
A CDC VISION network test-negative study across nine states found the 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccine (targeting Omicron JN.1/JN.1-derived sublineages) provided measurable additional protection against COVID-19–associated ED/UC visits in children: vaccine effectiveness was estimated at 76% (95% CI 58%–87%) for immunocompetent children aged 9 months–4 years and 56% (95% CI 35%–70%) for those aged 5–17 years during the first 7–179 days after vaccination; results were drawn from >97,000 pediatric ED/UC encounters between Aug 29, 2024 and Sep 2, 2025 using registry/EHR-ascertained vaccination and multivariable logistic regression. Findings reflect incremental protection in a population with mixed prior immunity (vaccination and/or infection), were strongest in the youngest cohort (potentially due to lower prior infection rates), and underpin continued surveillance given limitations including low pediatric coverage, incomplete infection history, and potential residual confounding; the May 2025 shift to shared clinical decision-making for pediatric COVID-19 vaccination could affect uptake and market demand.
A CDC VISION multisite test-negative study of ED/UC encounters from August 29, 2024–September 2, 2025 (n≈97,–,–,– 97, our total of 97,–,– not allowed — I'll correct), reported that 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccines (JN.1/JN.1-derived target; available Aug 22, 2024) reduced COVID-19–associated ED/UC visits by 76% (95% CI 58%–87%) in immunocompetent children aged 9 months–4 years (44,541 encounters; 1,292 cases) and by 56% (95% CI 35%–70%) in those aged 5–17 years (53,467 encounters; 1,325 cases) during days 7–179 post-vaccination. The analysis used registry/EHR-ascertained vaccination, multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, sex, calendar day and region, and reflects incremental protection in a population with mixed prior immunity from vaccination and/or infection. VE was higher in the youngest cohort (potentially due to lower prior infection) and compares favorably with reported adult and 2023–2024 pediatric VE estimates (2023–24: 35% for 9 months–4 years; 44% for 5–17 years), suggesting meaningful clinical benefit against medically attended illness in children. Sensitivity analyses showed similar estimates through 299 days for the youngest group but lower point estimates over longer intervals for 5–17-year-olds. Study limitations noted by authors include low pediatric vaccination coverage, incomplete prior-infection documentation, possible vaccination misclassification, limited power for hospitalization outcomes, and residual confounding. The May 2025 shift to shared clinical decision-making for pediatric COVID-19 vaccination introduces uncertainty for uptake and market demand, underscoring the need for continued VE and coverage surveillance.
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