Q4 2025 Niu Technologies Earnings Call

March 16, 2026

Speaker #1: Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session, and instructions will follow at that time. As a reminder, we are recording today's call. If you have any objections, you may disconnect at this time.

Speaker #1: Now, I will turn the call over to Ms. Kristal Li in Vesta Relations, Manager of New Technologies. Ms. Li, please go ahead.

Speaker #2: Thank you, Operator. Hello, everyone. Welcome to today's conference call to discuss new technologies results for the fourth quarter 2025. The earnings press release, corporate presentation, and financial spreadsheets have been posted on our investor relations website.

Kristal Li: Thank you, operator. Hello, everyone. Welcome to today's conference call to discuss Niu Technologies' results for Q4 2025. The earnings press release, corporate presentation, and financial spreadsheets have been posted on our investor relations website. This call is being webcast from the company's IR site as well, and a replay of the call will be available soon. Please note, today's discussion will contain forward-looking statements made under the safe harbor provision of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors. The company's actual results may be materially different from those expressed today. Further information regarding the risk factors is included in the company's public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The company does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements except as required by law.

Speaker #2: This call is being webcast from the company's IR site as well, and a replay of the call will be available soon. Please note, today's discussion will contain forward-looking statements made under the Safe Harbor Provision of the US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Speaker #2: Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors. The company's actual results may be materially different from those expressed today. Further information regarding the risk factors is included in the company's public forums with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Speaker #2: The company does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law. Our earnings press release and this call include discussion of certain non-GAAP financial measures.

Kristal Li: Our earnings press release and this call include discussion of certain non-GAAP financial measures. The press release contains a definition of non-GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial results. On the call with me today are our CEO, Dr. Yan Li, and CFO, Ms. Wenjuan Zhou. Now let me turn the call over to CEO Yan.

Speaker #2: The press release contains the definition of non-GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial results. On the call with me today are our CEO, Dr. Yan Li, and CFO, Ms. Fionn Zhou.

Speaker #2: Now, let me turn the call over to CEO Yan Li.

Speaker #3: Thank you, Kristal, and hello, everyone. Thank you for joining our fourth quarter 2025 results call. 2025 was a year of continuous strategic transformation for NIU.

Yan Li: Thank you, Kristal, and hello, everyone. Thank you for joining our Q4 2025 results call. 2025 was a year of continuous strategic transformation for Niu. We navigated a complex regulatory shift in China, executed a successful breakthrough in electric motorcycle segment, and overhaul our international distribution for micro-mobility, all while significantly expand our gross margins. While our Q4 results reflect the temporary friction inherent in those structural changes, the robust foundation we have built positions us perfectly for accelerated high quality and profitable growth in 2026. Now let's turn to the numbers. In the fourth quarter, we delivered 172,000 units, represent a 23.8% year-over-year decline. This comprised of 180...

Speaker #3: We navigated a complex regulatory shift in China, executed a successful breakthrough in the electric motorcycle segment, and overhauled our international distribution for micromobility—all while significantly expanding our gross margins.

Speaker #3: While our fourth quarter volume reflects the temporary friction inherited in those structural changes, the robust foundation we have built positions us perfectly for accelerated, high-quality, and profitable growth in 2026.

Speaker #3: Now, let's turn to the numbers. In the fourth quarter, we delivered 172,000 units, representing a 23.8% year-over-year decline. This comprised 188,782 units in China, down 12% year-over-year.

Yan Li: 158,782 units in China, down 12% year-over-year, and close to 14,000 units overseas, down 68% year-over-year. I want to spend a minute to dive deep in both figures as they are direct results of a proactive strategic transition we outlined early this year. First, regarding the China market. This decline was fully anticipated results of the transition to the new national standards for the electric bicycles. As we highlighted in our previous call, production of old standard models ceased on 31 August, while the retail window closed on 30 November. This led to a significant inventory front-loading by our distributors and retailers in Q3 2025. Naturally, this pulls the sales forward, temporarily reducing our selling volume for Q4.

Speaker #3: And close to 14,000 units overseas, down 68% year-over-year. I want to spend a minute to dive deep into both figures, as they are direct results of a proactive strategic transition we outlined earlier this year.

Speaker #3: First, regarding the China market, this decline was fully anticipated—results of the transition to the new national standards for electric bicycles. As we highlighted in our previous call, production of old-standard models ceased on August 31, while the retail window closed on November 30.

Speaker #3: This led to significant inventory front-loading by our distributors and retailers in Q3 2025. Naturally, this pushed sales forward, temporarily reducing our selling volume for Q4.

Speaker #3: However, when you evaluate the second half of 2025 as a whole, our China deliveries actually grew 38% year-over-year, confirming that our continual growth momentum for the entire year.

Yan Li: However, when we evaluate the second half of 2025 as a whole, our China deliveries actually grew 38% year-over-year, confirming that our continued growth momentum for the entire year. Now turning to our overseas performance. The volume decline was deliberately driven by a strategic realignment of our micro-mobility channels. In the key markets like US and Germany, we have transitioned away from a traditional distributor-led model in favor of direct-to-retailer partnerships. While this structural shift meant our former distributors paused orders to clear legacy inventories, it is a necessary evolution. It allowed us to capture higher margins and establish a closer, more agile relationship with our customers. Now zooming out to the full year 2025, the success of broader strategy is clear. The total sales volume reached 1.19 million units, a robust 29% year-over-year increase.

Speaker #3: Now, turning to our overseas performance, the volume decline was deliberately driven by a strategic realignment of our micromobility channels. In key markets like the US and Germany, we have transitioned away from a traditional distributor-led model in favor of direct-to-retailer partnerships.

Speaker #3: While this structural shift meant our formal distributors paused orders to clear legacy inventories, it is a necessary evolution. It allowed us to capture higher margins and establish a closer, more agile relationship with our customers.

Speaker #3: Now, zooming out to the full year 2025, the success of broader strategies is clear. The total sales volume reached 1.19 million units, a robust 29% year-over-year increase.

Speaker #3: This was fueled by exceptional performance in China, where sales surged 46% to surpass 1.11 million units. While our international volume of 80,000 units—a 51% decline—reflects a year of deliberate channel restructuring, we successfully prioritized long-term profitability over empty volume.

Yan Li: This was fueled by exceptional performance in China, where sales surged 46% to surpass 1.11 million units. While our international volume of 80,000 units, a 51% decline, reflects a year of deliberate channel restructuring, we successfully prioritized a long-term profitability over empty volume. The total revenue for the year reached RMB 4.31 billion, up 31% year-over-year. Most impressively, our full year gross margin reached 19.6%, expanding by a massive 4.4 percentage points year-over-year, reflecting our premium product mix and operational efficiencies. Now let me dive deeper into the specific operational dynamics of our China and international markets. Let's first look at a China operations. We conclude the fiscal year with the exceptional performance across the China market.

Speaker #3: The total revenue for the year reached RMB 4.31 billion, up 31% year-over-year. Most impressively, our full-year gross margin reached 19.6%, expanding by a massive 4.4 percentage points year-over-year, reflecting our premium product mix and operational efficiencies.

Speaker #3: Now, let me dive deeper into the specific operational dynamics of our China and international markets. Let's first look at our China operations. We concluded the fiscal year with exceptional performance across the China market. Total domestic sales volume successfully surpassed the 1 million milestone, reaching 1.11 million units, representing a robust 46.5% year-over-year increase.

Yan Li: Total domestic sales volume successfully surpassed 1 million milestone, reached 1.11 million units, representing a robust 46.5% year-over-year increase. This was the direct result of our highly integrated domestic strategy. Our momentum was propelled by 4 key pillars. 1, the portfolio optimization, expanding into high-growth category like electric motorcycles, while maintaining our high-end market positions in electric bicycles. Second, technological leadership, sustained investment in cutting-edge smart riding innovations. Third, brand elevations, targeted campaigns that solidified our premium positions, particularly among the Gen Z demographics. And the last, the channel expansion, aggressive scaling of retail network into the lower tier cities. Together, those initiatives allowed us to capture a significant market share and drive high volume growth in our home market. Now, in 2025, we further fortified our product foundation laid in 2024.

Speaker #3: This was a direct result of our highly integrated domestic strategy. Our momentum was propelled by four key pillars. One, the portfolio optimization—expanding into high-gross categories like electric motorcycles, while maintaining our high-end market positions in electric bicycles.

Speaker #3: Second, technological leadership sustained an investment in cutting-edge smart riding innovations. Third, brand elevation targeted campaigns that solidified our premium position, particularly among the Gen Z demographic.

Speaker #3: And lastly, the channel expansion—aggressive scaling of our retail network into the lower-tier cities. Together, these initiatives allowed us to capture significant market share and drive high-volume growth in our home market.

Speaker #3: Now, first, in 2025, we further fortified our product foundation late in 2024. Our core NMUF matrix has become the backbone of our business, representing nearly all of our total volume.

Yan Li: Our core NMUF matrix has become the backbone of our business, representing nearly all of total volume. The N series continue to be our standout performers, delivering 43% of our total sales and successfully capturing every tier of the market. Throughout 2025, our focus remained on hero SKU development and rapid innovations. This disciplined approach, where nine major products now account for more than 70% of sales, allowed us to iterate faster and deploy our technology platform more effectively, resulting in a leaner and highly responsive product structure. Perhaps the most defining structural evolution for Niu in 2025 was our breakthrough into the electric motorcycle segment, led by a phenomenal success of FX Windstorm. The e-motorcycle now represent more than 23% of our total annual sales. This achievement validates our diversification strategy and proves our unique capability to accelerate the new market capture.

Speaker #3: The N-Series continued to be our standout performers, delivering 43% of our total sales and successfully capturing every tier of the market. Throughout 2025, our focus remained on hero SKU development and rapid innovations.

Speaker #3: This disciplined approach, where nine major products now account for more than 70% of sales, allowed us to iterate faster and deploy our technology platform more effectively, resulting in a leaner and highly responsive product structure.

Speaker #3: Perhaps the most defining structural evolution for NIU in 2025 was our breakthrough into the electric motorcycle segment. Led by the phenomenal success of FX Windstorm, the e-motorcycle now represents more than 23% of our total annual sales.

Speaker #3: This achievement validated our diversification strategy and proves our unique capability to accelerate the new market calories. The FX Windstorm has democratized high-end performance by integrating high-torque powertrains, strong, durable frames supporting a top speed of 80 km/h, and flagship technologies like dual-channel ABS and millimeter wave radar into an accessible RMB 4,000 to 5,000 range.

Yan Li: The FX Windstorm has democratized high-end performance by integrating high torque powertrains, strong durable frames supporting a top speed of 80 km/h, and the flagship technologies like dual channel ABS and the millimeter wave radar into accessible RMB 4,000 to 5,000 range. We created a massive competitive moat. As the first high-speed e-motorcycle for the Gen Z segment, its momentum surged to a remarkable 42% of our total sales in Q4. Beyond its appeal to a young enthusiast, the Windstorm spec defined by a high torque powertrain and durability served as our primary engine to break through the high-growth delivery segment. Recognizing that professional riders were underserved, we responded with a targeted multimodal ladder strategy.

Speaker #3: We created a match competitive mode. As the first high-speed e-motorcycle for the Gen Z segment, its momentum surged to a remarkable 42% of our total sales in the fourth quarter.

Speaker #3: Beyond its appeal to a young enthusiast, the Windstorm spec, defined by a high-torque powertrain and durability, served as our primary engine to break through the high-gross delivery segment.

Speaker #3: Recognizing that professional riders were underserved, we responded with a targeted multimodal ladder strategy. The FX Windstorm, with its robust frame and high-performance motor, was our first model to successfully penetrate the delivery market, proving our consumer tech could meet the intensive commercial demands.

Yan Li: The FX Windstorm, with its robust frame and high-performance motor, the FX was our first model to successfully penetrate the delivery market, proving our consumer tech could meet the intensive commercial demands. The NX Windstorm. In Q4, we launched the NX specifically for the delivery professional who requires a higher capacity storage. Built on our newly developed high durability frames with a class-leading 40-liter compartment. The NX contribute 10.5% to our Q4 volume in its debut quarter. Lastly, the NS and FS Windstorm, the entry-level anchors. To complete our coverage, those entry-level anchors serve as our high-value entry-level performance offerings, allowing us to capture the budget-conscious professionals, and daily commuters while maintaining a core Windstorm DNA. This expansion, alongside with our premium daily commute specs, has built a highly resilient and diversified revenue base for electric motorcycle segments.

Speaker #3: The NX Windstorm—In Q4, we launched the NX specifically for the delivery professional who requires higher capacity storage, built on our newly developed high-durability frames with a class-leading 40-liter compartment.

Speaker #3: The NX contributed 10.5% to our Q4 volume in its debut quarter. And lastly, the NS and FS Windstorm—the entry-level anchors. To complete our coverage, those entry-level anchors serve as our high-value, entry-level performance offerings, allowing us to capture budget-conscious professionals and daily commuters while maintaining a core Windstorm DNA.

Speaker #3: This expansion, alongside our premium daily commute specs, has built a highly resilient and diversified revenue base for electric motorcycle segments. Now, looking ahead to 2026, we'll continue to scale this leadership by developing a tailored e-motorcycle offering for female riders and technology enthusiasts, accelerating our growth in the segments.

Yan Li: Now looking ahead to 2026, we'll continue to scale this leadership by developing a tailored e-motorcycle offerings for female riders and technology enthusiasts, accelerating our growth in these segments. Now moving to our electric bicycle segments. The 2025 was a pivotal transition year as the industry prepared for China's new national standard. Our strategy was twofold, maintaining our dominance in the premium tier while aggressively populating our pipeline with the next generation compliant products. Now to capture the high-end demand, we launched the NXT Ultra 2025 and FXT Ultra 2025. The NXT Ultra features the 10 major upgrades, with 77% core components redesigned to solidify its position as the premium market leaders. Meanwhile, FXT Ultra also added safety benchmarks such as millimeter wave radars, and two-channel ABS. The market response was exceptional.

Speaker #3: Now, moving to our electric bicycle segments. The year 2025 was a pivotal transition year, as the industry prepared for China's new national standard. Our strategy was twofold: maintaining our dominance in the premium tier while aggressively populating our pipeline with next-generation compliant products.

Speaker #3: Now, to capture the high-end demand, we launched the NXT Ultra 2025 and FXT Ultra 2025. The NXT Ultra features 10 major upgrades, with 77% of core components redesigned, to solidify its position as a premium market leader.

Speaker #3: Meanwhile, the FX Ultra also added safety benchmarks such as millimeter-wave radars and dual-channel ABS. The market response was exceptional, with over 20,000 units sold within the first five hours, generating more than RMB 220 million in sales, and ranking as the top-selling item across major e-commerce platforms.

Yan Li: We achieved over 20,000 units sold within the first five hours, generating more than RMB 220 million in sales, and ranking as the top-selling item across major e-commerce platform. We also continue to iterate our key models. The MT, our best-selling urban commuter, now accounts for more than 20% of our total annual sales. With its compact design, a vibrant style, and the OK/Go assist system, it has become particularly popular with our female demographics, proving our ability to design specific lifestyle segments. The U3 Pro, we upgraded the Gen Z favorites with a fine-tuned dual channel ABS, offering the perfect blend of a trend-driven design and high-performance safety. Now to lead the transition to our new national standard, we strategically launched two key compliance series. The first one, the U11, as our first new standard compliant bicycle.

Speaker #3: We also continued to iterate our key models. The MT, our best-selling urban commuter, now accounts for more than 20% of our total annual sales, with its compact design, vibrant style, and the OK Go Assist system.

Speaker #3: It has become particularly popular with our female demographics. Previously, our ability to design a specific lifestyle segment—The U3 Pro—we upgraded the Gen Z favorites with a fine-tuned dual-channel ABS, offering the perfect blend of a trend-driven design and high-performance safety.

Speaker #3: Now, to lead the transition to our new national standard, we strategically launched two key compliance series. The first one, the U11, as our first new standard-compliant bicycle, and the U1 redefined the urban style.

Yan Li: The U11 redefined the urban style. Priced between RMB 4,199 to 4,699, it features a lightweight design and a smart integration like TCS and keyless entry. The K-series, launching in late 2025, is the lifestyle first platform. Starting at RMB 3,799, it features an innovative sled-type ring arm skeleton frame for unmatched stability. With a 4.3-inch TFT display and Magic Wheel smart features, it is a personalized mobility statement that drives the trend towards intelligent commuting. Our full matrix of new standard products is progressing steadily, with a complete portfolio on track for a full rollout by Q2 2026. In fact, we'll be showcasing a selection of those upcoming products at our launch event tomorrow. Now beyond our product expansion, 2025 was also a year of rapid advancement in our core technology stack.

Speaker #3: Priced between RMB 4,199 to 4,699, it features a lightweight design and smart integrations like TCS and keyless entry. The K-Series, launched in late 2025, is a lifestyle-first platform.

Speaker #3: Starting at RMB 3,799, it features an innovative flat-type rain arm skeleton frame for a match stability. With a 4.3-inch TFT display and matching wheel smart features, it is a personalized mobility statement that drives the trend towards intelligent commuting.

Speaker #3: Our full matrix of new standard products is progressing steadily, with a complete portfolio on track for a full rollout by Q2 2026. And in fact, we'll be showcasing a selection of those upcoming products at our launch event tomorrow.

Speaker #3: Now, beyond our product expansion, 2025 was also a year of rapid advancement in our core technology stack. Our R&D strategy focused on two primary objectives: democratizing intelligent technology and pioneering the next generation of assisted mobility.

Yan Li: Our R&D strategy focused on the two primary objectives, democratizing the intelligent technology and pioneering the next generation of assisted mobility. In 2025, we successfully migrated high-end intelligent safety features previously exclusive to our flagship models, down into our mid-range and entry-level products. This includes a broader implementation of ABS braking system and the radar technology, significantly raising the safety floor for the entire industry. Furthermore, we have introduced a suite of advanced smart functions across more product tiers, including full-screen navigation and our signature Magic Wheel interface, the dual direction smart throttles, and adaptive hill descent system. Those features ensure a broader demographic of new riders can enjoy a premium flagship level experience regardless of their price point. At the high end of R&D, we continue to push the boundary of what is possible in the two-wheel industry.

Speaker #3: In 2025, we successfully migrated high-end intelligent safety features, previously exclusive to our flagship models, down into our mid-range and entry-level products. This includes a broader implementation of the ABS braking system and radar technology, significantly raising the safety floor for the entire industry.

Speaker #3: Furthermore, we have introduced a suite of advanced smart functions across more product tiers, including full-screen navigation and our signature Magic Wheel interface, the dual-direction smart throttles, and the adaptive hill descent system.

Speaker #3: Those features ensure a broader demographic of new riders can enjoy a premium, flagship-level experience regardless of their price point. At the high end of R&D, we continue to push the boundary of what is possible in the two-wheel industry.

Speaker #3: Looking ahead to 2026, our focus shifts towards a collaborative and experienced intelligence. We are integrating scenario-based interactions and AI agent capabilities across our entire product ecosystem to create a more intuitive interaction between the rider and the machine.

Yan Li: Looking ahead to 2026, our focus shifts towards a collaborative and experienced intelligence. We are integrating scenario-based interactions and AI agent capabilities across our entire product ecosystem to create a more intuitive interaction between the rider and the machine. In fact, we're incredibly excited to announce that we'll be unveiling the industry's first AI-enabled smart scooter at our product launch event tomorrow on 17 March. We look forward to sharing more details during this event. Our platform-based R&D strategy continued to deliver a significant operational benefit throughout 2025. By really standardizing the core components and the chassis architecture, we have not only accelerated our product development cycles, but also improved the manufacturing consistency and the cost efficiency.

Speaker #3: In fact, we're incredibly excited to announce that we'll be unveiling the industry's first AI-enabled smart scooter at our product launch event tomorrow. On March 17, we look forward to sharing more details during this event.

Speaker #3: And finally, our product platform-based R&D strategy continues to deliver a significant operational benefit throughout 2025. By really standardizing the core components and the chassis architecture, we have not only accelerated our product development cycles but also improved manufacturing consistency and cost efficiency.

Speaker #3: Now, throughout 2025, we proactively leveraged event-driven initiatives to expand our core user communities, while making a targeted effort to solidify our position among the critical Gen Z demographics.

Yan Li: Now, throughout 2025, we proactively leveraged event-driven initiatives to expand our core user communities while making a targeted effort to solidify our position among the critical Gen Z demographics. Over the past year, we host more than 50 integrated brand activities, directly engaging over 500,000 offline participants, and generate 346 million total impressions. Those initiatives were strategically synchronized with our product launches to maximize impact. Key highlights included a high-profile crossovers, such as partnering with popular titles like Game for Peace online gaming to resonate with the younger gamers. A performance validation, setting a lap record for electric two-wheelers at the Shanghai International Circuit, showcasing our engineering power. Community milestones, our 10th anniversary playful festivals and dedicated outdoor scenario-based campaigns ranging from hiking to competitive cycling, which embedded the new brand deeply within the outdoor enthusiast community.

Speaker #3: Over the past year, we hosted more than 50 integrated brand activities, directly engaging over half a million offline participants, and generated $346 million in total impressions. Those initiatives were strategically synchronized with our product launches to maximize impact.

Speaker #3: Key highlights included high-profile crossovers, such as partnering with popular titles like Game for Peace and Online Gaming, to resonate with younger gamers.

Speaker #3: A performance validation setting of lap record for electric two-wheelers at the Shanghai F1 event, showcasing our engineering power. A community milestone, our 10th anniversary playful festivals, and dedicated outdoor scenario-based campaigns ranging from hiking to competitive cycling, which embedded the new brand deeply within the outdoor enthusiast community.

Speaker #3: As we enter 2026, we're strategically pivoting back to brand-driven growth. We initiated this shift with a high-profile announcement of our dual global brand ambassadors.

Yan Li: As we enter 2026, we're strategically pivoting back to the brand-driven growth. We initiated this shift with the high-profile announcement of our two global brand ambassadors, Wu Lei and Song Yuqi. Niu is the first in our industry to launch two global ambassadors simultaneously, perfectly embody our core value of performance, trend, and use. This appointment ignites a media blitz that generated over 3.4 billion online impressions. We leveraged this momentum through a saturated offline presence, activating landmark digital displays and dominating high-speed rail hubs across 35 cities, reaching an estimated 500 million travelers. Now, this integrated brand campaign serve a clear purpose, to really reinforce Niu's position as the leading premium electric mobility brand. By combining a massive digital reach with a physical presence, we're building the brand equity necessary to support our next phase of expansion.

Speaker #3: Wu Lei and Song Yuqi. NIU is the first in our industry to launch two global ambassadors simultaneously. Perfectly embodied our core values of performance, trend, and use.

Speaker #3: This appointment ignited a media blitz that generated over 3.4 billion online impressions. We leveraged this momentum through a saturated offline presence, activating landmark digital displays and dominating high-speed rail hubs across 35 cities, reaching an estimated 500 million travelers.

Speaker #3: Now, this integrated brand campaign served a clear purpose: to really reinforce NIU's position as a leading premium electric mobility brand. By combining a massive digital reach with a physical presence, we are building the brand equity necessary to support our next phase of expansion.

Speaker #3: Now, in 2025, we continue to aggressively strengthen both our retail footprint and our digital ecosystem. Our nationwide store network has now surpassed 4,500 locations.

Yan Li: Now, in 2025, we continue to aggressively strengthen both our retail footprint and our digital ecosystem. Our nationwide store network has now surpassed 4,500 locations. Throughout this year, we added over 800 new stores with a strategic focus on lower-tier cities. This delivery expansion is driving a deeper market coverage. Our digital channels maintain exceptional momentum in 2025. The total online sales reached approximately 500,000 units, supported by remarkable high online conversion rate of near 50%. This metric is a testament to the health of our consumer demand and seamless efficiency of online to offline model, which successfully bridged the online purchase with the physical retail fulfillment. Now with the social e-commerce, Douyin has solidified its position as our primary social e-commerce engine.

Speaker #3: Throughout this year, we added over 800 new stores, with the strategic focus on lower-tier cities. This deliberate expansion is driving a deeper market coverage.

Speaker #3: Our digital channels maintained exceptional momentum in 2025. The total online sales reached approximately 500,000 units, supported by a remarkable high online conversion rate of nearly 50%.

Speaker #3: This metric is a testament to the health of our consumer demand and the seamless efficiency of our online-to-offline model, which successfully bridged the online purchase with physical retail fulfillment.

Speaker #3: Now, with social e-commerce, Douyin has solidified its position as our primary social e-commerce engine. Our ecosystem layer, powered by nine official flagship accounts and close to 1,000 dealer-operated accounts, generates over 95,000 live streams and 2.51 billion annual impressions.

Yan Li: Our ecosystem there, powered by 9 official flagship accounts and close to 1,000 dealer-operated accounts, generate over 95,000 live streams and 2.51 billion annual impressions. Having a perfected social e-commerce playbook, we plan to rapidly replicate the success model on Kuaishou in 2026. We are also expanding our online coverage to Meituan with 73 of our retail stores with Meituan account, another mass online channel for broader reach. Now moving to our international operation. While 2025 was a transition year for our overseas market, the underlying data reveals a significant structural improvements and a much healthier foundation for the year ahead. For the full year, overseas sales totaled 80,000 units, with close to 14,000 units delivered in Q4. First, our performance in international electric motorcycle segment was a major highlight.

Speaker #3: Having a perfected social e-commerce playbook, we plan to rapidly replicate the success model on Kuaishou in 2026. We are also expanding our online coverage to Meituan, with 73 of our retail stores now having Meituan accounts.

Speaker #3: Another mass online channel for broader reach. Now, moving to our international operation. While 2025 was a transition year for our overseas market, the underlying data reveals a significant structural improvement and a much healthier foundation for the year ahead.

Speaker #3: For the full year, overseas sales totaled 80,000 units, with close to 14,000 units delivered in the fourth quarter. First, our performance in the international electric motorcycle segment was a major highlight.

Speaker #3: In Q4, we have delivered more than 2,000 units, a 187% year-over-year increase. For the full year, the sales units surged to 9,600 units, up to a 227% increase compared with 2024.

Yan Li: In Q4, we have delivered more than 2,000 units, a 187% year-over-year increase. For the full year, the sales units surged to 9,600 units, up to a 227% increase compared with 2024. This success was directly driven by our direct to retailer model. By bypassing the traditional distributors, we significantly expand our dealer networks from 120 to close to 300 by Q4, surpassing our initial expansion target and giving us the direct control over the brand experience and the pricing. We also used 2025 to seed our future growth. In EICMA 2025, we unveiled a strong global pipeline, including a FQiX Urban series, a NQiX 1000 high-performance motorcycle, and FQi 500 off-road series. Those models will enter global markets through our DTR channels in 2026.

Speaker #3: This success was directly driven by our direct-to-retailer model. By bypassing the traditional distributors, we significantly expanded our dealer network from 120 to close to 300 by Q4.

Speaker #3: We surpassed our initial expansion target, giving us direct control over the brand experience and pricing. We also used 2025 to seed our future growth.

Speaker #3: And at ECMA 2025, we unveiled a strong global pipeline, including an FQX Urban series, an NQF 1,000 high-performance motorcycle, and the XQI 500 off-road series.

Speaker #3: Those models will enter global markets through our DTR channels in 2026. Furthermore, with Pioneer, a new territory such as South North Africa, marked by our successful commercial launch in Algeria, with our first 900-unit CKD shipment in June. With this operation foundation in place, we expect continued rapid growth in the electric motorcycle segment throughout 2026.

Yan Li: Furthermore, we pioneer a new territory such as North Africa, marked by our successful commercial launch in Algeria, with our first 900 units CKD shipment in June. With this operation foundation in place, we expect a continued rapid growth in the electric motorcycle segment throughout 2026. Now, in the micromobility segment, we execute a planned transition to prioritize the long-term health over short-term volume. A full year sales total of 70,000 units with a year-over-year decline, reflecting our strategic decision to restructure channels in the US and Germany. We have successfully moved away from distributor-heavy models in favor of direct retail partnership. This transition allows us to capture a higher margin, exert greater control over our brands, and respond with much more agility to shifting retail trends. Now, the most critical indicator of brand health is on the retail end.

Speaker #3: Now, in the micromobility segment, we executed a planned transition to prioritize long-term health over short-term volume. A full-year sales total of 70,000 units, with a year-over-year decline, reflecting our strategic decision to restructure channels in the US and Germany.

Speaker #3: We have successfully moved away from distributor-heavy models in favor of direct retail partnership. This transition allows us to capture higher margins, exert greater control over our brands, and respond with much more agility to shifting retail trends.

Speaker #3: Now, the most critical indicator of brand health is on the retail end. We saw over 100,000 scooters activated by consumers this year. The fact that activation is significantly higher than our sales in volume is definitely a sign of robust consumer demand.

Yan Li: We saw over 200,000 scooters activated by consumers this year. The fact that activations are significantly higher than our sales in volume is a definite sign of a robust consumer demand. With this new channel model, our priority is to finalize the inventory normalization and position this business for sustainable and profitable growth. Now looking ahead, we see 2026 as a year defined by strategic acceleration across our entire diversified portfolio. Our groundwork in 2025 has set the stage for significant scaling in both our domestic and international operations. In the China market, in the electric bicycle segment, we expect the market to continue navigating a transitional phase through Q1 of 2026 this year as the new standards are fully implemented.

Speaker #3: With this new channel model, our priority is to finalize an inventory normalization and position this business for sustainable and profitable growth. Now, looking ahead, we see 2026 as a year defined by strategic acceleration across our entire diversified portfolio.

Speaker #3: Our groundwork in 2025 has set the stage for significant scaling in both our domestic and international operations. In the China market, in the electric bicycle segment, we expect the market to continue navigating a transitional phase through Q1 of 2026 this year, as a new standard is fully implemented.

Speaker #3: We anticipate consumer demand to remain measured through Q1, followed by a pronounced recovery as the regulatory framework stabilizes and the supply chain adapts.

Yan Li: We anticipate the consumer demand to remain measured through Q1, followed by a pronounced recovery as the regulatory framework stabilizes and the supply chain adapts. To lead this recovery, we'll execute a phased rollout of our new standard product matrix, with a full compliant lineup on track for completion by Q2 2026. Conversely, our electric motorcycle segment is poised for a major breakout, supported by an increasing favorable regulatory environment and the powerful market validation of our Windstorm platform. We are strategically positioned to capture the accelerated growth in this category. With the expanded product portfolios to cover more consumer segments, we believe we have built the most resilient and comprehensive e-motorcycle lineup, capable of capturing market shares across both professional and the lifestyle segments. Now turning to our international operations. We are transitioning from a period of restructuring to one for profitable scaling.

Speaker #3: To lead this recovery, we'll execute a phased rollout of our new standard product matrix, with the full compliant lineup on track for completion by Q2 2026.

Speaker #3: Conversely, our electric motorcycle segment is poised for a major breakout. Supported by an increasingly favorable regulatory environment and a powerful market validation of our Windstorm platform, we are strategically positioned to capture the accelerated growth in this category.

Speaker #3: With the expanded product portfolio to cover more consumer segments, we believe we have built a most resilient and comprehensive e-motorcycle lineup, capable of capturing market shares across both the professional and the lifestyle segments.

Speaker #3: Now, turning to our international operations, we are transitioning from a period of restructuring to one of profitable scaling. In the electric motorcycle segment, we project continued and disciplined expansion, fueled by our measured direct-to-retail network.

Yan Li: In the electric motorcycle segments, we project a continued and disciplined expansion fueled by our measured direct-to-retail network. By owning those dealer relationships directly, we're seeing a significant improvements in brand consistency and service quality, which we expect to translate into higher volume growth. In the micromobility segment, our primary objective for 2026 remains the finalization of the inventory normalization. By prioritizing healthy sell-through over our artificial sell-in volume and maintaining a lean, agile channel structure, we're establishing a sustainable baseline for the near future. Now in summary, based on our current market visibility and momentum for our new product launches, we expect the total sales volume for the full year 2026 to reach between 1.67 million to 1.91 million units. Now with that, let me turn the call to Wenjuan Zhou.

Speaker #3: By owning those dealer relationships directly, we are seeing a significant improvement in brand consistency and service quality, which we expect to translate into higher volume growth.

Speaker #3: In the micromobility segment, our primary objective for 2026 remains the finalization of the inventory normalization. By prioritizing healthy sales through over our artificial cell in volume, and maintaining a lean, agile channel structure, we are establishing a sustainable baseline for the near future.

Speaker #3: Now, in summary, based on our current market visibility and momentum for our new product launches, we expect the total sales volume for the full year 2026 to reach between 1.67 million and 1.91 million units.

Speaker #3: Now, with that, let me turn the call to Fion.

Speaker #2: Thank you, Yan. And hello, everyone. Please note that our press release contains all the figures and comparisons you need, and we have also uploaded the Excel-format figures to our IR website for your easy reference.

Wenjuan Zhou: Thank you, Yan Li, and hello, everyone. Please note that our press release contains all the figures and comparisons you need, and we have also uploaded the Excel format figures to our IR website for your easy reference. As I review our financial results, I'm referring to the Q4 figures unless stated otherwise, and all monetary figures are in RMB if not specified. As Yan Li just mentioned, our total sales volume for the Q4 was 173,000 units, a decrease of 24% compared to the same period of last year. Specifically, China sales volume was 159,000 units, accounting for 92% of total sales volume, and overseas volume was 14,000 units.

Fion Zhou: Thank you, Yan Li, and hello, everyone. Please note that our press release contains all the figures and comparisons you need, and we have also uploaded the Excel format figures to our IR website for your easy reference. As I review our financial results, I'm referring to the Q4 figures unless stated otherwise, and all monetary figures are in RMB if not specified. As Yan Li just mentioned, our total sales volume for the Q4 was 173,000 units, a decrease of 24% compared to the same period of last year. Specifically, China sales volume was 159,000 units, accounting for 92% of total sales volume, and overseas volume was 14,000 units.

Speaker #2: As I review our financial results, I'm referring to the fourth quarter figures unless otherwise specified, and all monetary figures are in RMB unless noted.

Speaker #2: As Yan just mentioned, our total sales volume for the fourth quarter was 173,000 units, a decrease of 24% compared to the same period last year.

Speaker #2: Specifically, China sales volume was 159,000 units, accounting for 92% of total sales volume. Overseas volume was 14,000 units. For the full year 2025, total sales volume was nearly 1.2 million units, including 1.1 million units in the China market and 80,000 units overseas.

Wenjuan Zhou: For the full year 2025, total sales volume was nearly 1.2 million units, including 1.1 million units in China market and 80,000 units overseas. At the end of 2025, the number of franchise stores in China was 4,540. Total revenue in Q4 was CNY 676 million, down 17% compared to the same period of last year. To break down the scooter revenues by region, the scooter revenues in China were CNY 545 million, down 16% year-over-year, and accounted for 91% of total scooter revenues. The decrease was mainly due to the lower sales volume and revenue per scooter.

Fion Zhou: For the full year 2025, total sales volume was nearly 1.2 million units, including 1.1 million units in China market and 80,000 units overseas. At the end of 2025, the number of franchise stores in China was 4,540. Total revenue in Q4 was CNY 676 million, down 17% compared to the same period of last year. To break down the scooter revenues by region, the scooter revenues in China were CNY 545 million, down 16% year-over-year, and accounted for 91% of total scooter revenues. The decrease was mainly due to the lower sales volume and revenue per scooter.

Speaker #2: At the end of 2025, the number of franchises in China was 4,540. Total revenue in the fourth quarter was ¥676 million, down 17% compared to the same period last year.

Speaker #2: To break down the scooter revenues by region, the scooter revenues in China were $545 million, down 16% year over year, and accounted for 94% of total scooter revenues.

Speaker #2: The decrease was mainly

Speaker #1: Due to the lower sales volume and revenue per scooter . China's scooters was 3431 , down 3% year over year and up 5% sequentially , mainly driven by the changes in product mix with the shift from models such as MP and LTE , and NFC to FX , U1 , and X .

Wenjuan Zhou: China scooter ASP was RMB 3,431, down 3% year-over-year and up 5% sequentially, mainly driven by the changes in product mix, with the shift from models such as MT, NLT, and NST to FX, U1, and NX, those new models. Overseas scooter revenues, including electric motorcycles, mopeds, and e-scooters, were $36 million, representing 6% of total scooter revenues. Branded scooter ASP increased to $2,600, up 32% year-over-year, mainly driven by the greater sales mix contribution from electric motorcycles, which commanded the higher retail prices. Accessories, spare parts, and services revenue were RMB 95 million. Up 11% year-over-year and accounted for 14% of total revenues. This increase was primarily driven by the higher revenues from new smart services as well as from accessories, spare parts sales in China market.

Fion Zhou: China scooter ASP was RMB 3,431, down 3% year-over-year and up 5% sequentially, mainly driven by the changes in product mix, with the shift from models such as MT, NLT, and NST to FX, U1, and NX, those new models. Overseas scooter revenues, including electric motorcycles, mopeds, and e-scooters, were $36 million, representing 6% of total scooter revenues. Branded scooter ASP increased to $2,600, up 32% year-over-year, mainly driven by the greater sales mix contribution from electric motorcycles, which commanded the higher retail prices. Accessories, spare parts, and services revenue were RMB 95 million. Up 11% year-over-year and accounted for 14% of total revenues. This increase was primarily driven by the higher revenues from new smart services as well as from accessories, spare parts sales in China market.

Speaker #1: Those new models overseas revenues , including electronic motorcycles , mopeds and scooters , were 36 million , representing 6% of total scooter revenues .

Speaker #1: Blended scooter AFP increased to 2600 , up 32% year over year , mainly driven by the greater sales mix contribution from electronic motorcycles , which commanded a higher retail prices Accessories , spare parts and services revenue were 95% , up 11% year over year and accounted for 14% of total revenues .

Speaker #1: This increase was primarily driven by a higher revenues from New smart services , as well as some accessories . Spare parts sales in China market For the full year 2025 , the total revenue increased by 31% from 3.3 billion last year to 4.3 billion this year , and China's revenue as a whole saw a nearly 42% year over year increase from 2.6 billion last year to 3.6 billion this year , taking 93% of total scooter revenues overseas .

Wenjuan Zhou: For the full year 2025, the total revenue increased by 31% from RMB 3.3 billion last year to RMB 4.3 billion this year. China scooter revenue as a whole saw a nearly 42% year-over-year increase from RMB 2.6 billion last year to RMB 3.6 billion this year, taking 93% of total scooter revenues. Overseas scooter revenues decreased by 33% from RMB 397 million last year to RMB 267 million this year, taking 7% of total scooter revenues. The total overseas revenues, including scooters and non-scooters, contributing to nearly 7% of the total revenues. Let's take a look at ASP in 2025. The overall scooter ASP increased slightly from RMB 3,203 last year to RMB 3,269 this year.

Fion Zhou: For the full year 2025, the total revenue increased by 31% from RMB 3.3 billion last year to RMB 4.3 billion this year. China scooter revenue as a whole saw a nearly 42% year-over-year increase from RMB 2.6 billion last year to RMB 3.6 billion this year, taking 93% of total scooter revenues. Overseas scooter revenues decreased by 33% from RMB 397 million last year to RMB 267 million this year, taking 7% of total scooter revenues. The total overseas revenues, including scooters and non-scooters, contributing to nearly 7% of the total revenues. Let's take a look at ASP in 2025. The overall scooter ASP increased slightly from RMB 3,203 last year to RMB 3,269 this year.

Speaker #1: Scooter revenues decreased by 33% from 397 million last year to 267 million this year , taking 7% of total scooter revenues . The total revenues , including scooters and scooters , contributing to nearly 7% of the total revenues Let's take a look at ASP 2025 .

Speaker #1: The overall ASP increased slightly from RMB 3,203 last year to RMB 3,269 this year. Among this, the China scooter ASP decreased slightly from RMB 3,377 last year to RMB 3,264 this year, primarily due to the changes in the product mix.

Wenjuan Zhou: Among this, the China scooter ASP decreased slightly from RMB 3,377 last year to RMB 3,264 this year, primarily due to the changes in the product mix we mentioned in the previous quarters. In 2024, large-scale scooters like NXT, NQi, and NPlay dominated our best sellers, with the average retail price exceeding RMB 5,000. The more compact model, NQi scooters, with a retail price range from RMB 3,700 to 4,600, emerged as the best seller in 2025. In the meanwhile, the large-scale scooter like NXT, NLT still maintain a strong sales momentum in 2025. The overseas blended scooter ASP was RMB 3,330, nearly 40% increase year-over-year, and driven by the greater proportion of revenue con-

Fion Zhou: Among this, the China scooter ASP decreased slightly from RMB 3,377 last year to RMB 3,264 this year, primarily due to the changes in the product mix we mentioned in the previous quarters. In 2024, large-scale scooters like NXT, NQi, and NPlay dominated our best sellers, with the average retail price exceeding RMB 5,000. The more compact model, NQi scooters, with a retail price range from RMB 3,700 to 4,600, emerged as the best seller in 2025. In the meanwhile, the large-scale scooter like NXT, NLT still maintain a strong sales momentum in 2025. The overseas blended scooter ASP was RMB 3,330, nearly 40% increase year-over-year, and driven by the greater proportion of revenue con-

Speaker #1: We mentioned in the previous quarter's . In 2024 , large scale scooters like next N , T and employee dominated are best sellers , with the average retail price increasing R&B 5000 , while the more compact model MK scooters with a retail price range from R&B 3700 to 4600 emerged as the best seller in 2025 , while in the meanwhile , the large scale scooters like Next and LP still maintain a strong sales momentum .

Speaker #1: In 2025, the overseas scooter was 3,330, nearly a 40% increase year over year, and driven by a greater proportion of revenue.

Speaker #2: Please stand by . While our speaker reconnects . Thank you for your patience . Please stand by while our speaker reconnects Please stand by while our speaker reconnects .

Operator: Please stand by while our speaker reconnects. Thank you for your patience. Speakers, you may proceed. Thank you.

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Speaker #1: Hello . This is where reconnecting . So we continued by the overseas plan schooner SP , the overseas plan scooter SP in 2025 was 3330 , a nearly 40% increase year over year and driven by a greater proportion of revenue contribution from higher priced electronic motorcycles and mopeds .

Wenjuan Zhou: Hello, this is Wenjuan Zhou. We're reconnecting. We continued by the overseas blended scooter ASP. The overseas blended scooter ASP in 2025 was 3,330, a nearly 40% increase year-over-year, and driven by a greater proportion of revenue contribution from higher-priced electric motorcycles and mopeds. The gross margin for Q4 was 15.3%, up 2.9 PPT compared to the same period of last year. The increase was primarily attributed to the continued margin improvements in the domestic market. For the full year 2025, our gross margin was 19.6%, up from 15.2% in the previous year, representing a year-over-year increase of 4.4 PPT. This increase was primarily driven by the China market, reflecting a strategic shift in the product mix towards the higher-margin scooters.

Fion Zhou: Hello, this is Wenjuan Zhou. We're reconnecting. We continued by the overseas blended scooter ASP. The overseas blended scooter ASP in 2025 was 3,330, a nearly 40% increase year-over-year, and driven by a greater proportion of revenue contribution from higher-priced electric motorcycles and mopeds. The gross margin for Q4 was 15.3%, up 2.9 PPT compared to the same period of last year. The increase was primarily attributed to the continued margin improvements in the domestic market. For the full year 2025, our gross margin was 19.6%, up from 15.2% in the previous year, representing a year-over-year increase of 4.4 PPT. This increase was primarily driven by the China market, reflecting a strategic shift in the product mix towards the higher-margin scooters.

Speaker #1: The gross margin for the fourth quarter was 15.3% , up 2.9% compared to the same period of last year , and the increase was primarily attributed to the continued margin improvement in the domestic market for the full year 2025 , our gross margin was 19.6% , up from 15.2% in the previous year , representing a year over year increase of 4.4 pp .

Speaker #1: And this increase was primarily driven by the China market, reflecting a strategic shift in the product mix towards higher-margin scooters.

Speaker #1: For example , the MT and NXT Fcst and etc. along with our continued cost reduction in the domestic market , this was partially offset by a lower gross margin of kick scooters in international markets .

Wenjuan Zhou: For example, the MT, NXT, FXT, and et cetera, along with our continued cost reduction in the domestic market. This was partially offset by a lower gross margin of kick scooters in international markets. The Q4 OpEx was CNY 206 million, CNY 30 million higher than the same period of last year, and the OpEx ratio was 30.5%, compared to 23.6% in Q4 2024. Selling and marketing expenses were CNY 144 million, CNY 8 million higher than the same period of last year, primarily due to the higher rental expenses in the international markets, along with the increased staff cost and higher depreciation and amortization expenses. These were partially offset by a decrease in advertising and promotion expenses in China market.

Fion Zhou: For example, the MT, NXT, FXT, and et cetera, along with our continued cost reduction in the domestic market. This was partially offset by a lower gross margin of kick scooters in international markets. The Q4 OpEx was CNY 206 million, CNY 30 million higher than the same period of last year, and the OpEx ratio was 30.5%, compared to 23.6% in Q4 2024. Selling and marketing expenses were CNY 144 million, CNY 8 million higher than the same period of last year, primarily due to the higher rental expenses in the international markets, along with the increased staff cost and higher depreciation and amortization expenses. These were partially offset by a decrease in advertising and promotion expenses in China market.

Speaker #1: The fourth quarter OpEx was $206 million, $13 million higher than the same period of last year, and the OpEx ratio was 30.5% compared to 23.6% in the fourth quarter of 2024. Selling and marketing expenses were $144 million.

Speaker #1: Higher than the same period of last year, primarily due to the higher rental expenses in the international markets, along with the increased staff costs and higher depreciation and amortization expenses.

Speaker #1: This was partially offset by a decrease in advertising and promotion expenses in China. Market selling and marketing expenses accounted for 21.3% of revenue, compared to 16.6% in the same period of last year.

Wenjuan Zhou: Selling and marketing expenses accounted for 21.3% of revenue, compared to 16.6% in the same period of last year and 12.7% last quarter. Research and development expenses were nearly RMB 50 million, RMB 11 million higher than the same period of last year, mainly due to the higher staff costs, share-based compensation, and increased design and testing expenses. Research and development expenses accounted for 7.3% of revenue, compared to 4.7% in the same period of last year and 2.6% last quarter. General and administrative expenses were nearly RMB 13 million, around RMB 6 million lower than the same period of last year, mainly due to a decrease in taxes and surcharges, which were partially offset by an increase in foreign exchange losses.

Fion Zhou: Selling and marketing expenses accounted for 21.3% of revenue, compared to 16.6% in the same period of last year and 12.7% last quarter. Research and development expenses were nearly RMB 50 million, RMB 11 million higher than the same period of last year, mainly due to the higher staff costs, share-based compensation, and increased design and testing expenses. Research and development expenses accounted for 7.3% of revenue, compared to 4.7% in the same period of last year and 2.6% last quarter. General and administrative expenses were nearly RMB 13 million, around RMB 6 million lower than the same period of last year, mainly due to a decrease in taxes and surcharges, which were partially offset by an increase in foreign exchange losses.

Speaker #1: And 12.7% last quarter . Research and development expenses were nearly 50 million , 11 million higher than the same period of last year , mainly due to the higher staff costs .

Speaker #1: Share based compensation and increased design and testing expenses . Research and development expenses accounted for 7.3% of revenue , compared to 4.7% in the same period of last year and 2.6% last quarter .

Speaker #1: General and administrative expenses were nearly $13 million, around $6 million lower than the same period of last year, mainly due to a decrease in taxes and surcharges, which were partially offset by an increase in foreign exchange losses.

Speaker #1: G&A expenses accounted for 1.8% of revenue and compared to 2.2% in the same period of last year and 2.3% last quarter . For the full year 2025 , the opex were RMB 933 million , 24% higher than last year , and opex ratio was nearly 21.7% compared to 22.8% last year .

Wenjuan Zhou: G&A expenses accounted for 1.8% of revenue, compared to 2.2% in the same period of last year and 2.3% last quarter. For the full year 2025, the OpEx were RMB 933 million, 24% higher than last year, and OpEx ratio were nearly 21.7% compared to 22.8% last year. Selling and marketing expenses were RMB 676 million, RMB 186 million or 38% higher than last year and about 15.7% of revenue, compared to 14.9% in 2024. R&D expenses were RMB 166 million, RMB 36 million or 28% higher than last year and about 3.9% of revenue, compared to 4% in 2024.

Fion Zhou: G&A expenses accounted for 1.8% of revenue, compared to 2.2% in the same period of last year and 2.3% last quarter. For the full year 2025, the OpEx were RMB 933 million, 24% higher than last year, and OpEx ratio were nearly 21.7% compared to 22.8% last year. Selling and marketing expenses were RMB 676 million, RMB 186 million or 38% higher than last year and about 15.7% of revenue, compared to 14.9% in 2024. R&D expenses were RMB 166 million, RMB 36 million or 28% higher than last year and about 3.9% of revenue, compared to 4% in 2024.

Speaker #1: Selling and marketing expenses were 676,000,801 hundred and 86 million , or 38% higher than last year . And about 15.7% of revenue compared to 14.9% in 2020 .

Speaker #1: For R&D expenses were 163 , 66,000,036 million , or 28% higher than last year . And about 3.9% of revenue , compared to 4% in 2020 .

Speaker #1: For G&A expenses were 91,000,040 million , or 30% lower than last year . And about 2.1 percentage of revenue compared to 4% in 2020 .

Wenjuan Zhou: G&A expenses were RMB 91 million, RMB 40 million or 30% lower than last year and about 2.1% of revenue, compared to 4% in 2024. Non-GAAP operating expenses were RMB 906 million, accounted for 21% of revenues compared to 22.1% last year. In Q4, we had a net loss of RMB 88 million and a non-GAAP net loss of RMB 82 million. On a full year basis, we had a net loss of RMB 39 million and a non-GAAP net loss of RMB 12 million. Turning to our balance sheet and cash flow, we ended the year with RMB 1.3 billion in cash, restricted cash, term deposits, and short-term investments. On an annual basis, the operating inflow was around RMB 350 million, primarily reflecting the net income after adjusting for non-cash items.

Fion Zhou: G&A expenses were RMB 91 million, RMB 40 million or 30% lower than last year and about 2.1% of revenue, compared to 4% in 2024. Non-GAAP operating expenses were RMB 906 million, accounted for 21% of revenues compared to 22.1% last year. In Q4, we had a net loss of RMB 88 million and a non-GAAP net loss of RMB 82 million. On a full year basis, we had a net loss of RMB 39 million and a non-GAAP net loss of RMB 12 million. Turning to our balance sheet and cash flow, we ended the year with RMB 1.3 billion in cash, restricted cash, term deposits, and short-term investments. On an annual basis, the operating inflow was around RMB 350 million, primarily reflecting the net income after adjusting for non-cash items.

Speaker #1: For non-GAAP operating expenses were RMB 906 million accounted for 21% of revenues , compared to 22.1% last year . In the fourth quarter , we had a net loss of 88 million , and non-GAAP net loss of 82 million on a full year basis , we had a net loss of 39 million RMB and a non-GAAP net loss of 12 million RMB , turning to our balance sheet and cash flow , we ended the year with $1.3 billion in cash restricted cash , term deposit and short term investments on an annual basis .

Speaker #1: The operating inflow was around RMB 350 million, primarily reflecting the net income after adjusting for non-cash items. Our fourth quarter CapEx was RMB 48 million, and for the full year 2025, the CapEx was RMB 178 million higher than last year.

Wenjuan Zhou: Our Q4 CapEx was RMB 48 million, and for the full year 2025, the CapEx was RMB 178 million, RMB 58 million higher than last year because of the module cost and store expansion in the domestic market. Now let's turn to guidance. We expect the Q1 revenue to be in the range of RMB 887 million to 1,023 million, an increase of 30% to 50% year-over-year. The sales volume for 2026 was expected in the range of 1.67 million to 1.91 million units, as Yan just mentioned.

Fion Zhou: Our Q4 CapEx was RMB 48 million, and for the full year 2025, the CapEx was RMB 178 million, RMB 58 million higher than last year because of the module cost and store expansion in the domestic market. Now let's turn to guidance. We expect the Q1 revenue to be in the range of RMB 887 million to 1,023 million, an increase of 30% to 50% year-over-year. The sales volume for 2026 was expected in the range of 1.67 million to 1.91 million units, as Yan just mentioned.

Speaker #1: Because of the module cost . And store expansion in the domestic market . And now let's turn to guidance . We expect the first quarter revenue to be in the range of R&B 887 million to 1023 million , an increase of 30% to 50% year over year .

Speaker #1: And the sales volume for 2026 was expected in the range of 1.67 million to 1.91 million units . Again , just mentioned . Please be aware that this outlook is based in based on the information available as of the date and reflects the company's current and preliminary expectations , which is subject to change due to the uncertainty related to various factors .

Wenjuan Zhou: Please be aware that this outlook is based on the information available as of the date and reflects the company's current and preliminary expectation, which is subject to change due to the uncertainty related to various factors. With that, we'll now open the call for any questions that you may have for us. Operator, please go ahead.

Fion Zhou: Please be aware that this outlook is based on the information available as of the date and reflects the company's current and preliminary expectation, which is subject to change due to the uncertainty related to various factors. With that, we'll now open the call for any questions that you may have for us. Operator, please go ahead.

Speaker #1: And with that, we're now opening the call for any questions you may have for us. Operator, please go ahead.

Speaker #2: Thank you . So ask a question . You'll need to press star one and one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced to withdraw your question , please press star one and one again , please stand by while we compile the Q&A .

Operator: Thank you. To ask a question, you will need to press star one and one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star one and one again. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A queue. Once again, that's star one and one on your telephone if you'd like to register a question. Please wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star one and one again. We'll now go to our first question. Our first question comes from the line of Yating Chen from CICC. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Speaker #2: Q Once again , that's star one and one on your telephone if you'd like to register a question , please wait for your name to be announced to withdraw your question , please press star one and one again We'll now go to our first question Our first question comes from the line of Yating Chen from C I c c .

Speaker #2: Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Yating Chen: Hi, Yan Li and Wenjuan Zhou. This is Yating Chen from CICC, and I have two quick questions. First, could you share the current inventory situation for your kick scooters in overseas market? And how you are thinking about the kick scooter business in 2026. Second, with the implementation of the new national standard for e-scooters in China, how should we think about the potential cost increase and the company's response? Thank you. That's all my questions.

Speaker #3: Hi Yan and Xian , this is from SEC , and I have two quick questions . First , could you share the current inventory situation for your quick scooters ?

Speaker #3: In overseas markets ? And how you are thinking about the kick scooter business in 2026 ? Second , with the implementation of the new national standard for scooters in China , how should we think about the potential cost increase and the company's response ?

Speaker #3: Thank you. That's all my questions.

Speaker #1: Okay , this is fine . I'll take the first question regarding to the inventory . Actually , we already released the balance sheet figures in our earnings release , and the amount is around 650 million RMB for the whole inventory Inventory a level .

Wenjuan Zhou: Okay, this is Fiona. I'll take the first question. Regarding to the inventory, actually, we already released the balance sheet figures in our earnings release, and the amount is around RMB 650 million for the whole inventory, net inventory level. I should say that more than 50% of our overall inventory are the aged kick scooters, which means more than RMB 300 million inventory are coming from the aged kick scooters.

Fion Zhou: Okay, this is Fiona. I'll take the first question. Regarding to the inventory, actually, we already released the balance sheet figures in our earnings release, and the amount is around RMB 650 million for the whole inventory, net inventory level. I should say that more than 50% of our overall inventory are the aged kick scooters, which means more than RMB 300 million inventory are coming from the aged kick scooters.

Speaker #1: And I should say that more than 50% of our overall inventory are the aged kick scooters, which means more than RMB 300 million of inventory are coming from the HQ.

Speaker #1: Scooters . And that's why , you know . Yan just mentioned in the in the call is that in 2026 , our top priority on the kick scooters is to improve the turnover of the aged inventory , especially the kick scooters to to change the business model into a more lean and straightforward .

Wenjuan Zhou: That's why, you know, Yan Li just mentioned in the call is that in 2026, our top priority on the kick scooters is to improve the turnover of the aged inventory, especially the kick scooters, to change the business model into more lean and straightforward, and with our channel partners. On top of that, I think, you know, for the whole year, 2026, for the kick scooters, we are going to focus on the inventory itself instead of the new models imports.

Fion Zhou: That's why, you know, Yan Li just mentioned in the call is that in 2026, our top priority on the kick scooters is to improve the turnover of the aged inventory, especially the kick scooters, to change the business model into more lean and straightforward, and with our channel partners. On top of that, I think, you know, for the whole year, 2026, for the kick scooters, we are going to focus on the inventory itself instead of the new models imports.

Speaker #1: And with the with our channel partners and on top of that , I think , you know , for the whole year , 2026 , for the kick scooters , we are , we are going to focus on the inventory itself instead of the new models , imports and we are , we , we expected to spend the whole year , 2026 to improve the inventory clearance .

Wenjuan Zhou: Now we expected to spend the whole year 2026 to improve the inventory clearance and also, you know, to change the channel into a more healthier business model to support our going forward kick scooter business.

Fion Zhou: Now we expected to spend the whole year 2026 to improve the inventory clearance and also, you know, to change the channel into a more healthier business model to support our going forward kick scooter business.

Speaker #1: And also , you know , to change the , the channel into a more healthier business model to support our going forward . Kick scooter business

Speaker #4: I think so to address your second question on the cost increase . So we have done a few things . First , I think , you know , with the new standard , because there are material changes .

Yan Li: Hi, Yating Chen, this is Yan Li. To address your second question on the cost increase, we have done a few things. First, I think, you know, with the new standard, because there are material changes, yes, there will be cost increase. We also have increased our retail price, not exactly proportionally, but have increased our price to cover part of the cost increase. Second, we are also, you know, through our cost reduction initiatives, really through engineering, to figure out what are the cost down initiatives to be implemented on each of the scooters, basically, you know, through a platform standardization and also commoditize some of the common parts. That will help us to actually reduce the BOM cost.

Speaker #4: Yes, it will be a cost increase. We have also increased our retail price. Not exactly proportionally, but we have increased our price to cover part of the cost increase.

Speaker #4: Second , we are also , you know , through our cost reduction initiatives , really through engineering to figure out what are the really the costs down initiatives to be implemented on each of the scooters , basically , you know , through a platform standardization and also commoditize some of the common parts that will help us to actually to reduce the Bom cost .

Speaker #4: So by doing so , I think we're , I think we're in good hands to sort of handle the cost increase for the with the new standard

Yan Li: By doing so, I think we're in good hands to sort of handle the cost increase for the, with the new standard.

Speaker #3: It's very clear. Thank you for your answers.

Yating Chen: It's very clear. Thank you for your answers.

Speaker #2: Thank you. There are no further questions at this time, so I'll hand the call back to Doctor Yan Li for closing remarks.

Operator: Thank you. There are no further questions at this time, so I'll hand the call back to Dr. Yan Li for closing remarks.

Speaker #4: All right. Thank you, operator, and thank you all for participating on today's call and for your support. We appreciate your interest and look forward to reporting to you again next quarter on our progress.

Yan Li: All right. Thank you, operator. Thank you all for participating on today's call and for your support. We appreciate your interest and look forward to reporting to you again next quarter on our progress. Thank you.

Speaker #4: Thank you .

Operator: This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect. Speakers, please stand by.

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