoint of selecting gas turbines that are available in order to meet that timeframe.

Speaker #3: So whether they need the 320 megawatts in deployment two or deployment three, then we would size that accordingly based typically, it's based on the data center construction schedule.

Speaker #3: And the fact that our solution is gas turbine agnostic allows us to be really flexible from the standpoint of selecting gas turbines that are available in order to meet that timeframe.

Betty Jiang: Great. Sorry, one more follow-up, if I may. Danny, just on the equity financing comment you made earlier, sort of assuming 55% of the project being financed, that's a bit higher than the earlier comment on a best-case scenario of closer to 25, 30%. Maybe just what's the risk in that you took there? What do you think could happen for that equity component to be even lower?

Speaker #5: Great. Sorry, one more follow-up if I may. Danny, just on the equity financing comment you made earlier, sort of assuming 55% of the project being financed, that's a bit higher than the earlier comment on a best scenario of closer to 25, 30 percent.

Speaker #5: Maybe just what's the risking that you took there and what do you think could happen for that equity component to be even lower?

Danny Rice: Yeah. Yeah. Betty, maybe I misspoke, but we're targeting on project financing, we're targeting 65% debt, so 35% equity. I think before I was talking about the equity portion would be 25 to 35%. Yeah, we're targeting 65% debt, so 35% equity, which, you know, on a $550 million headline CapEx number, you know, you're talking about $100 million of equity net to NET Power. That's sort of what we're targeting.

Speaker #2: Yeah. Yeah. And Betty, maybe I misspoke. But we're targeting on project financing, we're targeting 65% debt. So 35% equity. And I think before I was talking about the equity portion would be 25 to 35 percent.

Speaker #2: So yeah, we're targeting 65% debt. So 35% equity, which on a 550 million dollar headline capex number, you're talking about 100 million dollars of equity net to net power.

Danny Rice: It could certainly be higher, you know, if you get a solid PPA where you can support a higher debt service coverage ratio, which is sort of just like the primary metric to utilize to sort of right size the debt capacity. You could certainly see the equity portion be a little bit lower than that. We feel like that 65% debt coverage is sort of like the middle of the fairway sort of target that we're going after.

Speaker #2: So that's sort of what we're targeting. It could certainly be higher. If you get a if you get a solid PPA where you can support a higher debt service coverage ratio, which is sort of just like the primary metric to utilize to sort of right-size the debt capacity, you could certainly see the equity portion be a little bit lower than that.

Speaker #2: But we feel like that 65% debt coverage is sort of like the middle of the fairway sort of target that we're going after.

Betty Jiang: Got it. No, thank you for the clarification.

Speaker #5: Got it. No, thank you for the clarification.

Danny Rice: Yep.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question is coming from Nate Pendleton of Texas Capital Bank. Please go ahead.

Speaker #2: Yep.

Speaker #1: Thank you. Our next question is coming from Nate Pendleton of Texas Capital Bank. Please go ahead.

Nate Pendleton: Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Perhaps for Marc, going back to slide seven on the larger deployments. When your team is designing these modular plants, can you talk about the potential for cost reductions in these potential larger deployments? Would it just be on the front end with the site, or could there be material cost reductions with any integration possible between the modules?

Speaker #4: Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Perhaps for Mark, going back to slide 7, on the larger deployments—when your team is designing these modular plants, can you talk about the potential for cost reductions in these potential large deployments?

Speaker #4: Would it just be on the front end with the site, or could there be material cost reductions with any integration possible between the modules?

Marc Horstman: Yeah. Thanks, Dave. It's actually both. Certainly from the standpoint of designing and developing a product allows us to, you know, have minimal engineering. When you're putting it at the same site, you really have reduced engineering because you're redeploying that same product over and over again as the phases are needed. That was a part of the key selection of the megawatt block that we were targeting to make sure that we hit that, call it the construction phase or the power-on phase that hyperscalers want for their data center growth. As you kinda hit the nail on the head, as you deploy more and more of the same product, your leverage with supply chain just continues to increase, as well as you're gaining productivity in the field.

Speaker #3: Yeah. Thanks, Nate. It's actually both certainly from the standpoint of the designing and developing a product, allows us to have minimal engineering and when you're at it, at the same site, you really have reduced engineering because you're redeploying that same product over and over again.

Speaker #3: As the phases are needed. And that was a part of the key selection of the megawatt block that we were targeting, to make sure that we hit that—call it the construction phase or the power-on phase—that hyperscalers want for their data center growth.

Marc Horstman: That was a part of the key selection of the megawatt block that we were targeting to make sure that we hit that, call it the construction phase or the power-on phase that hyperscalers want for their data center growth. As you kinda hit the nail on the head, as you deploy more and more of the same product, your leverage with supply chain just continues to increase, as well as you're gaining productivity in the field.

Speaker #3: And then as you kind of hit the nail on the head, as you deploy more and more of these same products, you're leveraged with supply chain just continues to increase.

Speaker #3: As well as you're gaining productivity in the field. So your EPC, your general contractor that's doing the installation just continually gets better at the installation.

Marc Horstman: Your EPC, your general contractor that's doing the installation just continually gets better at the installation. That also continues on through the startup and commissioning process. As a part of the looking at this as a product solution, it allows us to capture lessons learned from the very first implementation of Project Permian Phase 1, and then we will, you know, ruthlessly apply those lessons learned prior to deploying the next phase, so that we can continue to drive costs down as we advance.

Speaker #3: And then that also continues on through the startup and commissioning process. So as a part of the looking at this as a product, as a product solution, it allows us to capture lessons learned from the very first implementation of project permeant phase one and then we will ruthlessly apply those lessons learned prior to deploying the next phase so that we can continue to drive costs down as we advance.

Nate Pendleton: Got it. Thanks for that detail. I wanted to touch just for a moment on oxy-combustion. Given the prior partnership with Baker Hughes and their pursuit of the industrial scale oxy-combustion plant designs, can you provide some detail around if that use case is still being pursued and maybe what the suspension of the JDA means in the context of future development of the oxy-combustion plants?

Speaker #4: Got it. Thanks for that detail. And I wanted to touch just for a moment on Oxy Combustion. Given the prior partnership with Baker Hughes and their pursuit of the industrial scale Oxy Combustion plant designs, can you provide some detail around if that use case is still being pursued and maybe what the suspension of the JDA means in the context of future development of the Oxy Combustion plants?

Marc Horstman: Yeah. Thanks. I think the best way to sum it up is that both partners have suspended as we continue and will continue to evaluate the viability of the industrial product. We continue to work that and support that as much as we can. You know, once we have that determination, we'll certainly communicate it as necessary.

Speaker #3: Yeah. Thanks to the I think the best way to sum it up is that both partners have suspended as we continue and we'll continue to evaluate the viability of the industrial product.

Speaker #3: We continue to work that and support that as much as we can. And once we have that determination, we'll certainly communicate it as necessary.

Nate Pendleton: Understood. Thanks for taking the questions.

Danny Rice: Yes, sir. Thank you.

Speaker #4: Understood. Thanks for taking my questions. Thanks, Nate.

Danny Rice: Thanks, Dave.

Operator: Thank you. At this time, I'd like to turn the floor back over to Danny Rice for closing comments.

Speaker #1: Thank you. At this time, I'd like to turn the floor back over to Danny Rice for closing comments.

Danny Rice: All right. Thanks, everybody. Yeah, we just wanna say thank you for the questions, for the support, for the trust you guys place in this team. You know, what we are doing, which is commercializing natural gas power with full carbon capture at scale, it's never been done before, and we're doing it in a market that's growing faster than anyone anticipated. I think everybody appreciates there are challenges, there will be challenges ahead. We want you to know that, this team comes to work every day with a deep sense of purpose. Because if we get this right, we'll have helped solve one of the most important problems facing our country and the world, which is, how do we keep the lights on affordably and reliably while leaving a cleaner planet for the next generation? That is important to us.

Speaker #2: All right. Thanks, everybody. Yeah. We just want to say thank you for the questions, for the support, for the trust you guys placed in this team.

Speaker #2: What we are doing, which is commercializing natural gas power with full carbon capture at scale, it's never been done before. And we're doing it in a market that's grown faster than anyone anticipated.

Speaker #2: So I think everybody appreciates there are challenges. There will be challenges ahead, but we want you to know that this team comes to work every day with a deep sense of purpose because if we get this right, we'll have helped solve one of the most important problems facing our country in the world, which is how do we keep the lights on affordably and reliably while leaving a cleaner planet for the next generation?

Danny Rice: We want you to know that, this team comes to work every day with a deep sense of purpose. Because if we get this right, we'll have helped solve one of the most important problems facing our country and the world, which is, how do we keep the lights on affordably and reliably while leaving a cleaner planet for the next generation? That is important to us. That's worth every ounce of our efforts, and we are grateful to have partners and shareholders who believe in that mission alongside us. We will talk soon. Thanks again.

Danny Rice: That's worth every ounce of our efforts, and we are grateful to have partners and shareholders who believe in that mission alongside us. We will talk soon. Thanks again.

Speaker #2: So that is important to us. That's where every ounce of our effort. And we are grateful to have partners and shareholders who believe in that mission alongside us.

Speaker #2: So we will talk soon. Thanks again.

Operator: Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's event. You may disconnect your lines or log off the webcast at this time, and enjoy the rest of your day.

Speaker #1: Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's event. You may disconnect your lines or log off the webcast at this time. And enjoy the rest of your day.

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