Q4 2025 T1 Energy Inc Earnings Call

March 31, 2026

Operator: Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the T1 Energy Q4 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants are in listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there'll be a question-and-answer session. To ask a question during the session, you'll need to press star one one on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. To withdraw your question, please press star one one again. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I'll now hand the conference over to your first speaker today, Jeffrey Spittel, Executive Vice President, Investor Relations and Corporate Development. Please go ahead.

Speaker #1: Good day and thank you for standing by . Welcome to the T1 energy fourth quarter earnings conference call . At this time , all participants are in listen only mode After the speaker's presentation , there will be a question and answer session .

Speaker #1: To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star one on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised.

Speaker #1: To withdraw your question , please press star one one again . Please revise that . Today's conference is being recorded . On the conference .

Speaker #1: Over to your speaker today , Jeffrey Spittel Executive Vice President , Investor Relations and Corporate Development . Please go ahead .

Jeffrey Spittel: Good morning, and welcome to T1 Energy's Q4 and full year 2025 earnings conference call. Before we get started, please turn to page 2 for our forward-looking statements disclaimer. During today's call, management may make forward-looking statements about our business. These forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. Most of these factors are outside T1's control and are difficult to predict. Additional information about risk factors that could materially affect our business is available in our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and our other filings made with the SEC, all of which are available on the investor relations section of our website. Turning to slide 3.

Speaker #2: Good morning, and welcome to T1 Energy's fourth quarter and full year 2025 earnings conference call. Before we get started, please turn to page two for our forward-looking statements.

Speaker #2: Disclaimer . During today's call , managers may make forward looking statements about our business These forward looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations .

Speaker #2: Most of these factors are outside T1's control and are difficult to predict. Additional information about risk factors that could materially affect our business is available in our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and our other filings made with the SEC.

Speaker #2: All of which are available on the Investor Relations section of our website. Turning to slide three, with me today on the call are Dan, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, and Otto Bergesen, our SVP of Project Engineering.

Jeffrey Spittel: With me today on the call are Dan Barcelo, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, Otto Bergesen, our SVP of Project Engineering, Evan Calio, our Chief Financial Officer, and Jaime Gualy, our Chief Operating Officer. With that, I'll turn the call over to Dan.

Speaker #2: Evan Kallio, our Chief Financial Officer, and Jaime Gualy, our Chief Operating Officer. With that, I'll turn the call over to Dan.

Daniel Barcelo: Thanks, Jeff, and welcome everyone to our Q4 and full year 2025 earnings call. Our theme for today's call is Finishing What We Started. 2025 was the year we built T1's foundation. In 2026, we are building our G2 Austin solar cell fab to complete our vertically integrated domestic solar chain in the US market that completely changed on 1 January 2026 with the implementation of new federal rules on foreign content and ownership. Next year, 2027, is the year we intend to deliver a step change in our ability to generate earnings and cash flow as a US solar leader delivering high domestic content. While we execute these core objectives of our strategy, we also plan to stack additional EBITDA streams through organic and inorganic opportunities. During the Q4 and so far in 2026, we have made significant strides to realize this vision.

Speaker #3: Thanks , Jeff , and welcome everyone to our fourth quarter and full year 2025 earnings call . Our theme for today's call is finishing what we started .

Speaker #3: 25 was the year we built T1's Foundation . In 2026 , we were building our G2 Austin Solar Cell Fab to complete our vertically integrated domestic solar chain in the US market that completely changed on January 1st with the implementation of new federal rules on foreign content and ownership Next year , 2027 , is the year we intend to deliver a step change in our ability to generate earnings and cash flow .

Speaker #3: As a US solar leader , delivering high domestic content while we execute these core objectives of our strategy . We also plan to stack additional EBITDA streams through organic and inorganic opportunities during the fourth quarter , and so far in 2026 , we have made significant strides to realize this vision .

Daniel Barcelo: Let's turn to slide four for a review of T1's remarkable progress in Q4, during which we announced several important milestones and transactions. Building on the extended supply agreement with Hemlock Semiconductor, we announced a supply partnership with NextPower. Together, these relationships serve as critical building blocks to advance our vision of developing a fully integrated American polysilicon-based solar supply chain. We also executed two transactions to fund T1's growth and expansion plans, including a $72 million registered direct common equity offering and a $50 million convertible preferred tranche from certain funds and accounts managed by Encompass Capital Advisors, one of our founding investors. In November, I met with Vice President JD Vance in Washington, DC to discuss the resurgence of American energy and advanced manufacturing and our commitment to establishing domestic solar supply chains.

Speaker #3: Let's turn to slide four for a review of T1's remarkable progress in the fourth quarter, during which we announced several important milestones and transactions.

Speaker #3: Building on the extended supply agreement with Hemlock Corning, we announced the supply partnership with NEX Power. Together, these relationships serve as critical building blocks to advance our vision of developing a fully integrated American polysilicon-based solar supply chain.

Speaker #3: We also executed two transactions to fund T1's growth and expansion plans, including a $72 million registered direct common equity offering and a $50 million convertible preferred tranche from certain funds and accounts managed by Encompass Capital Advisors, one of our founding investors.

Speaker #3: In November , I met with Vice President JD Vance in Washington , DC to discuss the resurgence of American energy and advanced manufacturing and our commitment to establishing domestic solar supply chains as a momentum continued to build .

Daniel Barcelo: As our momentum continued to build, we returned to the capital markets in December with our concurrent common equity and convertible notes offerings, raising combined gross proceeds of $322 million and adding several new institutional investors to T1's capital structure. Capital is and will remain the lifeblood of T1's growth ambitions over the near term. The funding from the December transaction strengthened T1's balance sheet and positioned us to begin phase 1 construction of our G2 Austin solar cell fab. Following the completion of phase 1, we expect to begin producing high efficiency, high domestic content solar cells by the end of this year with an annual capacity of 2.1GW.

Speaker #3: We returned to the capital markets in December with our concurrent common equity and convertible notes offerings, raising combined gross proceeds of $322 million and adding several new institutional investors to T1's capital structure. Capital is, and will remain, the lifeblood of T1's growth ambitions over the near term.

Speaker #3: The funding from the December transaction strengthened T1's balance sheet and positioned us to begin phase one construction of our G2 Austin Solar Cell Fab. Following the completion of phase one, we expect to begin producing high efficiency, high domestic content.

Speaker #3: Solar cells. By the end of this year, with an annual capacity of 2.1 GW. Our successful capital formation initiatives and the start of construction at G2 triggered an important commercial milestone when T1 announced the strategic partnership with Treaty Oak Clean Energy, highlighted by its three-year agreement for T1 to supply 900 MW of G1 modules, with G2 domestic sales starting in 2027.

Daniel Barcelo: Our successful capital formation initiatives and the start of construction at G2 triggered an important commercial milestone when T1 announced a strategic partnership with Treaty Oak Clean Energy, highlighted by a three-year agreement for T1 to supply 900MW of G1 modules with G2 domestic cells starting in 2027. Also in December, we completed a series of transactions intended to preserve our eligibility for the Section 45X tax credits under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. Importantly, we also validated our ability to monetize the credits by completing our first sale of 45X credits to a US financial institution. As we'll discuss shortly, our team at G1 Dallas continued to demonstrate their world-class capabilities during Q4.

Speaker #3: Also in December, we completed a series of transactions intended to preserve our eligibility for the Section 45 tax credits under the One Big, Beautiful Bill Act. Importantly, we also validated our ability to monetize the credits by completing our first sale of 45 credits to a U.S. financial institution.

Speaker #3: As we'll discuss shortly , our team at G1 Dallas continue to demonstrate their world class capabilities during Q4 with the factory fully operational and demand for merchant volumes bolstered by customers clearing out 45 x eligible inventory before year end quarterly production and sales surpassed one gigawatt for the first time at our state of the art facility Our busy fourth quarter capped off an impressive year at T1 , and we were excited to carry that momentum into 2026 .

Daniel Barcelo: With the factory fully operational, demand for merchant volumes bolstered by customers clearing out 45X eligible inventory before year-end, quarterly production and sales surpassed 1 gigawatt for the first time at our state-of-the-art facility. Our busy Q4 capped off an impressive year at T1, and we were excited to carry that momentum into 2026. With that, let's turn to slide 5 for an update on the business. G2 Austin, our US solar cells fab that is under construction, has been the centerpiece of our business plans from the start of our journey as a US solar company. We believe that demand for domestically manufactured US polysilicon-based solar cells is meaningfully underserved, and while G1 has been our entry point into the US utility scale market, G2 is expected to be the driver of margins, earnings, and cash flow.

Speaker #3: So with that, let's turn to slide five for an update on the business. G2 Austin, our US solar cell fab that is under construction, has been the centerpiece of our business plans from the start of our journey as a US solar company.

Speaker #3: We believe that demand for domestically manufactured US polysilicon based solar cells is meaningfully underserved . And while G1 has been our entry point into the US utility scale market , G2 is expected to be the driver of margins , earnings , and cash flow .

Daniel Barcelo: This morning, I am pleased to report that the first phase of construction of G2 Austin is progressing on schedule. April should be a busy month on site as first steel is scheduled to be erected within the next few weeks. While we have deployed meaningful capital to advance construction of G2 Austin, our sales and finance teams have been busy working to secure an additional offtake contract and to line up capital formation options required to achieve full financial close on phase one of G2 Austin. We remain in advanced discussions on both fronts and expect to close funding in April. As Evan will discuss later, we have multiple potential options to fund the first phase of G2, and we plan to select the financing pathway that provides the best balance of cost, speed, structure, and quantum for T1 and our investors.

Speaker #3: This morning , I am pleased to report that the first phase of construction of G2 Austin is progressing on schedule . April should be a busy month on site , as First Steel is scheduled to be erected within the next few weeks While we have deployed meaningful capital to advance construction of G2 Austin , our sales and finance teams have been busy working to secure an additional off take contract and to line up capital formation .

Speaker #3: Options required to achieve full financial close on Phase One, G2 Austin. We remain in advanced discussions on both fronts and expect to close funding in April.

Speaker #3: As Evan will discuss later , we have multiple potential options to fund the first phase of G2 , and we plan to select the financing pathway that provides the best balance of cost , speed , structure and quantum for T1 and our investors Following a successful ramp up at G1 Dallas , our fully operational five gigawatt solar module facility , we achieved records in production and sales in Q4 .

Daniel Barcelo: Following a successful ramp up at G1 Dallas, our fully operational 5GW solar module facility, we achieved records in production and sales in Q4 when we expanded our customer base through merchant sales. As we move through 2026 with a 3GW on either cost plus or fixed margin offtake contracts, we are seeing higher indicative pricing in the merchant market and we expect that T1's module production costs will decline. We are maintaining our production and sales targets of 3.1 to 4.2GW for G1 in 2026, and we are growing increasingly comfortable with our ability to achieve the high end of that target range. As near-term variables, including a potential Section 232 ruling and H2 customer demand post safe harbor deadlines come into clearer focus, we will update investors with more detailed 2026 guidance.

Speaker #3: When we expanded our customer base through merchant sales . As we move through 2026 with a three gigawatt on either cost plus or fixed margin offtake contracts , we are seeing higher indicative pricing in the merchant market , and we expect the T1 module production costs will decline We are maintaining our production and sales targets of 3.1 to 4.2 gigawatts for G1 in 2026 , and we are growing increasingly comfortable with our ability to achieve the high end of that target range as near-term variables , including a potential section 232 ruling and second half customer demand post safe harbor deadlines come into clearer focus .

Speaker #3: We will update investors with more detailed 2026 guidance. T1's profile within the industry continues to rise, yielding attractive opportunities to stack EBITDA and expand our commercial presence within the utility-scale and AI development ecosystems.

Daniel Barcelo: T1's profile within the industry continues to rise, yielding attractive opportunities to stack EBITDA and expand our commercial presence within the utility scale and AI development ecosystems. The deal flow we are seeing is a result of companies wanting to partner with T1, and we will continue to evaluate opportunities that fit strategically, culturally, and financially with T1's priorities. T1 is an American company focused on building a critical domestic solar supply chain, but we also intend to unlock value from the legacy assets in our European portfolio, which are attracting growing interest from potential partners to support AI infrastructure. Earlier this month, we reported an important step to monetize our Nordic data center asset, the restoration of a 50MW grid allowance in Mo i Rana, Norway.

Speaker #3: The deal flow we are seeing is a result of companies wanting to partner with T1, and we will continue to evaluate opportunities that fit strategically, culturally, and financially with T1's priorities.

Speaker #3: T1 is an American company focused on building a critical domestic solar supply chain , but we also intend to unlock value from the legacy assets in our European portfolio , which are attracting growing interest from potential partners to support AI infrastructure Earlier this month , we reported an important step to monetize our Nordic data Center asset , the restoration of a 50 megawatt grid allowance in Norway This initial power allowance better positions T1 to accelerate discussions to monetize its asset , and we have an application in the queue for up to 396MW to unlock .

Daniel Barcelo: This initial power allowance better positions T1 to accelerate discussions to monetize this asset, and we have an application in the queue for up to 396 megawatts to unlock additional value. All these steps are intended to position T1 to generate meaningfully higher EBITDA in 2027 and beyond as we navigate this bridge year to G2. Let's turn to slide 6, please. The ramp up at G1 Dallas kicked into high gear in Q4, which was punctuated by record production, sales, and the delivery of merchant volumes to major new customers. In roughly one year, the T1 operations team has taken G1 from initial production to maximum daily run rates over our 5 gigawatt nameplate capacity.

Speaker #3: Additional value. All these steps are intended to position T1 to generate meaningfully higher EBITDA in 2027 and beyond. As we navigate this bridge year to G2, let's turn to slide six.

Speaker #3: Please The ramp up at G1 Dallas kicked into high gear in the fourth quarter , which was punctuated by record production and sales , and the delivery of merchant volumes to major new customers in roughly one year , the T1 operations team has taken G1 from initial production to maximum daily run rates over our five gigawatt nameplate capacity .

Daniel Barcelo: With a strong finish to the year, we produced a total of 2.79GW of solar modules in 2025, meeting our annual production target. This progress reflects the talent and dedication of our people and gives us strong confidence in our ability to build on this momentum in 2026 and beyond. We believe that G1 is poised to generate improved margin performance in 2026. We expect production sales to ramp sequentially throughout the year, and we anticipate that sales and EBITDA will improve each quarter through year-end based on our contracted delivery schedules and our expectation for reduced overall costs. With project development timelines adjusting to the new supply chain regulations, we are working with customers and anticipate moving some Q1 deliveries into Q2. T1 has 3GW of G1 modules under contract for 2026.

Speaker #3: With the strong finish to the year, we produced a total of 2.79 GW of solar modules in 2025, meeting our annual production target. This progress reflects the talent and dedication of our people and gives us strong confidence in our ability to build on this momentum in 2026 and beyond. We believe that G1 is poised to generate improved margin performance in 2026.

Speaker #3: We expect production and sales to ramp sequentially throughout the year, and we anticipate that sales and EBITDA will improve each quarter through year-end based on our contracted delivery schedules and our expectation for reduced overall costs.

Speaker #3: With project development timelines, adjusting to the new supply chain regulations, we are working with customers and anticipate moving some Q1 deliveries into Q2. T1 has three gigawatts of G1 modules under contract for 2026.

Daniel Barcelo: Our supply chain team is sourcing cells through international suppliers who have certified their non-FIOC status to feed G1 during the bridge period ahead of the anticipated start of production at G2 in Q4 2026. In total, we plan to procure between 3.1GW and 4.2GW of cells through our global vendor network. As we continue to engage with and qualify new cell suppliers to G1, we are growing increasingly confident in our ability to procure high-quality cells closer to the high end of this range. With that, I'll turn it over to Otto Bergesen, our SVP of Project Engineering, for an update on the construction of G2 Austin.

Speaker #3: Our supply chain team is sourcing cells through international suppliers who have certified their non-status to feed G1 during the bridge period ahead of the anticipated start of production at G2 in Q4 2026.

Speaker #3: In total, we plan to procure between 3.1 and 4.2 gigawatts of cells through our global vendor network. As we continue to engage with and qualify new cell suppliers to G1.

Speaker #3: We are growing increasingly confident in our ability to procure high quality cells closer to the high end of this range . And with that , I'll turn it over to Otto , our SVP of Project Engineering , for an update on the construction of G2 .

Otto Bergesen: Thank you, Dan. Let's move to Slide 7. Construction of the first 2.1GW phase of G2 Austin continues on schedule. We're advancing towards some exciting milestones over the next several weeks on site. As a reminder, we're pursuing a two-phase approach to reach more than 5GW of capacity at G2. Phase one will be a 2.1GW fab, which we plan to follow with a second phase of at least 3.2GW. Following the start of construction in December, our team, in close cooperation with Yates Construction as our general contractor, has made excellent progress. The G2 site has been leveled, the building pad is prepared, and foundation work has started with concrete works following shortly. We placed the order for structural steel back in November.

Speaker #3: Austin .

Speaker #4: Thank you, Don. Let's move to slide seven. Construction of the first 2.1 GW phase of G2 Austin continues on schedule.

Speaker #4: We're advancing towards some exciting milestones over the next several weeks on site As a reminder , we're pursuing a two phased approach to reach more than five gigawatts of capacity at G2 .

Speaker #4: Phase one will be a 2.1GW fab , which we plan to follow with a second phase of at least 3.2GW . Following the start of construction in December .

Speaker #4: Our team , in close cooperation with Yates Construction as our general contractor , has made excellent progress . The G2 site has been leveled .

Speaker #4: The building pad is prepared, and foundation work has started, with concrete works following shortly. We placed the order for structural steel back in November.

Otto Bergesen: The first full section is on track for delivery and erection in April, marking a key step towards our goal of producing first cells by the end of 2026. Our design team, together with S2 Engineering as our engineer of record, has also been working hard in clearing items off our punch lists. We're currently at 90% design and have locked in the production line equipment design in concert with our turnkey equipment vendor, Laplace. The comprehensive engineering work and planning that we've done over the past 15 months enabled us to start manufacturing of the production line equipment earlier this month, and we expect the equipment to arrive in the US over the summer. With the support of T1's board of directors, we have deployed significant cash to reduce the remaining CapEx required to complete phase one, which now stands at $350 million.

Speaker #4: The first full section is on track for delivery and erection in April, marking a key step towards our goal of producing first cells by the end of 2026.

Speaker #4: Our design team , together with Zoe Engineering as our engineer of record , has also been working hard and clearing items off our punch list We're currently at 90% design and have locked in the production line .

Speaker #4: Equipment design in concert with our turnkey equipment vendor Laplace . The comprehensive engineering work and planning that we've done over the past 15 months enabled us to start manufacturing of the production line equipment earlier this month , and we expect the equipment to arrive in the US over the summer with the support of T1's board of directors .

Speaker #4: We have deployed significant cash to reduce the remaining CapEx required to complete phase one, which now stands at $350 million. This has enabled us to place orders for critical long lead items to protect the overall timeline. So the teams are working well together, and we have some major milestones ahead of us in the next several weeks.

Otto Bergesen: This has enabled us to place orders for critical long lead items to protect the overall timeline. The teams are working well together, and we have some major milestones ahead of us in the next several weeks. We look forward to sharing updates from G2 over our social media channels to document this progress. We're excited to bring this flagship US solar cell fab into operation, which is expected to be the engine of T1's cash flow in the Q4 of 2026. Now I'll turn the call back over to Dan.

Speaker #4: We look forward to sharing updates from G2 over our social media channels to document this progress . We're excited to bring this flagship US solar cell Fab into operation , which is expected to be the engine T1's cash flow in the fourth quarter of 2026 .

Daniel Barcelo: Thanks, Otto. Let's turn to slide 8. 2025 was a year to build the commercial foundation of T1 as a US solar manufacturing leader. The capabilities our team has demonstrated both at G1 and now during the construction of G2 have been instrumental to the growth in our customer base, our first major offtake contract with Treaty Oak to source G1 modules with G2 cells, and our ongoing discussions with additional potential offtake partners and merchant customers. To date, T1 has already sold and delivered modules to some of the largest utilities and developers in the US without sharing names publicly. While we continue to advance discussions related to additional offtake agreements for integrated G1, G2 modules, we are seeing indications of meaningful merchant demand for both our current G1 modules with international cells and our high domestic content modules in 2027 and beyond.

Speaker #4: And now I'll turn the call back over to Dan

Speaker #3: Thanks , Otto . Let's turn to slide eight . 2020 was a year to build the commercial foundation of T1 . As a US solar manufacturing leader .

Speaker #3: The capabilities our team has demonstrated both at G1 and now during the construction of G2 have been instrumental to the growth in our customer base.

Speaker #3: Our first major offtake contract with Treaty Oak to source G1 modules with G2 cells, and our ongoing discussions with additional potential offtake partners and merchant customers.

Speaker #3: To date, T1 has already sold and delivered modules to some of the largest utilities and developers in the US, without sharing names publicly.

Speaker #3: And while we continue to advance discussions related to additional offtake agreements for integrated G1 and G2 modules, we are seeing indications of meaningful merchant demand for both our current G1 modules with international sales and our high domestic content modules.

Daniel Barcelo: Today, we are in discussions with current and potential customers for nearly 13GW of merchant sales opportunities in addition to the advanced offtake pursuits that represent more than 10GW of demand from some of the largest US utilities and developers. When combined with approximately 18GW of mid-stage pursuits, we have a total opportunity set of 41GW. With that, I'll turn the call over to Evan for a review of our financials and an update on our capital formation initiatives.

Speaker #3: In 2027 , and beyond Today , we are in discussions with current and potential customers for nearly 13GW of merchant sales opportunities . In addition to the advanced offtake pursuits that represent more than ten gigawatts of demand from some of the largest US utilities and developers When combined with approximately 18GW of mid-stage pursuits , we have a total opportunity set of 41GW .

Speaker #3: And with that, I'll turn the call over to Evan for a review of our financials and an update on our capital formation initiatives.

Joseph Evan Calio: Thanks, Dan. Please turn to slide 9. T1 ended 2025 with a much improved liquidity position and a fully ramped factory that hit our production targets. With equity market capitalization expanded by more than 11 times from our 2025 spring lows to the year-end, we were able to raise more than $440 million in Q4, enabling us to start construction of G2, execute a series of contracts to preserve our 45X compliance, and establish a solid financial foundation for our business as we grow in 2026 and beyond. From this position of strength, we've been deploying meaningful cash from our balance sheet to fund critical stages of G2 Austin construction, which reduced our remaining capital needed to fully fund phase one.

Speaker #5: Thanks, Dan. Please turn to slide nine. T1 ended 2025 with a much improved liquidity position and a fully ramped factory that hit our production targets, with equity market capitalization expanded by more than eleven times from our 2025 spring lows to the year end.

Speaker #5: We were able to raise more than $440 million in the fourth quarter, enabling us to start construction of G2, execute a series of contracts to preserve our 45X compliance, and establish a solid financial foundation for our business.

Speaker #5: As we grow in 2026 and beyond . From this position of strength , we've been deploying meaningful cash from our balance sheet to fund critical stages of G2 , Austin Construction , which reduced our remaining capital needed to fully fund phase one in the coming months .

Joseph Evan Calio: In the coming months, we are focused on selecting the optimal solution to achieve full financial close at G2. Our first year at T1 was dynamic, and there were a number of moving parts that impacted 2025 EBITDA, much of which we believe were one-time related to the implementation of new One Big Beautiful Bill Act restrictions before the start of 2026 and account for much of the miss versus guidance. The non-recurring and unusual items include the following: An accounting classification of $34 million sales commission waiver we received. Although we previously accrued for this savings through the P&L, accounting standards would not let us recognize the reversal of this item on the P&L despite the favorable cash impact.

Speaker #5: We are focused on selecting the optimal solution to achieve full financial close at G2. Our first year at T1 was dynamic, and there were a number of moving parts that impacted 2025 EBITDA.

Speaker #5: Much of which we believe were one time related to the implementation of new O triple A restrictions before the start of 2026 , and account for much of the miss versus guidance .

Speaker #5: The non-recurring and unusual items included the following . An accounting classification of 34 million Sales Commission waiver . We received . Although we previously accrued for the savings to the PNL , accounting standards would not let us recognize the reversal of this item on the PNL .

Speaker #5: Despite the favorable cash impact , net sales were 16 million lower than expected from an inventory sale that was tied to changing regulatory restrictions at year end , where we had to sell into a weak market to retain 45 X .

Joseph Evan Calio: Net sales were $16 million lower than expected from an inventory sale that was tied to changing regulatory restrictions at year-end, where we had to sell into a weak market to retain 45X given the one-time implementation of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act DOAC change. Net sales were $22.7 million lower due to a customer offtake true-up. Lastly, in advance of new supply chain restrictions, we incurred $15 million in higher than forecasted tariffs on imported cells. Let's move to slide 10, please. Looking ahead to 2026 and 2027, T1 is well-positioned to navigate this bridge year to G2. On production, we're maintaining our guidance of 3.1 to 4.2 gigawatts. As we continue to qualify new cell suppliers, we're increasingly confident in our ability to deliver towards the high end of the range in 2026.

Speaker #5: Given the one time implementation of O triple B , A change Net sales were 22.7 million lower due to customer off take true up and lastly , in advance of new supply chain restrictions , we incurred $15 million in higher than forecasted tariffs on imported cells .

Speaker #5: Let's move to slide ten. Please. Looking ahead to 2026 and 2027, T1 is well positioned to navigate this bridge year to G2 on production.

Speaker #5: We're maintaining our guidance of 3.1 to 4.2 gigawatts as we continue to qualify new cell suppliers where increasingly confident in our ability to deliver towards the high end of the range in 2026 , with three gigawatts under contract for 2026 , we have solid visibility , but there's some meaningful swing factors that we expect to play out in the near term that will bring the year into clear focus for T1 number one , as a large buyer of US polysilicon , the potential for a ruling in the section 232 case has potential meaningful impact for our merchant capacity pricing in 2026 and beyond .

Joseph Evan Calio: With 3GW under contract for 2026, we have solid visibility, but there's some meaningful swing factors that we expect to play out in the near term that will bring the year into clearer focus for T1. Number one, as a large buyer of US polysilicon, the potential for a ruling in a Section 232 case has potential meaningful impact for our merchant capacity pricing in 2026 and beyond. Number two, as we expand our global vendor network of qualified cell suppliers, there may be potential to bring additional volumes. Three, customer safe harboring activity and projected timelines are still adjusting to the new regulatory climate. Our 2026 outlook is underpinned by several important distinctions between our position today and where we were at the start of 2025.

Speaker #5: Number two, as we expand our global vendor network of qualified cell suppliers, there may be potential to bring additional volumes. And three, customer safe harboring activity and projected timelines are still adjusting to the new regulatory climate.

Speaker #5: Our 2026 outlook is underpinned by several important distinctions between our position today and where we were at the start of 2025 . Number one , with our organization maturing and year end contract changes , we are moving away from service agreements with Trina , which save an estimated 30 to $100 million at a 3 to 5 gigawatt run rate .

Joseph Evan Calio: Number one, with our organization maturing and year-end contract changes, we are moving away from service agreements with Trina, which save an estimated $30 to 100 million at a 3 to 5GW run rate. These arise from the deletion of the trademark licensing agreement and the inapplicability of sales commission resulting from the deletion of the TLA. Number two, we entered 2026 with 3GW under firm offtake contracts, which is more than double the contract coverage we had in 2025. As a reminder, these contracts include a 1GW cost plus contract and a 2GW fixed margin contract, both which represent superior economics compared to our full year sales mix in 2025.

Speaker #5: These arise from the deletion of the trademark licensing agreement and the inapplicability of sales commission resulting from the deletion of the TLA. Number two, we entered 2026 with three gigawatts under firm offtake contracts, which is more than double the contract coverage we had in 2025.

Speaker #5: As a reminder , these contracts include a one gigawatt cost plus contract and a two gigawatt fixed margin contract , both which represent represent superior economics compared to our full year sales mix in 2025 .

Joseph Evan Calio: Number three, as Dan mentioned in the commercial update, we are fielding meaningful inbound customer interest for volumes in later 2026 as developers work down inventory and move past July 2026 safe harboring milestones. Number four, G1 Dallas started 2026 fully operational and capable of producing above nameplate capacity. Recall that installations and commissioning activity was ongoing at G1 through H1 of 2025. While 2026 represents a bridge to an expected step change in T1's earnings power with G2 Austin, we're confident that 2026 will be significantly better year for T1 in terms of profitable operations. Within 2026, we're deferring some Q1 deliveries and expect a significant shift of sales volumes from Q1 to Q2 2026 due to customer requests and timelines.

Speaker #5: Number three , as Dan mentioned in the commercial update , we are fielding meaningful inbound customer interest for volumes in later 2020 . Six as developers worked on inventory and move past July 20th , 26 .

Speaker #5: Safe Harbor milestones number four: G1 Dallas started in 2026 fully operational and capable of producing above nameplate capacity. Recall that installation and commissioning activity was ongoing at G1 through the first half of 2025, so while 2026 represents a bridge to an expected step change in T1's earnings power with G2 Austin, we're confident that 2026 will be significantly better.

Speaker #5: Year for T1 in terms of profitable operations within 2026 . We're deferring some one Q deliveries and expect a significant shift of sales volumes from one Q to two Q 26 due to customer requests and timelines .

Joseph Evan Calio: The shift does not change our expected 2026 revenue or adjusted EBITDA, only the timing. There are also no changes to our run rate EBITDA projections as we achieve integrated production between G1, G2, as in the table. Now let's move to slide 11 for overview on our capital formation initiatives. Following our successful capital raise in Q4, our finance team has been advancing multiple options to fund the remaining capital required to complete phase 1 of G2 Austin. While speed is the essence for G2, our strength and balance sheet has enabled us to prudently evaluate multiple funding pathways to ensure we arrive at the appropriate blend of cost, leverage, structure, duration, and the potential for counterparty halo effects.

Speaker #5: The shift does not change our expected 2026 revenue or adjusted EBITDA, only the timing. There are also no changes to our run rate.

Speaker #5: EBITDA projections as we achieve integrated production between G1 and G2 are shown in the table. Now, let's move to slide 11 for an overview of our capital formation initiatives.

Speaker #5: Following our successful capital raise in the fourth quarter, our finance team has been advancing multiple options to fund the remaining capital required to complete phase one of G2 Austin.

Speaker #5: While speed is the essence for G2 , our strength and balance sheet has enabled us to prudently evaluate multiple funding pathways to ensure we arrive at the appropriate blend of cost , leverage , structure , duration and the potential for counterparty halo effects .

Joseph Evan Calio: To be clear, we have had opportunities to enter into transactions to fund the first phase of G2, but we have elected to pursue what we believe are more attractive options. With the capital we've already deployed at G2, we've maintained the projected schedule and timeline, so we are now targeting full financial close of the remaining $350 million at G2 in April. Our confidence in our ability to fund this phase of our growth is founded by the transformation in our investor base across T1's capital structure since last summer, and the ongoing interest in partnering with T1 from a host of institutions, strategics, and lenders. Now I'll turn the call back to Dan.

Speaker #5: To be clear , we have had opportunities to enter into transactions to fund the first phase of G2 , but we have elected to pursue what we believe are more attractive options with the capital .

Speaker #5: We have already deployed at G2. We've maintained the projected schedule and timeline, so we are now targeting full financial close of the remaining $350 million of G2 in April. Our confidence in our ability to fund this phase of our growth is founded by the transformation in our investor base across T1 capital structure.

Speaker #5: Since last summer and the ongoing interest in partnering with T1 from a host of institutions, strategics, and lenders. And now I'll turn the call back to Dan.

Daniel Barcelo: Thanks, Evan. Let's turn to slide 12. Elon Musk's recent announcement of his intentions to construct 100GW of US domestic solar capacity has been the talk of the solar industry in recent weeks. Just last week, he also announced plans to construct Terafab, a $20 billion chip facility here in Austin. While we can't speak for other companies, we believe these announcements have positive implications for the solar industry in general, and for T1 specifically. Our North Star at T1 is to invest in American advanced manufacturing and to establish critical domestic supply chains to power AI, electrification, and onshoring. Having much larger companies such as Tesla and SpaceX implement a similar playbook here in our home state suggests two things.

Speaker #3: Thanks, Devin. Let's turn to slide 12. Elon Musk's recent announcement of his intentions to construct 100 GW of U.S. domestic solar capacity has been the talk of the solar industry in recent weeks.

Speaker #3: Just last week , he also announced plans to construct Tera Fab , a $20 billion chip facility here in Austin . While we can't speak for other companies , we believe these announcements have positive implications for the solar industry in general and for T1 specifically , our North Star at T1 is to invest in American advanced manufacturing and to establish critical domestic supply chains to power AI , electrification and onshoring having much larger companies such as Tesla and SpaceX implement a similar playbook here in our home state , suggests two things T1 is on the right path , and the support that Elon's companies are likely to receive in building out domestic manufacturing in Texas should create additional momentum for landmark projects like our G2 Austin Solar Cell Fab and Elon's selection of solar as a central pillar of power generation to support his portfolio company's growth ambitions is a landmark validation of solar as an energy source , potentially creating a rising tide effect for the domestic solar industry .

Daniel Barcelo: T1 is on the right path, and the support that Elon's companies are likely to receive in building out domestic manufacturing in Texas should create additional momentum for landmark projects like our G2 Austin solar cell fab. Elon's selection of solar as a central pillar of power generation to support his portfolio company's growth ambitions is a landmark validation of solar as an energy source, potentially creating a rising tide effect for the domestic solar industry. Now let's turn to slide 13. Our vision of building a fully integrated silicon-based solar supply chain in the US could not be more perfectly aligned with the priorities of this country and the current administration, as shown in slide 15. In many ways, T1 is setting the standard for a reverse technology transfer, bringing cutting edge solar capabilities back to America.

Speaker #3: Now , let's turn to slide 13 . Our vision of building a fully integrated , silicon based solar supply chain in the US could not be more perfectly aligned with the priorities of this country , and the current administration .

Speaker #3: As shown in slide 15 . In many ways , T1 is setting the standard for reverse technology transfer , bringing cutting edge solar capabilities back to America .

Daniel Barcelo: This end-to-end domestic polysilicon solar supply chain will provide scalable, low cost energy while strengthening American energy independence. By investing in a fully integrated domestic supply chain, T1 supports the US polysilicon industry and ensures solar energy can free up domestically produced natural gas for export to our partners. With US electricity demand surging, optimizing domestic energy resources has never been more critical. Solar paired with storage deployed directly at data centers can insulate consumers from demand-driven price spikes. As geopolitical risk premium returns to the global energy markets, developing a domestic supply chain becomes essential to keeping energy affordable. Moreover, as AI drives a new wave of electricity demand, solar is the most scalable resource available to help power the next generation of data center infrastructure. By scaling domestic solar, T1 supports both the country's energy needs and the growth of US AI leadership.

Speaker #3: This end to end domestic polysilicon solar supply chain will provide scalable , low cost energy while strengthening American energy independence by investing in a fully integrated domestic supply chain .

Speaker #3: T1 supports the U.S. polysilicon industry and ensures solar energy can free up domestically produced natural gas for export to our partners. With U.S. electricity demand surging, optimizing domestic energy resources has never been more critical.

Speaker #3: Solar paired with storage deployed directly at data centers can insulate consumers from demand driven price spikes . And as geopolitical risk premium returns to the global energy markets , developing a domestic supply chain becomes essential to keeping energy affordable Moreover , as AI drives a new wave of electricity demand , solar is the most scalable resource available to help power the next generation of data center infrastructure By scaling domestic solar , T1 supports both the country's energy needs and the growth of US AI leadership .

Daniel Barcelo: Turning to slide 14, let's conclude with a review of T1's top priorities for 2026. Our priorities continue to evolve as we strengthen the business, but our core objective remains unchanged, building the first fully integrated US polysilicon solar supply chain. To support that, we're focused on the following key initiatives. We're completing our capital formation to achieve full financial close on phase one of G2 Austin and continuing to advance construction on schedule, which will position T1 to produce high domestic content modules at G1 Dallas using domestic polysilicon, wafers, steel frames, and solar cells. Once G2 phase one achieves full financial close, we should have visible demand for phase two that should support offtake commitments and subsequent funding. In parallel, we are taking definitive steps to enhance T1's profitability and capital structure.

Speaker #3: Turning to slide 14. Let's conclude with a review of T1's top priorities for 2026. Our priorities continue to evolve as we strengthen the business, but our core objective remains unchanged.

Speaker #3: Building the first fully integrated US polysilicon solar supply chain to support that , we're focused on the following key initiatives . We're completing our capital formation to achieve full financial close on phase one of G2 Austin and continuing to advance construction on schedule , which will position T1 to produce high content modules at G1 Dallas using domestic polysilicon wafers , steel frames , and solar cells .

Speaker #3: Once G2 Phase One achieves full financial close, we should have visible demand for Phase Two that should support off-take commitments and subsequent funding.

Speaker #3: In parallel , we are taking definitive steps to enhance T1's profitability and capital structure . We're driving efficiencies at G1 Dallas to achieve sustainable profitability and reducing unit costs of production through automation and software upgrades .

Daniel Barcelo: We're driving efficiencies at G1 Dallas to achieve sustainable profitability and reducing unit cost of production through automation and software upgrades. At the same time, we're optimizing our capital stack, carefully managing leverage, cost, complexity, and ownership as our business model continues to mature. These efforts position us to deliver stronger returns while maintaining a disciplined, flexible financial foundation. Delivering long-term shareholder value is our ultimate objective as we build T1 into a cash flow engine and a leader in the underserved domestic solar cell market. We're focused on driving EBITDA and cash flows through both organic growth and strategic acquisitions while investing in high-margin opportunities that complement our manufacturing business. As a company, we're proud of what we accomplished in 2025, and we're entering 2026 with strong momentum.

Speaker #3: At the same time, we're optimizing our capital stack, carefully managing leverage, cost, complexity, and ownership as our business model continues to mature.

Speaker #3: These efforts position us to deliver stronger returns while maintaining a disciplined, flexible financial foundation, delivering long-term shareholder value as our ultimate objective.

Speaker #3: As we build T1 into a cash flow engine and a leader in the underserved domestic solar cell market, we're focused on driving EBITDA and cash flow through both organic growth and strategic acquisitions.

Speaker #3: While investing in high margin opportunities that complement our manufacturing business . As a company , we're proud of what we accomplished in 2025 , and we're entering 2026 with strong momentum , more importantly , we are excited for the year ahead as we move closer to our goal of creating the first end to end domestic polysilicon solar supply chain in the US .

Daniel Barcelo: More importantly, we are excited for the year ahead as we move closer to our goal of creating the first end-to-end domestic polysilicon solar supply chain in the US, a milestone that will both set T1 apart and set a new standard for the industry. With that, I'll turn it back to Jeff to coordinate the Q&A session.

Speaker #3: A milestone that will both set T1 apart and set a new standard for the industry. And with that, I'll turn it back to Jeff to coordinate the Q&A session.

Jeffrey Spittel: Thanks, Dan. Marvin, we're ready to open the line for questions, please.

Speaker #2: Thanks , Dan . Marvin , we're ready to open the line for questions , please .

Operator: Thank you. At this time, we'll conduct a question and answer session. As a reminder to ask a question, you will need to press star one one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star one one again. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from the line of Philip Shen of Roth Capital Partners. Your line is now open.

Speaker #1: Thank you . At this time , we'll conduct the question and answer session as a reminder to ask a question . You will need to press star one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced to withdraw your question , please press star one one again .

Speaker #1: Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from the line of Philip Chan of Roth Capital Partners.

Speaker #1: Your line is now open

Philip Shen: Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my questions. First one is just on the remaining raise for phase one. You talked about closing this in April. You've had many other options, but you're waiting, or trying to create the right set of sources of capital. Just was wondering if you might be able to provide more color on what those alternative sources might be and what the makeup might look like. Is it earlier in April, later in April? Thank you very much.

Speaker #6: Hey guys, thanks for taking my questions. First one is just on the remaining raise for Phase One. You talked about closing this in April.

Speaker #6: We've had many other options, but you're waiting for us or trying to create the right set of, and sources of, capital.

Speaker #6: So just was wondering if you might be able to provide more color on what those alternative sources might be and , and what the , the makeup might look like .

Speaker #6: And is it earlier in April , later in April ? Thank you very much .

Daniel Barcelo: Yeah. Thanks, Phil. We can't give too much color on this. We are confident that it will be in April. As Evan said, we have passed on certain, we'll say, higher cost options. The state and maturity of the project continues to support this. G2, we've made tremendous progress in terms of where we are with PLE equipment starting to come in in June, July, and August. So we're comfortable now in many conversations with many capital providers. They're seeing that G2 is on track. They have more confidence in what's going on in the market. They see that the G1 asset is working at a production level, albeit at lower EBITDA, which we just went through. We see the volumes working, and there's more confidence in that base asset.

Speaker #3: Yeah . Thanks , Phil . We can't give too much color on this . We are we are confident that it will be in April .

Speaker #3: As Evan said , we have passed on certain . We'll say higher cost options state and maturity of the project continues to support this G2 .

Speaker #3: We've made tremendous progress in terms of where we are with PL equipment starting to come in in June , July and August , so we're comfortable now in many , many conversations with many , many capital providers .

Speaker #3: They're seeing the G2 is on track . They have more confidence in what's going on in the market . They see that the G1 asset is working at a production level , albeit at lower EBITDA , which we just went through .

Speaker #3: But we see the volumes working and there's more confidence in that base asset . So that's really giving us a lot of comfort in what we're seeing in April .

Daniel Barcelo: That's really giving us a lot of comfort in what we're seeing in April. We're committing to April. We're confident that we'll hit April. We just can't give too much color for a few reasons there. Evan, would you like to add anything about the funding for G2, which remains $350 million?

Speaker #3: We're committing to April. We're confident that we'll have April. We just can't give too much color for a few reasons.

Speaker #3: There. Evan, would you like to add anything about the funding for G2, which remains at $350 million?

Joseph Evan Calio: Yeah. No, Phil, it's hard to give you kind of more detail. I think Dan covered it. I mean, look, we want to finance in a way that provides the most flexibility to expand G2, right? Given all sales are through G1, it's gonna be a holistic, you know, type of financing, so that's important to us. Look, we also believe that future sales price will be above, you know, what are still attractive long-term contract offtakes, but they're at a significant discount to current and what our expectations are of future. We want to, you know, maximize kind of our merchant exposure as we move into the year. So I think those are two additional points of color, but yeah, it's hard to answer your question. You know, we got 30 days, so you're gonna know.

Speaker #5: Yeah , it felt hard to give you kind more detail . I think Dan covered it . I mean , look , we want to finance in a way that provides the most flexibility to expand G2 , right ?

Speaker #5: Given all sales are through , G1 is going to be a holistic , you know , type of financing . So that's important to us .

Speaker #5: And we also believe that future sales price will be above, you know, what our still attractive long-term contract offtakes are.

Speaker #5: But they're at a significant discount to current and what our expectations are of future. And so we want to, you know, maximize kind of our merchant exposure as we move into the year.

Speaker #5: So I think those are two additional points of color . But yeah , it's hard to answer your question . We're , you know , we got 30 days , you're gonna know , okay .

Philip Shen: Okay. No problem. Thanks, guys. Shifting over to your customer situation and kind of driving new customers. You guys talked about two new customers in the quarter, and you've given a lot on the pipeline. As we get through. Well, one, can you share who those two new large customers are? I think Treaty Oak might be one. And then, you know, maybe give some more color on the pipeline and maybe the cadence of additional contracts as we get through the year. Thanks.

Speaker #6: No problem . Thanks , guys . Shifting over to your customer situation and kind of driving new customers , you guys talked about two new customers in the quarter .

Speaker #6: And you've given a lot on the pipeline as we get through Q1. Can you share who those two new large customers are?

Speaker #6: I think it might be one. And then, you know, maybe give some more color on the pipeline, and maybe the cadence of additional contracts as we get through the year.

Daniel Barcelo: Yeah. Treaty Oak did allow for public disclosure of their name. The others prefer confidentiality, so we can't talk to that. We remain close on a significant contract. We're confident that we can get that contract through. As you can imagine, there's a lot of work to be done with a new plant in 2025 with the quality and the QA QC of that plant, which is being demonstrated. We have executed quite a bit of further de-flaking, and we'll say further de-flaking proofing at the end of last year.

Speaker #6: Thanks .

Speaker #3: Yeah , yeah . Treaty Oak did allow for public disclosure of their name . The others prefer confidentiality . So we can't can't talk to that .

Speaker #3: We remain close on on a significant contract . We're confident that we can get get that contract through . As you can imagine , there's a lot of work to be done with a new plant in 2025 with the quality and the QA , QC of that plant , which is being demonstrated .

Speaker #3: We have executed quite a bit of further defeat and, we'll say, further deep proofing at the end of last year. All of those things are very important aspects for new customers to come in.

Daniel Barcelo: All of those things are very important aspects for new customers to come in. We're comfortable more and more increasingly, many more customer visits, much more interaction as we're building with that as part of the EBITDA growth and moving away from an agency agreement from in the past. Building these relationships with these customers now is important. We've had over a dozen very significant customers visiting it. All of them are very pleased with what they're seeing in terms of QAQC, and many of them are very pleased with the progress we're making on G2. Everyone really wants a high-efficiency TOPCon cell. Everyone really likes the commercial, we'll say maturity of the TOPCon that we're producing, and there's a lot of comfort there.

Speaker #3: So we're comfortable more and more , increasingly , many more customer visits , much more interaction as we're building with that as part of the EBITDA growth and moving away from an agency agreement from in the past , building these relationships with these customers now is important .

Speaker #3: We've had over a dozen very significant customers visiting it. All of them are very pleased with what they're seeing in terms of QA, QC, and many of them are very pleased with the progress we're making on G2.

Speaker #3: Everyone really wants a high-efficiency top cell. Everyone really likes the commercial. We'll say the maturity of the TOPCon that we're producing, and there's a lot of comfort there.

Philip Shen: Okay. Thanks, Dan. One last one, if I may, and then I'll pass it on. As it relates to the European assets and the recent news there, can you update us on how much cash you could raise from potentially selling those assets and what the timing might be? Possibly, could you finance that asset ahead of time, so you can kinda leverage that asset value earlier, and maybe take some cash out? Thanks.

Speaker #6: Okay . Thanks , Dan . One last one , if I may , and then I'll pass it on as it relates to the European assets and the recent news , there , can you update us on how much cash you could raise from potentially selling those assets ?

Speaker #6: And what the timing might be, and possibly, could you finance that asset ahead of time? So you can kind of leverage that asset value earlier and maybe take some cash out.

Daniel Barcelo: Yeah. We're looking at it the way you're looking at it. Those assets are legacy assets. In Norway, we have an already existing powered shell now with 50MW. We're in the queue for a further 350 to 400MW of power. That secondary power takes longer, but there's a pathway to that. We're active. We've hired Pareto to start marketing that. We are open to full divestment. We are open to partnership, but we're as soon as possible there. I'd say that's move-in ready. There's a lot of interest there. That power is 100% uptime and hydroelectric power. In Finland, we are getting close to permitting on a site. This was a legacy industrial site. We took this industrial platform site, we held the option.

Speaker #6: Thanks .

Speaker #3: Yeah , we are we're , we're looking at it the way you're looking at it . Those assets are legacy assets in Norway .

Speaker #3: We have an already existing powered shell now with 50MW . We're in the queue for a further 350 to 400MW of power . That secondary power takes longer , but there's a pathway to that .

Speaker #3: We're active. We've hired Pareto to start marketing that we are open to full divestment. We are open to partnership. But we’re as soon as possible there.

Speaker #3: I'd say that's move in . Ready . There's a lot of interest there . That power is 100% uptime and hydroelectric power in Finland .

Speaker #3: We are getting close to permitting on a site . This was a legacy industrial site . We took this industrial platform site . We held the option .

Daniel Barcelo: That option, we're ready to execute that option with building permits to get close to 300MW of power. That'll be a brownfield site in an industrial zone. That's the same thing. It's hard to speculate at what prices we'll get, but you're looking at pricing in the market right now from anywhere from half a million dollars a MW to $1 million a MW in terms of power. It's a very robust Nordic market right now, and we are very committed to divesting this as soon as possible and/or partnering to retain upside value.

Speaker #3: That option, we're ready to execute that option with building permits to get close to 300 MW of power. That'll be a brownfield site in an industrial zone.

Speaker #3: That's the same thing. It's hard to speculate at what prices will get, but you're looking at pricing in the market right now from anywhere from half a million dollars a megawatt to $1 million a megawatt in terms of power.

Speaker #3: It's a very robust Nordic market right now. And we are very committed to divesting this as soon as possible and/or partnering to retain upside value.

Philip Shen: Okay, great. Thanks, Alpaza.

Daniel Barcelo: Thanks a lot.

Speaker #6: Okay, great. Thanks. I'll pass it on.

Jaime Gualy: Thanks, all.

Philip Shen: Thanks, all.

Operator: Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Gregory Lewis of BTIG. Your line is now open.

Speaker #7: Thanks a lot. Thanks so much.

Speaker #1: Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Greg Lewis of PTI. Your line is now open.

Gregory Lewis: Yeah. Hi, thank you, and good morning, and, thanks for taking my questions. You know, Dan, I was hoping you could talk a little bit about the shift in IP to EverVolt and, you know, just, I guess what last month there was some talk of, I guess a CVD on India. Just, you know, as we think about that, like, does... How are we thinking about margins and is that something that we're looking to broaden out beyond EverVolt because of the margins, I mean the CVD at India?

Speaker #8: Yeah . Hi . Thank you and good morning and thanks for taking my questions . You know , Dan , I was hoping you could talk a little bit about the shift at IP to ever and , you know , just , I guess what last month there was some talk of , I guess a CBD on India just , you know , as we think about that , like , does how are we thinking about margins and , and is that something that we're , you know , we're looking to broaden out beyond our volt because of the margins ?

Speaker #8: I mean , the CBD at India

Daniel Barcelo: Yeah. Well, EverVolt is a Singaporean entity, and we are licensing from EverVolt. I can let Andy touch more about that if it's a specific question on there. In terms of India, we don't have operations in India. I think that India AD/CVD is only gonna make it harder for product to be coming through India to the United States. We have been supportive of AD/CVD cases publicly. We've been supportive of Section 232 very publicly. We remain optimistic that the US will have a robust Section 232 across the chain, down to the modules, down to the products. I think that's very important for the profitability of the American solar market. So from those perspectives, we're still hopefully optimistic in terms of what's gonna happen there.

Speaker #3: Yeah . Well , every volt is a Singaporean entity and the we are licensing from everywhere . I can let Andy touch more about that .

Speaker #3: If a specific question on there in terms of India , we don't we don't have operations in India . I think that India .

Speaker #3: Adi, CVD is only going to make it harder for product to be coming through India to the United States. We've been supportive of CVD cases publicly.

Speaker #3: We've been supportive of . 232 very publicly . We remain optimistic that the US will have a robust . 232 across the chain , down to the modules , down to the products .

Speaker #3: I think that's very important for the profitability of the American solar market. So from those perspectives, we're still hopefully optimistic in terms of what's going to happen there.

Daniel Barcelo: Andy, do you wanna touch on EverVolt a bit about our licensing strategy?

Speaker #3: And Andy , do you want to touch on every volt a bit about our licensing strategy ?

[Company Representative] (T1 Energy): Yes. Well, as you said, our license with EverVolt doesn't in any way result in tariffs. We're not importing anything from India. That's all upside. The Section 301 tariffs, which help to level the playing field for US manufacturers, Section 201 tariffs that will be implemented soon, and the Section 232. That's all upside and wind at our back. What we have with EverVolt is simply an IP license. You know, from our perspective, that's only reducing the risk that we face going forward on the FIOC front. It further solidifies our position when it comes to compliance. We put a lot of effort into world-class compliance program.

Andy Munro: Yes. Well, as you said, our license with EverVolt doesn't in any way result in tariffs. We're not importing anything from India. That's all upside. The Section 301 tariffs, which help to level the playing field for US manufacturers, Section 201 tariffs that will be implemented soon, and the Section 232. That's all upside and wind at our back. What we have with EverVolt is simply an IP license. You know, from our perspective, that's only reducing the risk that we face going forward on the FIOC front. It further solidifies our position when it comes to compliance. We put a lot of effort into world-class compliance program.

Speaker #9: Yeah . Well , as you said , that our our license with Everbilt doesn't in any way result in tariffs . We're not importing anything from India .

Speaker #9: So that's all upside the solar three tariffs which helps to level the playing field for us manufacturers . Solar for tariffs . That will be implemented soon .

Speaker #9: And the . 232 so that's all upside . And when it our back and what we have with Evernote is simply an IP license .

Speaker #9: And so, you know, from our perspective, that's only reducing the risk that we face going forward on the fiat front.

Speaker #9: So it further solidifies our position when it comes to compliance . We put a lot of effort into world class compliance program , even without that transaction , we believe we were compliant , but it's essentially the suspenders to our belts because we have taken a very conservative approach on fiat compliance , and we're confident that we will be compliant .

[Company Representative] (T1 Energy): Even without that transaction, we believe we were compliant, but it's essentially the suspenders to our belts because we have taken a very conservative approach on FIOC compliance, and we're confident that we will be able to join. We had a number of strategic transactions at year-end. That was one of them. But if you go down each and every one of the prongs of FIOC compliance, equity, debt, covered officers, IP, effective control, and material assistance, we feel confident we're compliant. Early this year, there was guidance given, and that made it clear that our strategy of procuring non-FIOC cells would allow us to satisfy the material assistance cost ratio by providing safe harbors. That guidance was good news, and we welcome additional guidance.

Andy Munro: Even without that transaction, we believe we were compliant, but it's essentially the suspenders to our belts because we have taken a very conservative approach on FIOC compliance, and we're confident that we will be able to join. We had a number of strategic transactions at year-end. That was one of them. But if you go down each and every one of the prongs of FIOC compliance, equity, debt, covered officers, IP, effective control, and material assistance, we feel confident we're compliant. Early this year, there was guidance given, and that made it clear that our strategy of procuring non-FIOC cells would allow us to satisfy the material assistance cost ratio by providing safe harbors. That guidance was good news, and we welcome additional guidance.

Speaker #9: We had a number of strategic transactions at year end . That was one of them . But if you go down each and every one of the prongs of fiat compliance , equity , debt covered officers , IP effective control and material assistance , we feel confident that we're compliant .

Speaker #9: And early this year , there was guidance given and that made it clear that our strategy of procuring Non-fiat cells would allow us to satisfy the material assistance cost ratio by providing safe harbors .

Speaker #9: And so that guidance was good news. And we welcome additional guidance on fiat and are confident that our world-class compliance program will ensure that we're compliant.

Jeffrey Spittel: On FIOC, we are confident that our world-class compliance program will ensure that we're compliant.

Andy Munro: On FIOC, we are confident that our world-class compliance program will ensure that we're compliant.

Daniel Barcelo: Yeah. I think just to close it out, there's been a tremendous amount of safe harboring in 2025 that was happening. OBD, they've clearly put a lot of volatility into buying and selling. They're going back to 232. There's still pressure from imports, from imported modules from Asia or imported polysilicon from Asia. That particularly from imported polysilicon from Asia. 232 for a level playing field would be very important from a margin, from a leveling the playing field and enhancing that margin. That still seems to be the key area. I'd say this, there's a lot of optimism in the market now that developers are hoping to see higher PPA prices rising. Obviously, the conflicts in the Middle East, there's been a lot of a rise in natural gas.

Speaker #3: Yeah , I think just to close it out , the there's there's been a tremendous amount of safe harboring in 25 that was happening .

Speaker #3: OBB a clearly put a lot of volatility into buying and selling . They're going back to . 232 . There's still pressure from imports from imported modules from Asia or imported poly that particularly from imported polysilicon from Asia .

Speaker #3: 232 for level playing field would be very important from a margin from a leveling the playing field and enhancing that margin . That that still seems to be the key area .

Speaker #3: I'd say there's , there's a lot of optimism in the market now that developers are hoping to see higher PPA prices rising . Obviously , with conflicts in the Middle East , there's been a lot of rise of natural gas , natural gas vis a vis solar has been the key competitive solar and storage is only more competitive with higher natural gas prices at home .

Daniel Barcelo: Natural gas vis-a-vis solar has been the key competitive. Solar and storage is only more competitive with higher natural gas prices at home. There does seem to be a lot of tailwinds behind the market. Obviously, the debate between the developers wanting that margin versus the manufacturers getting that margin remains. Again, we're very optimistic that we'll see a Section 232 strengthen margins for American-made solar. This whole thing we've been doing is about American manufacturing as it is about American energy. It's very important that we're reshoring jobs, that we're creating manufacturing jobs, and I think that's very supported by the administration.

Speaker #3: So, there does seem to be a lot of tailwinds behind the market. Obviously, the debate between the developers wanting that margin versus the manufacturers getting that margin remains.

Speaker #3: But again , we're very optimistic that we'll see a 232 strengthen margins for American made solar . This whole thing we've been doing is about American manufacturing as it is about American energy .

Speaker #3: And it's very important that we're reshoring jobs, that we're creating manufacturing jobs. And I think that's very supported by the administration.

Gregory Lewis: Super helpful. Thank you very much.

Speaker #8: Super helpful . Thank you very much

Operator: Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Sean Milligan of Needham & Company. Your line is now open.

Speaker #1: Thank you one moment for our next question Our next question comes from the line of Sean Milligan of Needham and Company . Your line is now open .

Sean Milligan: Hey, good morning, Dan and Evan. Evan, you went through a little quickly on the call, but I wanted to confirm, did you say that you've reduced the Trina sales and service agreement commitments for 2026 and moving forward?

Speaker #10: Hey , good morning , Dan and Evan . Evan , you you went through a little quickly on the call , but I wanted to confirm .

Speaker #10: Did you say that you've reduced the . Trina sales and service agreement commitments for 2026 ? And moving forward ?

Joseph Evan Calio: Yeah. I mean, there were two changes that happened on January or December 31, well, it deleted one contract that has collateral impact into another, and that would reduce the year-over-year comparison on the fees owed under those agreements. I gave a range of $30 to 100 million, and just to be clear, that per year, the low end is 3GW without a G2 cell, and the high end, 100 plus is 5GW with a G2 cell to mention the range.

Speaker #5: Yeah . I mean , there are two there were two changes that happened on January or December 31st that deleted or deleted one contract .

Speaker #5: It has collateral impact into another , and that would reduce the year over year comparison on on the on the fees owed under those agreements .

Speaker #5: And I gave a range of , 30 to 100 million . And just to be clear , that per year that the low end is three gigawatts without a G2 cell and the high end 100 plus is five gigawatts with a G2 cell to dimension the range .

Joseph Evan Calio: I mean, both those contracts are publicly filed, you know, with our deal in December, so you can kinda go through the math otherwise, but that's, you know, our and it's based on an estimated sales price and EBITDA, so they're estimated kind of amounts.

Speaker #5: I mean , both those contracts are publicly filed , you know , with our deal in December . So you can kind of go through the math otherwise .

Speaker #5: But that's , you know , our estimate and it's based on an estimated sales price and EBITDA . So their estimated kind of amounts .

Sean Milligan: Okay. That's coming out of the, I just wanna make sure I'm understanding this correctly. Is that coming out of the G&A line in 2026 if we look at it compared to 2025?

Speaker #10: Okay , that's coming out of the I just want to make sure I'm understanding this correctly , but is that coming out of the G and a line in 2026 ?

Speaker #10: If we look at it, compared to 2025?

Joseph Evan Calio: Yeah. I mean, look, as SG&A, you know, it was clearly heavy in 2025. It was a ramp-up of a new asset. It was a ramp-up of a new business for T-one, and it embeds a growth project, right? When you think of the construction of SG&A, there's a large one. You'll see the 10-K, right, this evening or after the close, which you can see some of this stuff. But there's a large, you know, non-cash component, you know, in your SG&A, right, that relates to, largely carried by the impairment, but there's other, you know, non-cash, stock comp, allowance for doubtful accounts, other accounts and D&A, depreciation and amortization, that result in a non-cash piece of about 33%.

Speaker #5: Yeah . Yeah . I mean , there will be I mean , look , I mean , as a , you know , it was clearly heavy in 2025 .

Speaker #5: It was a ramp up of a new asset . It was a ramp up of a new business for T1 . And it embeds a growth project .

Speaker #5: Right . And so when you think of the , the construction of a , there's a large and you'll see the 10-K right this evening or after the close , which you can see some of this stuff , but there's a , there's a large , you know , non-cash component , you know , in your sG&A , right , that relates to largely carried by the impairment .

Speaker #5: But there's other , you know , non-cash stock comp allowance , doubtful accounts , other other accounts , and DNA depreciation and amortization that that result in a non-cash piece of about 33% .

Joseph Evan Calio: There's other third-party fees in there, which were 26% of that number in 2025. That contains those contract fees, largely the commission fee that it'll be reduced in that number going forward, you know, depending upon, you know, volume and the quantums that I mentioned. That would answer yes.

Speaker #5: And then there's other third party fees in there . Which we're 26% of that number in 2025 . And that contains those contract fees , largely , the commission fee that will not be that will be reduced in that number going forward .

Speaker #5: You know , depending upon , you know , volume and the quantums that I mentioned to mention . So long winded answer . Yes .

Sean Milligan: Okay, that's great. Just to kind of circle back up, so that contract, I think, had a fixed margin on the gross margin side, right? Has that changed? Like, how should we think about the third party margin for 2026?

Speaker #10: Okay . That's great . And then just to kind of circle back up . So that contract , I think had a fixed margin on the , the gross margin side , right ?

Speaker #10: It has that changed ? Like how should we think about the , the third party margin for 2026 ?

Joseph Evan Calio: Yeah. I mean, we have two different contracts, right? We have a 5-year long-term contract that underpins financing of the asset, that is a cost plus contract. Then we have a second, you know, 1-year contract that's fixed margin, you know, at 2GW. Neither of those contracts. We executed 9 different contracts in conjunction with the acquisition of the asset, right? The deletion of the contracts that I mentioned were different than the offtake contracts. They're not. They don't impact the contract calculations.

Speaker #5: Yeah . I mean , we have , we have two different contracts , right ? We have A15 year long term contract that underpin the financing of the asset .

Speaker #5: That is a cost plus contract . And then we have a , a second , you know , one year contract that's fixed margin .

Speaker #5: You know , at , at at two gigawatts and , and , and neither of those contracts we exceeded , you know , nine different contracts , you know , in conjunction with the acquisition of the asset , right .

Speaker #5: And the deletion of the contracts that I mentioned were , you know , different than the off take contracts . So they're not they don't impact the , the , the contract calculations .

Sean Milligan: Okay. Great. Thank you.

Joseph Evan Calio: I mean, there's no change in that year over year. Yeah. I mean, but there's a new contract, so.

Speaker #5: So , I mean , there's no change in that year over year . I mean , but there's a new contract . So

Sean Milligan: Thank you so much. All right.

Joseph Evan Calio: Mm-hmm.

Speaker #10: Thank you so much. All right.

Operator: Thank you. This concludes the question and answer session. I would like to turn it back to Jeffrey Spittel for closing remarks.

Speaker #1: Thank you . This concludes the question and answer session . I would like to turn it back to Jeffrey Spittel for closing remarks

Jeffrey Spittel: Thanks, Marvin. Well, thank you all for your attention and participation today. Please feel free to contact us. We'll be back out on the road in the next few weeks with Dan and Evan. You know where to find us and look forward to following up with everybody after the call. This will conclude today's call.

Speaker #2: Thanks , Marvin . Well , thank you all for your attention and participation today . Please feel free to contact us . We will be back out on the road in the next few weeks with Dan and Evan , but you know where to find us and look forward to following up with everybody after the call .

Joseph Evan Calio: Thank you.

Speaker #2: This will conclude today's call.

Operator: Thank you for participating in today's conference. This does conclude the program. You may now disconnect.

Speaker #5: Thank you .

Q4 2025 T1 Energy Inc Earnings Call

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