India continues to face a significant public health challenge with tuberculosis, accounting for 25% of global TB cases and 32% of drug-resistant cases, despite an improved incidence rate of 187 per lakh population. While the country is unlikely to meet its ambitious 2025 elimination target of 77 cases, the Union Health Ministry reports progress, including a 92% treatment coverage and a higher reduction in TB mortality compared to global averages, alongside improved treatment success rates for drug-resistant TB. These trends underscore persistent healthcare investment needs and potential opportunities in pharmaceutical and diagnostic sectors within high-burden emerging markets.
India's tuberculosis (TB) incidence rate stands at 187 per 100,000 population, an improvement from the previous year, yet significantly above the 2025 elimination target of 77 cases. Similarly, TB mortality improved marginally to 21 per 100,000, still over three times the national target. These figures highlight the persistent challenge despite progress. Globally, India remains a critical hotspot, accounting for 25% of total TB cases and a substantial 32% of drug-resistant TB cases in 2024. While the number of new drug-resistant cases is slowly declining, this segment still represents 3.2% of the overall TB burden. The treatment success rate for drug-resistant TB improved to 71% from 68% year-over-year. The Union Health Ministry reports a higher reduction in TB mortality compared to global averages and an increased treatment coverage of 92%, positioning India ahead of other high-burden nations. Innovative case-finding strategies led to 26.18 lakh diagnoses in 2024, effectively reducing "missing cases" from an estimated 27 lakh incidence. This indicates robust public health efforts despite the scale of the challenge.
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