Q2 2026 Nano Nuclear Energy Inc Earnings Call

May 14, 2026

Operator 2: Greetings, welcome to the Nano Nuclear Q2 2026 Financial Results and Business Update Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Matt Berry. Thank you. You may begin.

Operator: Greetings, welcome to the Nano Nuclear Q2 2026 Financial Results and Business Update Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Matt Berry. Thank you. You may begin.

Speaker #2: A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.

Speaker #2: It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Matthew Barry. Thank you. You may begin. Thank you and good afternoon, everyone. Joining me on the call today are JU Nano Nuclear's founder, chairman, and president, James Walker, our CEO, and Jason Garcia, our CFO.

Matt Berry: Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Joining me on the call today are Jay Yu, Nano Nuclear's founder, chairman, and president, James Walker, our CEO, and Jaisun Garcha, our CFO. Please note that today's press release and slide presentation to accompany this webcast are available on our website. Before moving ahead, I will quickly address forward-looking statements made on this call. As reflected in more detail on slide 2, today's presentation contains forward-looking statements about Nano's future that are made under the safe harbor provisions of the applicable federal securities laws. You are cautioned that actual results, including, without limitation, the results of Nano's microreactor development activities, our plans for vertical integration, other strategies and plans, timelines for achieving goals, and other matters related to our future operations may differ materially and adversely from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Speaker #2: Please note that today's press release and slide presentation accompanying this webcast are available on our website. Before moving ahead, I'll quickly address the forward-looking statements made on this call.

Speaker #2: As reflected in more detail on slide two, today's presentation contains forward-looking statements about Nano's future that are made under the Safe Harbor provisions of the applicable Federal securities laws.

Speaker #2: Your caution that actual results, including without limitation, the results of Nano's microreactor development activities, our plans for vertical integration, other strategies and plans, timelines for achieving goals, and other matters related to our future operations may differ materially and adversely from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Speaker #2: Important risks and other factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in our forward-looking statements are contained in our filings with the SEC.

Matt Berry: Important risks and other factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in our forward-looking statements are contained in our filings with the SEC, including our annual report on Form 10-K filed this past December, which you're encouraged to review. The forward-looking information provided today is accurate only as of today, and Nano disclaims any obligation to update any information provided except as required by law. With that, I'll turn the call over to Jay Yu, Nano's Founder, Chairman, and President.

Speaker #2: Including our annual report on Form 10-K filed this past December, which you're encouraged to review. The forward-looking information provided today is accurate only as of today, and Nano disclaims any obligation to update any information provided, except as required by law.

Speaker #2: With that, I'll turn the call over to JU Nano's founder, chairman, and president.

Speaker #3: Thank you, Matt, and thank you, everyone, for joining the call today. Nano Nuclear remains well positioned as a leading microreactor developer focused on vertical integration across key aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle.

Jay Jiang Yu: Thank you, Matt, and thank you everyone for joining the call today. Nano Nuclear remains well-positioned as a leading microreactor developer focused on vertical integration across key aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle, and we're delivering against the key strategic milestones we've outlined over the past several quarters. Our KRONOS MMR is a high TRL, high temperature gas cooled reactor design backed by nearly a decade of investment and development, and decades of high temperature gas cooled reactor operating history. These advantages position us with a high degree of design maturity, underpinning our ability to advance KRONOS towards construction, licensing, and commercialization. Our confidence was recently validated by the formal submission of a construction permit application to the US NRC under the Part 50 by the University of Illinois.

Speaker #3: And we're delivering against the key strategic milestones we've outlined over the past several quarters. Our Kronos MMR is a high-TRL, high-temperature gas-cooled reactor design backed by nearly a decade of investment and development, and decades of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor operating history.

Speaker #3: These advantages position us with a high degree of design maturity, underpinning our ability to advance Kronos towards construction, licensing, and commercialization. Our confidence was recently validated by the formal submission of a construction permit application to the U.S. NRC under Part 50 by the University of Illinois.

Speaker #3: The submission for our Kronos MMR deployment on the University of Illinois campus required years of pre-licensing activities. Thousands of pages of technical documentation and several months of pre-application engagement with the NRC.

Jay Jiang Yu: The submission for our KRONOS MMR deployment on the University of Illinois' campus required years of pre-licensing activities, thousands of pages of technical documentation, and several months of pre-application engagement with the NRC. As a result, Nano became one of only a handful of Generation IV advanced reactor developers to reach this stage, and the first commercially ready microreactor to submit a CPA to the NRC, reflecting the maturity of KRONOS MMR's design, the growth and expertise of our team, and our strong position as a leading microreactor developer. Alongside our well-established technical foundation, our KRONOS MMR system also offers several advantages in its design and deployment profile. First, we expect its small size and our design philosophy to enable factory fabrication, repeatable construction, and learnings that can accelerate deployment timelines and drive economies of scale.

Speaker #3: As a result, Nano became one of only a handful of generation four advanced reactor developers to reach this stage. And the first commercially ready microreactor to submit a CPA to the NRC.

Speaker #3: Reflecting the maturity of Kronos MMR's design, the growth and expertise of our team, and our strong position as a leading microreactor developer. Alongside our well-established technical foundation, our Kronos MMR system also offers several advantages in its design and deployment profile.

Speaker #3: First, we expect a small size, and our design philosophy to enable factory fabrication, repeatable construction, and learnings that can accelerate deployment timelines and drive economies of scale.

Speaker #3: Second, Kronos benefits from a superior safety profile as a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor using helium, an inert gas, as a coolant, and trisofuel. Which is engineered to retain fission products at an extremely high temperatures.

Jay Jiang Yu: Second, KRONOS benefits from a superior safety profile as a high temperature gas cooled reactor using helium and an inert gas as a coolant and TRISO fuel, which is engineered to retain fission products at extremely high temperatures. This safety profile is expected to enable a favorable footprint that is ideal for co-location and off-grid deployment, unlocking high-value applications previously unavailable to traditional nuclear. Third, KRONOS can leverage LEU+ fuel that is commercially available today, supporting our ability to deploy at scale while maintaining the flexibility to use HALEU fuel once commercially available.

Speaker #3: This safety profile is expected to enable a favorable footprint that's ideal for co-location and off-grid deployment. Unlocking high-value applications previously unavailable to traditional nuclear.

Speaker #3: And third, Kronos can leverage LEU plus field that is commercially available today. Supporting our ability to deploy at scale, while maintaining the flexibility to use HALU fuel once commercially available.

Speaker #3: We pair this foundation with a focus of vertical integration across critical aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle. Which we expect to provide an advantage versus our competitors.

Jay Jiang Yu: We pair this foundation with a focus on vertical integration across critical aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle, which we expect to provide an advantage versus our competitors, positioning us to accelerate reactor deployment, enhance long-term economics of our reactors, and benefit as a key supplier to the industry. Our progress to date, differentiated technology, and strategy have positioned us to be a key beneficiary of global nuclear renaissance. Electricity demand tied to AI data centers and other power-intensive applications is expanding faster than the new generation and transmission can be delivered, creating rising concerns around power availability, grid expansion, and energy affordability. Expected demand will require additional grid-independent energy sources capable of delivering high uptime and resiliency. At the same time, climate mandates and decarbonization goals are driving preference for clean energy.

Speaker #3: Positioning us to accelerate reactor deployment enhanced long-term economics of our reactors and benefit as a key supplier to the industry. Our progress to date differentiated technology and strategy to have positioned us to be a key beneficiary of global nuclear renaissance.

Speaker #3: Electricity demand tied to AI, data centers, and other power-intensive applications is expanding faster than new generation and transmission can be delivered. This is creating rising concerns around power availability, grid expansion, and energy affordability.

Speaker #3: Expected demand will require additional grid-independent energy sources capable of delivering high uptime and resiliency. And at the same time, climate mandates and decarbonization goals are driving preference for clean energy.

Speaker #3: In this environment, advanced reactors like our Kronos MMR are best positioned to address these high-value challenges, driving unprecedented bipartisan support in the US and growing support globally.

Jay Jiang Yu: In this environment, advanced reactors like our KRONOS MMR are best positioned to address these high-value challenges, driving unprecedented bipartisan supports in the US and growing support globally. We're continuing to see strong policy momentum supporting advanced nuclear deployment and development in the US. Most notably, progress towards establishing a new risk-informed NRC licensing pathways under Part 53, and recently proposed Part 57 framework are expected to significantly streamline licensing for microreactors like KRONOS. Part 53 is designed to provide a more flexible performance-based framework tailored to non-light water technologies. While Part 57 intends to enable a highly streamlined pathway for lower risk standardized microreactor designs, including features such as a combined or closely aligned construction and operating license processes, reduced review scope, and fleet-wide standardization benefits.

Speaker #3: We're continuing to see strong policy momentum supporting advanced nuclear deployment and development in the US. Most notably, progress towards establishing a new risk-informed NRC licensing pathways under Part 53.

Speaker #3: And recently proposed Part 57 framework. Our expected to significantly streamline licensing for microreactors like Kronos. Part 53 is designed to provide a more flexible performance-based framework tailored to non-light water technologies.

Speaker #3: While Part 57 intends to enable a highly streamlined pathway for lower-risk, standardized microreactor designs, including features such as a combined or closely aligned construction and operating license processes, it reduces review scope and fleet-wide standardization benefits.

Speaker #3: In parallel to the establishment of the Defense Production Act, a nuclear fuel consortium to strengthen domestic capabilities could help accelerate our vertically integrated strategy across the nuclear fuel cycle.

Jay Jiang Yu: In parallel, the establishment of the Defense Production Act Nuclear Fuel Cycle Consortium to strengthen the domestic capabilities could help accelerate our vertical integrated strategy across the nuclear fuel cycle. We also see potential benefits from initiatives like the Genesis Mission and federal actions related to nuclear power for space. Taken together, we're confident our KRONOS MMR system is competitively well-positioned to deliver reliable baseload power across a range of applications and benefit from increasingly supportive policy backdrop. I'll now highlight several recent milestones and provide an overview of additional potential milestones in the coming quarters. Last quarter, we outlined 4 potential catalysts offering the opportunity to drive shareholder value. Regulatory advancement, commercial progress, expansion of our vertical integration across the nuclear fuel supply chain, and strategic partnerships. We've made strong progress in each during our Q2.

Speaker #3: And we also see potential benefits from initiatives like the Genesis mission and federal actions related to nuclear power for space. Taken together, we're confident our Kronos MMR system is competitively well-positioned to deliver reliable base-load power across a range of applications.

Speaker #3: And benefit from increasingly supportive policy backdrop. I'll now highlight several recent milestones and provide an overview of additional potential milestones in the coming quarters.

Speaker #3: Last quarter, we outlined four potential catalysts offering the opportunity to drive shareholder value. Regulatory, advancement, commercial progress, expansion, of our vertical integration across the nuclear fuel supply chain, and strategic partnerships.

Speaker #3: And we've made strong progress in each during our second quarter. First, the recent CPA submission to the US NRC for our full-scale prototype at the University of Illinois represented a substantial milestone.

Jay Jiang Yu: First, the recent CPA submission to the US NRC for our full-scale prototype at the University of Illinois represented a substantial milestone, validating our design maturity and offering the potential for initial construction activities to begin in mid to late 2027. Second, we completed the feasibility study evaluating our KRONOS MMR, providing up to 1 gigawatt of power to BaRupOn's AI data center and manufacturing campus in Texas. As a result, our KRONOS MMR solution is designed to reach their desired 1 gigawatt needs in stages over time, and we're now advancing work on project timelines and licensing. We also continue to see potential for additional commercial announcements in the coming quarters as our pipeline of opportunities continues to grow. Third, we're advancing M&A and partnership discussions focused on commercial opportunities across the nuclear fuel supply chain, including areas like nuclear fuel transportation and fuel supplying chain facilities.

Speaker #3: Validating our design maturity and offering the potential for initial construction activities to begin in mid to late 2027. Second, we completed the feasibility study evaluating our Kronos MMR providing up to one gigawatt of power to Barupons AI data center and manufacturing campus in Texas.

Speaker #3: As a result, our Kronos MMR solution is designed to reach their desired one gigawatt needs in stages over time. And we're now advancing work on project timelines and licensing.

Speaker #3: We also continue to see potential for additional commercial announcements in the coming quarters, as our pipeline of opportunities continues to grow. Third, we're advancing M&A and partnership discussions focused on commercial opportunities across the nuclear fuel supply chain, including areas like nuclear fuel transportation and fuel supply chain facilities.

Speaker #3: And we're in late-stage discussions for one such opportunity. And equally as important, we're advancing discussions around strategic partnerships we believe can accelerate and de-risk large-scale deployment of our reactors.

Jay Jiang Yu: We're in late-stage discussions for one such opportunity. Equally as important, we're advancing discussions around strategic partnerships we believe can accelerate and de-risk large-scale deployment of our reactors. Our recent MOU with Supermicro represents an important step towards aligning advanced nuclear power with next-generation AI and data center infrastructure by exploring opportunities for our KRONOS MMR solution to pair with one of the leading providers of high-performance computing and liquid-cooled data center systems. Our recently announced collaboration with EHC Investment also reflects this strategy, creating a path toward a joint venture in the UAE with a partner that brings strong regional presence, decades of experience with large-scale energy infrastructure projects, and an in-house EPC capabilities.

Speaker #3: Our recent MOU with Supermicro represents an important step towards aligning advanced nuclear power with next-generation AI and data center infrastructure. By exploring opportunities for our Kronos MMR solution to pair with one of the leading providers of high-performance computing and liquid-cooled data center systems.

Speaker #3: Our recently announced collaboration with EHC Investment also reflects this strategy, creating a path toward a joint venture in the UAE with a partner that brings a strong regional presence, decades of experience with large-scale energy infrastructure projects, and in-house EPC capabilities.

Speaker #3: Furthermore, our collaboration with DS Danzig represents an important step towards supporting Kronos deployment and localization efforts in South Korea. Including the potential development of a reactor core manufacturing facility and component production capabilities within one of the world's most advanced nuclear and industrial markets.

Jay Jiang Yu: Furthermore, our collaboration with DS Dansuk represents an important step towards supporting KRONOS deployment and localization efforts in South Korea, including the potential development of a reactor core manufacturing facility and component production capabilities within one of the world's most advanced nuclear industrial markets. With that, I'll turn the call over to our CEO, James Walker.

Speaker #3: With that, I'll turn the call over to our CEO, James Walker.

Speaker #2: Thank you, Jay. Turning to our Q2 highlights, we continue executing across all areas of the business, making important progress towards advancing Kronos. As Jay mentioned, a CPA was formally submitted to the US NRC by the University of Illinois for our first full-scale Kronos MMR prototype.

James Walker: Thank you, Jay. Turning to our Q2 highlights, we continue executing across all areas of the business, making important progress towards advancing KRONOS. As Jay mentioned, a CPA was formally submitted to the U.S. NRC by the University of Illinois for our first full-scale KRONOS MMR prototype. This marked a critical milestone as we transition from engineering design to construction on the campus of the U of I. The CPA submission required years of engineering development, thousands of pages of technical documentation, coordinated input across reactor design, safety analysis, environmental review, regulatory compliance, and a viable supply chain. With the submission, Nano Nuclear becomes one of only a handful of Generation IV advanced reactor developers to reach this stage, and the first commercially ready microreactor developers submit a CPA to the NRC.

Speaker #2: This marked a critical milestone as we transition from engineering design to construction on the campus of the U of I. The CPA submission required years of engineering development, thousands of pages of technical documentation, coordinated input across reactor design, safety analysis, environmental review, and regulatory compliance.

Speaker #2: And a viable supply chain. With the submission, Nano Nuclear becomes one of only a handful of generation 4 advanced reactor developers to reach this stage.

Speaker #2: And the first commercially ready microreactor developers to submit a CPA to the NRC. We anticipate an approximate 12-month review period following formal acceptance of the application providing the opportunity to initiate initial construction activities at the U of I in mid to late 2027.

James Walker: We anticipate an approximate 12-month review period following formal acceptance of the application, providing the opportunity to initiate initial construction activities at the U of I in mid to late 2027. In parallel, we're advancing discussions with supply chain partners for long lead components. In addition to enrichment and TRISO fuel suppliers, as we work towards solidifying formal agreements, we also made notable progress with two partners focused on advancing the design of our refueling system and helium circulator. It's important to highlight our expectation that KRONOS' design philosophy, modularity, and assembly strategy should enable greater use of commercially off-the-shelf components relative to the larger SMR designs. We believe this expands the pool of qualified suppliers able to manufacture key components, strengthening our position in commercial negotiations. Overall, this progress reflects continued execution on critical path items, further positioning Nano for initial construction and future commercial deployment.

Speaker #2: In parallel, we're advancing discussions with supply chain partners for long lead components. In addition to enrichment and triso fuel suppliers, as we work towards solidifying formal agreements, we also made notable progress with two partners focused on advancing the design of our refueling system and helium circulator.

Speaker #2: It's important to highlight our expectation that Kronos's design philosophy modularity and assembly strategy should enable greater use of commercially off-the-shelf components relative to the larger SMR designs.

Speaker #2: We believe this expands the pool of qualified suppliers able to manufacture key components, strengthening our position in commercial negotiations, overall this progress reflects continued execution on critical path items further positioning Nano for initial construction and future commercial deployment.

Speaker #2: On the commercial and strategic partnership front, we've completed the previously announced feasibility study with Barupon, evaluating up to one gigawatt of power generation with our Kronos MMR solution.

James Walker: On the commercial and strategic partnership front, we've completed the previously announced feasibility study with BaRupOn, evaluating up to 1 gigawatt of power generation with our KRONOS MMR solution, demonstrating the scalability of our platform for large energy-intensive applications such as AI data centers. The study confirmed our KRONOS MMR solution is designed to reach their desired 1 gigawatt needs in stages over time, with potential to even expand from there over time. We are now jointly moving the project toward the initiating the licensing process. We also continue to grow our pipeline of commercial opportunities across data center, industrial, and defense-related customers, and continue to see strong interest from credible strategic partners, highlighted by previously announced MOUs with Supermicro, EHC Investment, and DS Dansuk.

Speaker #2: Demonstrating the scalability of our platform for large, energy-intensive applications such as AI data centers. The study confirmed our Kronos MMR solution is designed to reach their desired one-gigawatt needs in stages over time, with potential to even expand from there over time.

Speaker #2: And we are now jointly moving the project toward the initiating the licensing process. We also continue to grow our pipeline of commercial opportunities across data center, industrial, and defense-related customers.

Speaker #2: And continue to see strong interest from credible strategic partners highlighted by previously announced MOUs with Supermicro, EHC Investment, and DS Danzig. Collectively, these relationships reinforce the strategic interest in our technology and strategy, support our path towards commercialization, and create a potential pathways to broader long-term partnerships over time.

James Walker: Collectively, these relationships reinforce the strategic interest in our technology and strategy, support our path towards commercialization, and create a potential pathways to broader long-term partnerships over time. As it relates to our focus on vertical integration across key aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle, which we believe is a key differentiator between us and our competitors. We are advancing efforts to address key bottlenecks within the nuclear fuel supply chain, including progress towards solidifying acquisitions and partnerships for nuclear fuel supply chain facilities and fuel transportation. As Jay mentioned, we are in late-stage discussions for one such opportunity and see strong potential to announce additional progress in the near term. From a financial perspective, our balance sheet remains strong with cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaling approximately $569 million.

Speaker #2: As it relates to our focus on vertical integration across key aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle, which we believe is a key differentiator between us and our competitors.

Speaker #2: We're advancing efforts to address key bottlenecks within the nuclear fuel supply chain, including progress towards solidifying acquisitions and partnerships for nuclear fuel supply chain facilities and fuel transportation.

Speaker #2: As Jay mentioned, we are in a late-stage discussions for one such opportunity and see strong potential to announce additional progress in the near term.

Speaker #2: From a financial perspective, our balance sheet remains strong with cash. Cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling approximately $569 million. And in March, the SEC declared effective our $900 million shelf registration statement, including a $400 million at-the-market facility.

James Walker: In March, the SEC declared effective our $900 million shelf registration statement, including a $400 million at-the-market facility. While we are extremely well-funded for our near-term cash needs, our S-3 approval provides additional flexibility to access capital markets opportunistically in the future, further strengthening our ability to advance KRONOS towards commercialization. Building on this progress, I'd now like to provide additional detail on several recent strategic announcements that we believe collectively strengthen our commercialization strategy and help to de-risk future KRONOS MMR deployments. A great example of this strategy is our recent announced collaboration with Supermicro, a global leader in AI infrastructure, high-performance servers, and advanced liquid cooling data centers systems, serving many of the world's leading hyperscale enterprise and cloud computing customers.

Speaker #2: While we are extremely well-funded for our near-term cash needs, our S3 approval provides additional flexibility to access capital markets opportunistically in the future. Further strengthening our ability to advance Kronos towards commercialization.

Speaker #2: Building on this progress, I'd now like to provide additional detail on several recent strategic announcements that we believe collectively strengthen our commercialization strategy and help to de-risk future Kronos MMR deployments.

Speaker #2: A great example of this strategy is our recent announced collaboration with Supermicro, a global leader in AI infrastructure. High-performance servers and advanced liquid cooling data center systems serving many of the world's leading hyperscale enterprise and cloud computing customers.

Speaker #2: Through this MOU, we plan to explore strategic collaboration opportunities focused on integration of nanonuclear Kronos MMR with Supermicro's industry-leading AI server and data center platforms.

James Walker: Through this MOU, we plan to explore strategic collaboration opportunities focused on integration of Nano Nuclear's KRONOS MMR with Supermicro's industry-leading AI server and data center platforms, explore joint go-to-market strategies, and evaluate off-grid deployment opportunities for next-generation grid-independent AI infrastructure. Importantly, we believe this collaboration further reinforces KRONOS' positioning as a potential long-term power solution for AI data centers and high-performance computing infrastructure, which represents one of the largest emerging electricity demand markets globally. By combining our advanced reactor technology with Supermicro's leadership, we believe there is meaningful opportunity to support future deployment and commercialization efforts through strategic collaboration with a leading technology infrastructure provider. More broadly, these efforts reflect our strategy of aligning with highly credible strategic partners to help accelerate commercialization, reduce execution risk, and expand long-term deployment opportunities for KRONOS.

Speaker #2: Explore joint go-to-market strategies and evaluate off-grid deployment opportunities for next-generation grid-independent AI infrastructure. Importantly, we believe this collaboration further reinforces Kronos's positioning as a potential long-term power solution for AI data centers and high-performance computing infrastructure.

Speaker #2: Which represents one of the largest emerging electricity demand markets globally. By combining our advanced reactor technology with Supermicro's leadership, we believe there is meaningful opportunity to support future deployment and commercialization efforts through strategic collaboration with leading technology infrastructure provider.

Speaker #2: More broadly, these efforts reflect our strategy of aligning with highly credible strategic partners to help accelerate commercialization, reduce execution risk, and expand long-term deployment opportunities for Kronos.

Speaker #2: At the same time, our recently announced MOU with EHC Investment reflects another important component of our strategy: establishing regional partnerships that can help accelerate and support future reactor deployments.

James Walker: At the same time, our recently announced MOU with EHC Investment reflects another important component of our strategy, establishing regional partnerships that can help accelerate and support future reactor deployments. EHC Investment is a diversified Abu Dhabi-based investment holding company with a portfolio spanning energy, infrastructure, safety, and advanced technologies with a strong track record of operating and expanding strategic infrastructure and energy businesses. Notably, we signed an MOU to explore a joint venture focused on deployment of our KRONOS MMR platform in the Gulf region. This includes working together to evaluate market entry opportunities, assess pathways for establishing a localized nuclear supply chain, identify potential end users and host sites, and engage with key stakeholders across regulatory, financing, and commercial frameworks. What makes this collaboration particularly compelling is the combination of EHC's capabilities and regional positioning.

Speaker #2: EHC Investment is a diversified Abu Dhabi-based investment holding company with a portfolio spanning energy, infrastructure, safety, and advanced technologies. With a strong track record of operating and expanding strategic infrastructure and energy businesses.

Speaker #2: Notably, we signed an MOU to explore a joint venture focused on deployments of our Kronos MMR platform in the Gulf region. This includes working together to evaluate market entry opportunities, assess pathways for establishing a localized nuclear supply chain, identify potential end users and host sites, and engage with key stakeholders across regulatory, financing, and commercial frameworks.

Speaker #2: What makes this collaboration particularly compelling is the combination of EHC's capabilities and regional positioning. They bring decades of experience executing large-scale energy infrastructure projects in the UAE and broader Gulf region, offering the potential to materially accelerate project development timelines.

James Walker: They bring decades of experience executing large-scale energy infrastructure projects in the UAE and broader Gulf region, offering the potential to materially accelerate project development timelines. EHC also benefits from in-region engineering, construction, and project delivery capabilities, creating a strong foundation at execution at scale. Importantly, their broader platform across energy, safety, and advanced technologies, along with their regional relationships, position them as a strong partner for executing on future KRONOS deployments. Taken together, we believe this collaboration offers the potential to significantly de-risk and accelerate our entry into one of the most attractive emerging markets for advanced nuclear. While the progress we've outlined in expanding strategic partnerships is important, it's ultimately enabled by the strength of our underlying technology, which we're confident offers clear advantages.

Speaker #2: EHC also benefits from in-region engineering, construction, and project delivery capabilities. Creating a strong foundation at execution at scale. And importantly, their broader platform across energy, safety, and advanced technologies along with their regional relationships position them as a strong partner for executing on future Kronos deployments.

Speaker #2: Taken together, we believe this collaboration offers the potential to significantly de-risk and accelerate our entry into one of the most attractive emerging markets for advanced nuclear.

Speaker #2: While the progress we've outlined in expanding strategic partnerships is important, it's ultimately enabled by the strength of our underlying technology, which we're confident offers clear advantages.

Speaker #2: First, we believe our Kronos MMR reflects a high TRL level platform focused on integrating proven technologies into a compact, modular system optimized for licensing and deployment.

James Walker: First, we believe our KRONOS MMR reflects a high TRL platform focused on integrating proven technologies into a compact modular system optimized for licensing and deployment. KRONOS builds on high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology that has been deployed and validated across multiple countries for decades. Core elements of the design, including TRISO fuel, helium coolant, and graphite moderation, are mature technologies supported by real-world operating data. The platform itself is supported by a strong technical foundation, including nearly a decade of prior development and more than an estimated $120 million of historical investment. Beyond the reactor, our balance of plant strategy prioritizes commercially proven systems such as steam generators, turbines, and thermal energy storage technologies already used in concentrated solar plants. We also expect to operate with conservative temperature and pressure parameters aligned with successful historical deployments. Second, the safety profile is fundamentally different from other reactor types.

Speaker #2: Kronos builds on high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology that has been deployed and validated across multiple countries for decades. Core elements of the design, including Triso fuel, helium coolant, and graphite moderation, are mature technologies supported by real-world operating data.

Speaker #2: The platform itself is supported by a strong technical foundation, including nearly a decade of prior development and more than an estimated 120 million dollars of historical investment.

Speaker #2: Beyond the reactor are balancer plant strategy, prioritizes commercially proven systems such as steam generators, turbines, and thermal energy storage technologies already used in concentrated solar plants.

Speaker #2: We also expect to operate with conservative temperature and pressure parameters aligned with successful historical deployments. Second, the safety profile is fundamentally different from other reactor types.

Speaker #2: Triso fuel retains fission products at extreme temperatures. Helium is an inert coolant, and the design relies on passive heat removal. As such, we don't expect a credible meltdown pathway, and the core can shut down itself without reliance on active safety systems.

James Walker: TRISO fuel retains fission products at extreme temperatures. Helium is an inert coolant, and the design relies on passive heat removal. As such, we don't expect a credible meltdown pathway, and the core can shut down itself without reliance on active safety systems. Third, prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactors are inherently simple. There are few active systems and high-stress components, and a substantial number of components are commercially off-the-shelf rather than safety grade. The core configuration itself has no moving parts other than the control rods, and the materials are inert and well understood, contrasting with the complexity of certain other advanced designs. Fourth, prismatic high-temperature gas reactors like KRONOS are especially well-suited for export. The use of TRISO fuel presents minimal proliferation risk compared with other fuel technologies, and the strong safety case may support more streamlined engagement with international regulators.

Speaker #2: Third, Prismatic high-temperature gas-cooled reactors are inherently simple. There are few active systems and high-stress components, and a substantial number of components are commercially off-the-shelf rather than safety grade.

Speaker #2: The core configuration itself has no moving parts other than the control rods, and the materials are inert and well understood. Contrasting with the complexity of certain other advanced designs.

Speaker #2: Fourth, Prismatic high-temperature gas reactors like Kronos are especially well suited for export. The use of Triso fuel presents minimal proliferation risk compared with other fuel technologies.

Speaker #2: And the strong safety case may support more streamlined engagement with international regulators. Fifth, we believe this architecture is particularly flexible, with the standard design able to be deployed for smaller capacities by adjusting operating pressure, allowing Kronos’s output to scale without redesign.

James Walker: Fifth, we believe this architecture is particularly flexible, with the standard design able to be deployed for smaller capacities by adjusting operating pressure, allowing KRONOS's output to scale without redesign. The standard design can also use different enrichment levels without redesign as well. Lastly, we believe these characteristics should enable stronger economies of scale, and inert coolant, passive safety, and advanced fuel reduce the need for complex chemistry controls and high-maintenance systems. Combined with a simpler design and greater use of commercial components, we see potential for lower operating costs, reduced maintenance requirements, and favorable cost scaling over time. With that, I'll turn the call over to our CFO, Jaisun, to provide financial highlights.

Speaker #2: The standard design can also use different enrichment levels without redesign as well. And lastly, we believe these characteristics should enable stronger economies of scale, and inert coolant, passive safety, and advanced fuel reduce the need for complex chemistry controls and high-maintenance systems.

Speaker #2: Combined with a simpler design and greater use of commercial components, we see potential for lower operating costs, reduced maintenance requirements, and favorable cost scaling over time.

Speaker #2: With that, I'll turn the call over to our CFO, Jason, to provide financial highlights.

Speaker #1: Thank you, James. I'll now provide a summary of our Q2 financial performance. Our overall liquidity position remains robust, ending the quarter with approximately 569 million dollars in cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments.

Jaisun Garcha: Thank you, James. I'll now provide a summary of our Q2 financial performance. Our overall liquidity position remains robust, ending the quarter with approximately $569 million in cash equivalents, and short-term investments. This was a slight decline from the prior quarter as we continue to fund development of our KRONOS MMR and related fuel cycle initiatives. During the quarter, our previously filed $900 million Shelf registration became effective, including a $400 million at-the-market facility or ATM, enhancing our financial flexibility and ensuring we have efficient access to capital as needed in the future. While we have yet to use the Shelf or ATM, and while they do not reflect immediate financing needs, they provide us with flexibility to be opportunistic in the future as we execute on key milestones and further demonstrate the value of our technology, strategy, and platform.

Speaker #1: This was a slight decline from the prior quarter as we continue to fund development of our Kronos MMR and related fuel cycle initiatives. During the quarter, our previously filed 900 million dollar shelf registration became effective, including a 400 million at-the-market facility or ATM.

Speaker #1: Enhancing our financial flexibility and ensuring we have efficient access to capital as needed in the future. While we have yet to use the shelf or ATM, and while they do not reflect immediate financing needs, they provide us with flexibility to be opportunistic in the future as we execute on key milestones and further demonstrate the value of our technology, strategy, and platform.

Speaker #1: At the same time, we believe our current cash and short-term investments position us well to support the development and advancement of our full-scale U of I prototype through construction and commissioning.

Jaisun Garcha: At the same time, we believe our current cash and short-term investments positions us well to support the development and advancement of our full-scale University of Illinois prototype through construction and commissioning. This position is further strengthened by our ongoing evaluation of several non-dilutive funding opportunities, which we believe could reduce the capital requirements associated with the project. Taken together, this positions us with significant financial flexibility, not only to fund our core development efforts, but also to selectively pursue value-accretive opportunities, including potential transactions across the nuclear fuel cycle that could enhance our competitive positioning and vertical integration over time. Turning to the income statement, Q2 net loss totaled $9.2 million, an increase of approximately $3 million from the prior quarter.

Speaker #1: This position is further strengthened by our ongoing evaluation of several non-dilutive funding opportunities which we believe could reduce the capital requirements associated with the project.

Speaker #1: Taken together, this positions us with significant financial flexibility—not only to fund our core development efforts, but also to selectively pursue value-accretive opportunities, including potential transactions across the nuclear fuel cycle that could enhance our competitive positioning and vertical integration over time.

Speaker #1: Turning to the income statement, Q2 net loss totaled 9.2 million dollars, an increase of approximately 3 million dollars from the prior quarter. This primarily reflected higher headcount and associated expenses as we continue to advance development and licensing of our Kronos MMR.

Jaisun Garcha: This primarily reflected higher headcount and associated expenses as we continue to advance development and licensing of our KRONOS MMR, highlighted by submission of a CPA to the U.S. NRC, while also pursuing strategic growth opportunities. Looking ahead, we expect expenses to trend higher as we continue to scale our team and initiate procurement of long lead items and testing equipment in support of our engineering and demonstration facility. Q2 net loss declined by approximately $12 million from the prior year comparative period, primarily due to an increase in interest income and decline in equity-based compensation. Year-to-date net cash used in operating activities increased by approximately $4 million from the prior year period to $9.3 million, primarily due to an increase in personnel fees, excluding equity-based compensation and an increase in professional fees.

Speaker #1: Highlighted by submission of a CPA to the US NRC. While also pursuing strategic growth opportunities. Looking ahead, we expect expenses to trend higher as we continue to scale our team and initiate procurement of long lead items and testing equipment in support of our engineering and demonstration facility.

Speaker #1: Q2 net loss declined by approximately $12 million from the prior year comparative period, primarily due to an increase in interest income and a decline in equity-based compensation.

Speaker #1: Year-to-date net cash used in operating activities increased by approximately $4 million from the prior year period to $9.3 million, primarily due to an increase in personnel fees, excluding equity-based compensation, and an increase in professional fees.

Speaker #1: And year-to-date net cash used in investing activities increased by approximately $368 million to approximately $381 million, primarily driven by an approximate $371 million increase in short-term investments to earn a higher yield on our cash balance.

Jaisun Garcha: Year-to-date net cash used in investing activities increased by approximately $368 million to approximately $381 million, primarily driven by an approximate $371 million increase in short-term investments to earn a higher yield on our cash balance. Before turning the call over to the operator for Q&A, I'd like to re-emphasize we are well-positioned to execute our strategy of advancing our KRONOS MMR toward commercialization, while also enhancing our vertical integration through partnerships and M&A. As we look ahead, we will remain disciplined in deploying time and capital toward opportunities that are strategically accretive and offer compelling return on investment. With that, I'll now turn the call over to the operator to open up the call for Q&A.

Speaker #1: Before turning the call over to the operator for Q&A, I'd like to re-emphasize we are well positioned to execute our strategy of advancing our Kronos MMR toward commercialization, while also enhancing our vertical integration through partnerships and M&A.

Speaker #1: As we look in deploying time and capital toward opportunities that are strategically accretive and offer compelling return on investment. With that, I'll now turn the call over to the operator to open up the call for Q&A.

Speaker #2: Thank you. We will now be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad.

Operator 2: Thank you. We will now be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two to remove yourself from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please while we poll for questions. Our first question comes from the line of Nathaniel Pendleton with Texas Capital Bank. Please proceed with your question.

Operator: Thank you. We will now be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two to remove yourself from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please while we poll for questions. Our first question comes from the line of Nathaniel Pendleton with Texas Capital Bank. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #2: A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 to remove yourself from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys.

Speaker #2: One moment, please, while we pull for questions. Our first question comes from the line of Nate Pendleton with Texas Capital Bank. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #3: Good evening, and congrats on the continued progress. Regarding the PowerPoint feasibility study, can you provide some more detail around the potential timing of that one gigawatt of capacity, and what the next steps look like from here?

Nathaniel Pendleton: Good evening. Congrats on the continued progress. Regarding the BaRupOn feasibility study, can you provide some more detail around the potential timing of that 1 GW of capacity and what the next steps look like from here?

Speaker #4: Yep. I'm happy to do that. So the that's going pretty well, actually. Down we've finished the feasibility study and we've wrapped that up now.

James Walker: Yep, I'm happy to do that. That's going pretty well, actually. Down, we've finished the feasibility study. We've wrapped that up now. Now we're in discussions with them about the next stage, which is examining the licensing requirements that would go into it. You might have seen very recently at UIUC, we submitted a construction permit application. Now, there's going to have to be a similar sort of process done at the BaRupOn site, where we would follow up with drilling and gathering geotechnical work, and that would feed into this, the entire submission for construction permit at the site. Now that the feasibility study is done and they're happy with that, now we're into discussions about the next stage, that licensing process.

Speaker #4: And so now we're in discussions with them about the next stage, which is examining the licensing requirements that would go into it. So you might have seen very recently at UIUC, we submitted a construction permit application.

Speaker #4: Now, there's going to have to be a similar sort of process done at the Barupon site, where we would follow up with drilling and gathering geotechnical work, and that would feed into the entire submission for a construction permit at the site.

Speaker #4: So now that the feasibility study is done and they're happy with that, now we're into discussions about the next stage, that licensing process. I mean, the good part now is that the reactor construction at UIUC, that will gift us, obviously, a commercial product that we can deploy and is subsequently licensed, but the still the licensing process for the site itself needs to be done.

James Walker: I mean, the good part now is that the reactor construction at UIUC, that will gift us obviously a commercial product that we can deploy and is subsequently licensed. Still the licensing process for the site itself needs to be done. That's what we're working on with them at the moment, and we're working out the step, the involvement, the contributions and the partners that will be involved in that geotechnical work as well with BaRupOn. After that stage, once the construction permit application is done, then you can start moving into the point where you can start site prepping. It would go off to the NRC. The NRC would go through an examination process similar to UIUC of just examining the geotechnical data.

Speaker #4: So that's what we're working on with them at the moment, and we're working out the steps, the involvement, the contributions, and the partners that will be involved in that geotechnical work as well with Barupon.

Speaker #4: So, after that stage—once the construction permit application is done—then you can start moving into the point where you can start site prepping.

Speaker #4: But it would go off to the NRC. The NRC would go through and examination process similar to UIUC of just examining the geotechnical data, and then once approved, you would be authorized to start construction.

James Walker: Then once approved, you would be authorized to start construction. Now, it's still gonna be dependent on the licensing process happening at UIUC for the ultimate deployment of the reactor systems. We can get everything in place. One of the nice parts about, you know, future operations similar to BaRupOn, is that once the reactor is licensed and it's more of a known quantity with the NRC, you could even expect an expedited CPA approval process given when we give them geotechnical data for the specific sites the reactor launched to. That's how it's gonna look now. Feasibility study done, moving into examining licensing for the particular site, once the reactor is commercially ready for deployment, it can go straight in for construction at the deployment site.

Speaker #4: Now, it's still going to be dependent on the licensing process happening at UIUC for the ultimate deployment of the reactor systems, but we can get everything in place.

Speaker #4: And one of the nice parts about future operations similar to Barupon is that once the reactor is licensed and it's more of a known quantity with the NRC, you could even expect an expedited CPA approval process. Given that, when we give them geotechnical data for the specific sites the reactor's launched to.

Speaker #4: But that's how it's going to look now: feasibility study done, moving into examining licensing for the particular site, and then, once the reactor is commercially ready for deployment, it can go straight in for construction at the deployment site.

Speaker #3: That's great. I appreciate all that detail, James. And then maybe for Jason, you called out evaluating non-dilutive funding opportunities. Can you provide more details about what those opportunities are and, directionally, the size of the potential opportunity there?

Nathaniel Pendleton: That's great. I appreciate all that detail, James. Then maybe for Jaisun, you called out evaluating non-dilutive funding opportunities. Can you provide more details about what those opportunities are and directionally the size of the potential opportunity there?

Speaker #2: Sure. So we're looking at government programs or incentives such as the DOE fuel and/or project qualifications, items such as ITCs, and potential avenues with the state and university.

Jaisun Garcha: Sure. We're looking at government programs or incentives such as the DOE fuel under project qualifications, items such as ITCs and potential avenues with the state and university. In terms of size, we haven't quantified the exact amounts we'd be looking at. We do have substantial runway with our own liquidity. As things get more moving forward to different timelines, we'll be looking at kind of quantifying that more and getting them nailed down.

Speaker #2: So in terms of size, we haven't quantified the exact amount we'd be looking at. We do have substantial runway with our own liquidity. But as things get more moving forward to different timelines, we'll be looking at kind of quantifying that more and getting them nailed down.

Speaker #3: Understood. Thanks for taking my questions.

Nathaniel Pendleton: Understood. Thanks for taking my questions.

Speaker #2: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sheriff Elmagrabi with BTIG. Please proceed with your questions.

James Walker: Thank you.

Operator 2: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sherif Elmaghrabi with BTIG. Please proceed with your questions.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sherif Elmaghrabi with BTIG. Please proceed with your questions.

Speaker #5: Hi, thanks, and good afternoon. The new regulatory pathways for the NRC—Parts 53 and 57—is that something that could expedite UIUC, or do you view this as more of a commercial opportunity?

Sherif Elmaghrabi: Hi. Thanks. Good afternoon. The new regulatory pathways for the NRC, parts 53 and 57, is that something that could expedite UIUC or do you view this as more of like a commercial opportunity?

Speaker #4: I would say it's very, very especially part 57. I can go into a bit of both of them. But the reason why it's very important commercially is that part 57 in particular I mean, it's already focused on micro reactors, which falls exactly into our ballpark.

James Walker: I would say it's very, very. Especially Part 57. I can go into a bit of both of them. The reason why it's very important commercially is that Part 57 in particular, I mean, it's already focused on microreactors, which falls exactly into our, you know, our ballpark. It's really focused on fleet deployment. What they're trying to do here is that if you look at nuclear historically, you've got long deployment timelines for singular large systems. For an anticipated market of small modular reactors and more in particular microreactors, which is what that Part 57 is focused on, how do you deploy dozens or hundreds of these things on an annual basis without being held up by that extremely long historic licensing and construction process?

Speaker #4: But it's really focused on fleet deployment, and what they're trying to do here is that if you look at it in nuclear historically, you've got long deployment timelines for singular large systems.

Speaker #4: And for an anticipated market of small modular reactors, and more in particular microreactors—which is what that Part 57 is focused on—how do you deploy dozens or hundreds of these things on an annual basis without being held up by that extremely long, historic licensing and construction process?

Speaker #4: So part 57 maybe it has some benefits on the licensing front for small reactor systems, but the real benefit of that system is it is way more commercially focused.

James Walker: Part 57, maybe it has some benefits on the licensing front for small reactor systems, but the real benefit of that system is it is way more commercially focused. It, you know, aligning construction, operation, licensing processes, the scope of safety characteristics, fleet-wide standardization benefits. The Part 57 is gonna be crucial for us because by 2030 when we have the reactor fully constructed, outputting power, licensed and ready to commercially deploy, we wanna be in a position at that point to deploy these things en masse. The Part 57 facilitates that a lot. We've been reading through, obviously, all the releases as they've come out. That has been extremely beneficial.

Speaker #4: So aligning construction and operating licensing processes, the scope of safety characteristics, fleet-wide benefits, the part 57 is going to be crucial for us because by 2030, when we have the reactor fully constructed, outputting power, licensed, and ready to commercially deploy, we want to be in a position at that point to deploy these things en masse.

Speaker #4: And the Part 57 facilitates that a lot. So we've been reading through, obviously, the releases that they've come out with. That has been extremely beneficial.

Speaker #4: I would say, in terms of where we are at the moment, that we were suitably far along in advance that we already had a licensing pathway, and there was no significant benefit to us changing anything we were doing.

James Walker: I would say, in terms of where we are at the moment is that we were suitably far along and advanced that we already had a licensing pathway and there was no significant benefit to us changing anything we were doing. The Part 50 process that we were going through to get the reactor constructed at the university, to get it licensed, we, you know, there's no real expedited benefit of utilizing anything new. We, you know, we're on pretty much the fastest pathway, but that commercial advantage is very important.

Speaker #4: The part 50 process that we were going through to get the reactor constructed at the university, to get it licensed, there's no real expedited benefit of utilizing anything new.

Speaker #4: We're on pretty much the fastest pathway. But that commercial advantage is very important. What I could say as an advantage for the industry and you could see that the NRC is actually putting in real concerted efforts to facilitate the rollout of advanced nuclear is part 53 is a different approach in that it's a more risk-informed approach to licensing.

James Walker: What I could say is an advantage for the industry, and you could see that the NRC is actually putting in real concerted effort to facilitate the rollout of advanced nuclear is Part 53 is a different approach in that it's a more risk-informed approach to licensing, where a lot of the responsibility is put back on the reactor developer and the responsibility lies with them. That is a crucial factor difference because it's no longer a thing of the NRC like proving to the NRC that every single aspect is safe. It's, you know, you submit an application where you look at the risk profiles and that's really what's assessed, and you need to submit all of that information to them and that's your responsibility. That should actually shorten things substantially for future licensing processes for advanced reactor systems.

Speaker #4: Where a lot of the responsibility is put back on the reactor developer, and the responsibility lies with them, that is a crucial factor difference because it's no longer a thing of the NRC—proving to the NRC that every single aspect is safe.

Speaker #4: It's you submit an application where you look at the risk profiles, and that's really what's assessed. And you need to submit all of that information to them, and that's your responsibility.

Speaker #4: That should actually shorten things substantially for future licensing processes for advanced reactor systems. I would say it's just less of a benefit for us, just given how advanced we were in the process of site characterization, submission of the CPA, the place of where the reactor is in terms of technological development, and the fact that we've already had a lot of ongoing licensing engagement with the NRC already.

James Walker: I would say it's just less of a benefit for us just given how advanced we were in the process of site, you know, site characterization, submission of the CPA, the place of where the reactor is in terms of technological development and the fact that we've already had a lot of ongoing licensing engagement with the NRC already. Yeah, Part 57 incredibly useful. Very, very useful for future, you know, mass deployment of reactor systems at fleet level.

Speaker #4: But yeah, part 57— incredibly useful, very, very useful for future mass deployment of reactor systems at the fleet level.

Speaker #5: That is great color, as always. Just one follow-up, out of curiosity: Are there similar efforts in Canada to keep pace with what the NRC is doing?

Sherif Elmaghrabi: That is great color as always. Just 1 follow-up out of curiosity. Are there similar efforts in Canada to keep pace with what the NRC is doing?

Speaker #4: I've got to admit, I don't know. I know that Canada—obviously, they've been very vocal about the need for the introduction of these advanced systems into Canada, especially because some of the larger nuclear systems are just ill-suited for the Ring of Fire or oil sands projects, or remote communities up there.

James Walker: I've got to admit, I don't know. Like I know that the Canada obviously they've been very vocal about the need for the introduction of like these advanced systems into Canada, especially because some of the larger nuclear systems are just ill-suited for the Ring of Fire or oil sands projects or remote communities up there. I haven't seen anything like this so far. Now I don't wanna be offside with the CNSC, they might be doing something very similar. I just don't know.

Speaker #4: But I haven't seen anything like this so far. Now, I don't want to be offside with the CSNC, so they might be doing something very similar.

Speaker #4: I just don't know, so.

Speaker #5: All right. Thanks. Thanks for taking my questions.

Sherif Elmaghrabi: All right. Thanks. Thanks for taking my questions.

Speaker #4: No problem.

James Walker: No problem.

Speaker #2: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Samir Joshi with HC Wainwright. Your line is now live.

Operator 2: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sameer Joshi with H.C. Wainwright. Your line is now live.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sameer Joshi with H.C. Wainwright. Your line is now live.

Sameer Joshi: Hey, thanks for taking my questions. Just a few on the CPA. I think you mentioned the CPA has been submitted. Any idea on when it will be accepted and then does the 12-month timeline start from acceptance or has it already been triggered?

Speaker #6: Thanks for taking my questions. Just a few on the CPA. I think you mentioned the CPA has been submitted; any idea on when it will be accepted? And then, does the 12-month timeline start from acceptance, or has it already been triggered?

Speaker #4: So obviously, everyone saw that we formally announced the submission of that CPA just at the end of March. There is a standard acceptance window.

James Walker: Obviously everyone saw that we formally announced the submission of that CPA just at the end of March. There is a standard acceptance window. Actually, that window is now. It could be any time from today actually all the way through to early next week where we can really expect that formal acceptance from the NRC. Obviously I don't want to speak for them. There are always delays with organizations, but that formal acceptance we're also expect imminently. There's that process and then obviously there's the expected 12 months turnaround once formally accepted, for the permission to then go and construct. Yeah, that formal acceptance is expected very, very soon.

Speaker #4: Actually, that window is now. So, it could be any time from today, actually, all the way through to early next week where we can really expect that formal acceptance from the NRC.

Speaker #4: And obviously, I don't want to speak for them. There are always delays with organizations. But that formal acceptance, we're also expecting imminently. So there's that process.

Speaker #4: And then obviously, there's the expected 12-month turnaround. Once formally accepted, for the permission to then go and construct. So but yeah, that formal acceptance is yeah, is expected very, very soon.

Speaker #6: Understood. Thanks for that, Eller. Just switching subjects, I think in the commentary M&A opportunities were mentioned, including for transportation and some other areas. Are you looking at specifically transportation partners that will help you transfer nuclear fuel?

Sameer Joshi: Understood. Thanks for that, Taylor. Just switching subjects, I think in the commentary, the M&A opportunities are mentioned, including for transportation and some other areas. Are you looking at specifically transportation partners that will help you transfer nuclear fuel?

Speaker #4: So this is a very important question. And to be honest with everybody as well, we did have we have some things that we're working on at the moment, and we hope they would have been ready in time for this earnings call so we could speak about them more publicly.

James Walker: This is a very important question, and, you know, to be honest with everybody as well, we have some things that we're working on at the moment, and we hoped they would have been ready in time for this earnings call so we could speak about them more publicly. I don't think it's any secret that we've identified that the transportation element of the nuclear industry, especially advanced nuclear industry, will be very crucial to the successful mass deployment of reactor systems and refueling spent fuel, everything like that. We've accepted actually that we're going to have to create more in-house capabilities within Nano to ensure that when there's not gonna be a bottleneck on operations due to constrictions around the delivery of materials, nuclear materials, fuel, anything like that.

Speaker #4: But I don't think it's any secret that we've identified that the transportation element of the nuclear industry, especially advanced nuclear industry, will be very crucial to the successful mass deployment of reactor systems.

Speaker #4: And refueling, spent fuel, everything like that. Now, we've accepted, actually, that we're going to have to create more in-house capabilities within Nano to ensure that there's not going to be a bottleneck on operations due to constrictions around the delivery of materials, nuclear materials, fuel, anything like that.

Speaker #4: So, there are acquisitions that we are— we've already identified. We're in late-stage discussions about them, and those late-stage discussions should lead to announcements, I think, in the short term that we can publicly talk about.

James Walker: There are acquisitions that we've already identified, we're in late-stage discussions about, and those late-stage discussions should lead to announcements, I think, in the short term that we can publicly talk about. I'm just trying to not be offside with what our lawyers advise us on, but it is a very important aspect of the business. It is actually an area of the nuclear industry that is already a bit squeezed, and we are trying to get ahead of that problem right now, and we are very, very close, as I say. It should be a very short turnaround before we can actually formally announce something on this one.

Speaker #4: I'm just trying to not be offside with what our lawyer has advised us on, but it is a very important aspect of the business.

Speaker #4: It is actually an area of the nuclear industry that is already a bit squeezed. And we are trying to get ahead of that problem right now.

Speaker #4: And we are very, very close, as I say. It should be a very short turnaround before we can actually formally announce something on this one.

Speaker #6: Yeah, I know. It is an important aspect because everyone is focused on the reactors and the fuel. Enrichment and other aspects, but transportation has not been a subject of focus so far.

Sameer Joshi: Yeah, I know. It is an important aspect, because everyone is focused on the reactors and the fuel-

Sameer Joshi: Yeah, I know. It is an important aspect, because everyone is focused on the reactors and the fuel enrichment and other aspects, but transportation has not been a subject of focus so far.

James Walker: Yeah

Sameer Joshi: enrichment and other aspects, but transportation has not been a subject of focus so far.

Speaker #6: So glad you're working on that. My last question is regarding the proposed part 57. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the NRC still accepting comments on this.

James Walker: Yeah.

Sameer Joshi: Glad you're working on that. My last question is regarding the proposed Part 67. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the NRC is still accepting comments on this. If so, do you have any comments that you may be submitting as part of this process?

Speaker #6: And if so, are you do you have any comments that you maybe submitting as part of this process?

James Walker: On the Part 67, I mean, we are part of a lot of the consortiums, and obviously they, I think they're specifically it's, I think 67, I mean, that's sort of physical protection of special nuclear material. It probably is going to be an increasing consideration of ours, just because we're going to be involved in some level of transportation. Even though we're part of the consortiums with the NEI that are examining this kind of thing, I would say at the moment, until we complete, you know, those prospective acquisitions, we probably won't concentrate too much on them.

Speaker #4: So on the part 67, I mean, we are part of a lot of the consortiums. And obviously, I think they're specifically I think 67 I mean, that's sort of physical protection of special nuclear material.

Speaker #4: It probably is going to be an increasing consideration of ours, just because we're going to be involved in some level of transportation. So, even though we're part of the consortiums with the NEI that are examining this kind of thing, I would say at the moment, until we complete those prospective acquisitions, we probably won't concentrate too much on them, but almost certainly, the security aspects of things like that—like 10 CFR Part 67—will be important.

James Walker: They almost certainly be the security aspects of things like that, like 10 CFR Part 67. They are going to be a focus of some of the specialists that we're going to inherit as part of any potential acquisition that will have to focus on these different aspects. At the moment, I wouldn't say we've allocated any personnel to them. What we expect is that the personnel we're gonna bring into the company will address these things with the NRC, probably through consortiums run by the NEI.

Speaker #4: They are going to be a focus of some of the specialists that we're going to inherit as part of any potential acquisition, that will have to focus on these different aspects.

Speaker #4: But at the moment, I wouldn't say we've allocated any personnel to them. What we expect is that the personnel we're going to bring into the company will address these things with the NRC.

Speaker #4: Probably through consortiums run by the NEI.

Speaker #2: Thank you. And we have reached the end of the question and answer session. Therefore, I'd like to turn the floor back to JU for a closing remarks.

Operator 2: Thank you. We have reached the end of the question and answer session. Therefore, I'd like to turn the floor back to JU for closing remarks. Actually, I'm sorry. We have one more question in the line of Subash Chandra with StoneX. Please proceed with your question.

Operator: Thank you. We have reached the end of the question and answer session. Therefore, I'd like to turn the floor back to JU for closing remarks. Actually, I'm sorry. We have one more question in the line of Subash Chandra with StoneX. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #2: Actually, I'm sorry. We have one more question in the line of Sandra with Stonex. Please proceed with your question.

Speaker #5: Yeah. Hi, guys. Sorry. I thought I was in the queue already. The first question, James, I guess, is as you order these long lead items, does your original cost estimates, how do they sort of flushing out and when will you have sort of a more fulsome view of what the actual will be versus the estimate?

Subash Chandra: Yeah. Hi, guys. Sorry, I thought I was in the queue already. The first question, James, I guess is, you know, as you order these long lead items, does your original cost estimates, you know, how are they sort of fleshing out and, you know, when will you have sort of a more fulsome view of what the actual will be versus the estimate?

Speaker #4: So actually, kind of near term, because now that the technical team has finished with the construction permit application—and that was really occupying almost all of them, like 60 or 60-some people, whatever the number was.

James Walker: Actually, kind of near term because now that the technical team has finished with the construction termed application and that was really occupying almost all of them, like 60 numbers of people, whoever n-number it was, the team has immediately shifted focus onto the supply chain. The vessels, the graphite, fuel, the fabrication, helium circulators, whatever it is, and including the non-nuclear components like the turbine systems, the mechanical systems, the salts. We do, I mean, prior to the submission of the CPA, we already had identified suppliers involved. Now what is going down is contract negotiation, and that started with all the different vendors so that the subsections, we can get a much more granular appreciation of what the overall cost will be.

Speaker #4: The team has immediately shifted focus onto the supply chain. So, the vessels, the graphite, fuel, the fabrication, helium circulators—whatever it is. And including the non-nuclear components like the turbine systems, the mechanical systems, the salts.

Speaker #4: And we do I mean, prior to the submission of the CPA, we already had identified suppliers involved. And so now what is going down is contract negotiation.

Speaker #4: And that started with all the different vendors, so that in the subsections we can get a much more granular appreciation of what the overall cost would be.

Speaker #4: I would say, at the moment, the estimations that we provided so far—that $300 to $350 million, which were conservative—are still accurate. And as we get deeper into the examination and the negotiations, that's not shifting.

James Walker: I would say at the moment, the estimations that we provided so far, that $300 to 350 million, which were conservative, are still accurate. As we get deeper into the examination and the negotiations, that's not shifting. Now I would just preface as well that that number is not, certainly not gonna be representative of first of a kind reactor systems. Everything is being bespoke for this particular reactor, and maybe we might double them up if we go ahead with the Canadian project. It's so far that initial first of a kind, full power, fully operating, power producing, full-scale reactor system at UIUC. The estimates are so far looking to be pretty accurate.

Speaker #4: Now, I would just preface as well that that number is certainly not going to be representative of ends of a kind reactor systems.

Speaker #4: Everything is being bespoke for this particular reactor. And maybe we might double them up if we go ahead with the Canadian project. But the yeah, so far that initial first of a kind full power fully operating power producing full scale reactor system at UIUC, the estimates are so far looking to be pretty accurate.

Speaker #6: That's good to hear. And on the Barupan, just curious, when do they secure a tenant? Or—yeah, go ahead. Sorry.

Subash Chandra: That's good to hear. On the BaRupOn, just curious, when do they secure a tenant? a, you know. Yeah, go ahead. Sorry.

Speaker #4: Oh, no. I was just going to say, obviously, that's their business, but we have a very close relationship with them, so they keep us updated.

James Walker: Oh, no, I was just going to say, obviously that's their business, but we have a very close relationship with them, so and they keep us updated. There are actually two major hyperscalers that are examining their facility at the moment. obviously we're, you know, I wouldn't say their business is dependent on those two being successful, but they're attracting obviously a lot of interest to get the tenants on to that particular site. Now, the nice thing about BaRupOn is that they are suitably flexible. I know that, we've learned a little bit about how hyperscalers and data centers operate just through discussions with them. The nice part is that they do have alternative sites, even if the site is considered not ideal, for a lot of these different areas.

Speaker #4: There are actually two major hyperscalers that are examining their facility at the moment. And obviously, I wouldn't say their business is dependent on those two being successful.

Speaker #4: But they're attracting, obviously, a lot of interest to get the tenants onto that particular site. Now, the nice thing about Barupon is that they are suitably flexible.

Speaker #4: And I know that we've learned a little bit about how hyperscalers and data centers operate just through discussions with them. And the nice part is that they do have alternative sites even if the site is considered not ideal for a lot of these different areas.

Speaker #4: And the nice part is, if we—because we've gone through this process with them anyway—wherever they do deploy, whether it's Texas, or Virginia, or Wyoming, or wherever they're currently looking to deploy these sites and attract tenants, we're already earmarked in to provide the nuclear power for these different sites.

James Walker: the nice part is because we've gone through this process with them anyway, wherever they do deploy, whether it's Texas or Virginia or Wyoming or wherever they're currently looking to deploy these sites and attract tenants, we're already earmarked in to provide the nuclear power for these different sites. even though we've only publicly spoken about Texas, there are other opportunities with them even beyond that site. yeah, they're currently going through the due diligence process with two big hyperscalers at the moment.

Speaker #4: So, even though we've only publicly spoken about Texas, there are other opportunities with them even beyond that site. But yeah, they're currently going through the due diligence process with two big hyperscalers at the moment.

Speaker #2: Thank you. And again, now we have reached the end of the question and answer session. Therefore, I'll now turn the call back over to JU for closing remarks.

Operator 2: Thank you. Again, now we have reached the end of the question and answer session. Therefore, I'll now turn the call back over to Jay Jiang Yu for closing remarks.

Operator: Thank you. Again, now we have reached the end of the question and answer session. Therefore, I'll now turn the call back over to Jay Jiang Yu for closing remarks.

Speaker #6: I want to thank everyone again for joining us on today's call. The interest and enthusiasm of our investors and market participants is important to us.

Jay Jiang Yu: I wanna thank everyone again for joining us on today's call. The interest and enthusiasm of our investors and market participants is important to us, and we're very grateful for your support. We look forward to providing additional updates in the future. Have a great evening.

Speaker #6: And we're very grateful for your support. We look forward to providing additional updates in the future. Have a great evening.

Operator 2: Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference, and you may disconnect your lines at this time. We thank you for your participation.

Operator: Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference, and you may disconnect your lines at this time. We thank you for your participation.