Q1 2027 Frequency Electronics Inc Earnings Call

September 10, 2026

Speaker #1: Greetings, and welcome to the Frequency Electronics first quarter fiscal 2027 earnings release conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode.

Operator: Greetings, and welcome to the Frequency Electronics' first quarter fiscal 2027 earnings release conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.

Speaker #1: If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.

Speaker #1: Any statements made by the company during this conference call regarding the future constitute forward-looking statements pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Operator: Any statements made by the company during this conference call regarding the future constitute forward-looking statements pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements inherently involve uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Factors that would cause or contribute to such differences are included in the company's press releases and are further detailed in the company's periodic report filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Speaker #1: Such statements inherently involve uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Factors that would cause or contribute to such differences are included in the company's press releases and are further detailed in the company's periodic report filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Speaker #1: By making these forward-looking statements, the company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this conference call.

Operator: By making these forward-looking statements, the company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this conference call. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Thomas McClelland, President and Chief Executive Officer.

Speaker #1: It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Thomas McClelland, President and Chief Executive Officer.

Speaker #2: Thank you, Paul. Good afternoon, and thank you for joining Frequency Electronics' first quarter fiscal year 2027 earnings call. With me today is our Chief Financial Officer, Steve Bernstein.

Thomas McClelland: Thank you, Paul. Good afternoon, and thank you for joining Frequency Electronics' first quarter fiscal year 2027 earnings call. With me today is our Chief Financial Officer, Steve Bernstein. I'm very pleased to report first quarter revenue of $23.5 million, an all-time record for FEI, up 70% year-over-year and up 52% sequentially. As we told you on our Q4 2026 earnings call in July, we expected to return to growth starting in the current fiscal 2027, and this first quarter is a strong proof point of that. Further, this performance gives us increasing confidence in our ability to meet or exceed the $150 million or more in annual revenue that we guided to by fiscal 2029, which ends 30 April 2029. I'll have more to say about that target shortly.

Speaker #2: I'm very pleased to report first quarter revenue of $23.5 million—an all-time record for FEI. That's up 70% year over year and up 52% sequentially.

Speaker #2: As we told you on our fourth quarter 2026 earnings call in July, we expected to return to growth starting in the current fiscal 2027, and this first quarter is a strong proof point of that.

Thomas McClelland: As we told you on our Q4 2026 earnings call in July, we expected to return to growth starting in the current fiscal 2027, and this first quarter is a strong proof point of that. Further, this performance gives us increasing confidence in our ability to meet or exceed the $150 million or more in annual revenue that we guided to by fiscal 2029, which ends 30 April 2029. I'll have more to say about that target shortly.

Speaker #2: Further, this performance gives us increasing confidence in our ability to meet or exceed the $150 million or more in annual revenue that we guided to by fiscal 2029, which ends April 30, 2029.

Speaker #2: I'll have more to say about that target shortly. Steve will provide additional financial commentary later in the call, but I'd like to highlight a few items.

Thomas McClelland: Steve will provide additional financial commentary later in the call, but I would like to highlight a few items. On our July call, we established three-year minimum margin targets of 50% for gross margin and 30% for operating margin, again, by fiscal 2029. In the fiscal Q1 we are reporting today, we generated gross margin of 45.8% and operating margin of 22%, substantial improvements and solid progress on our path towards our minimum targets. As I have mentioned numerous times over the past few years, we did not expect our progress to be perfectly linear on a quarterly basis, whether in revenue or profitability. But the trends we see in revenue backlog and pipeline, as well as the internal improvements we have made that we discussed last quarter, and the operating leverage we should generate with increasing revenue, position us well to meet or exceed those minimum targets.

Speaker #2: On our July call, we established three-year minimum margin targets of 50% for gross margin and 30% for operating margin, again by fiscal 2029. In the fiscal first quarter we're reporting today, we generated gross margin of 45.8% and operating margin of 22%—substantial improvements and solid progress on our path towards our minimum targets.

Speaker #2: As I've mentioned numerous times over the past few years, we did not expect our progress to be perfectly linear on a quarterly basis, whether in revenue or profitability.

Thomas McClelland: As I have mentioned numerous times over the past few years, we did not expect our progress to be perfectly linear on a quarterly basis, whether in revenue or profitability. But the trends we see in revenue backlog and pipeline, as well as the internal improvements we have made that we discussed last quarter, and the operating leverage we should generate with increasing revenue, position us well to meet or exceed those minimum targets.

Speaker #2: But the trends we see in revenue backlog and pipeline, as well as the internal improvements we've made that we discussed last quarter, and the operating leverage we should generate with increasing revenue, position us well to meet or exceed those minimum targets.

Speaker #2: As for backlog, it grew to a new record of $129 million, up approximately 82% year over year and 16% sequentially. This continued increase in backlog gives further support to our ability to add meaningful growth to FDI in the years to come.

Thomas McClelland: As for backlog, it grew to a new record of $129 million, up approximately 82% year over year and 16% sequentially. This continued increase in backlog gives further support to our ability to add meaningful growth to FEI in the years to come. As we have discussed before, we expect continued growth in our core space and defense markets while also seeing additional growth coming from new markets such as space, defense, proliferated satellites, quantum sensing, space exploration, and alternative position navigation and timing. Today, I would like to provide some additional color on several of these markets, all of which build upon our core timing and frequency generation capabilities. I am sure you are all familiar with GPS satellites, part of the traditional space business we have sold into.

Speaker #2: As we've discussed before, we expect continued growth in our core space and defense markets, while also seeing additional growth coming from new markets such as space, defense, proliferated satellites, quantum sensing, space exploration, and alternative position, navigation, and timing.

Thomas McClelland: As we have discussed before, we expect continued growth in our core space and defense markets while also seeing additional growth coming from new markets such as space, defense, proliferated satellites, quantum sensing, space exploration, and alternative position navigation and timing. Today, I would like to provide some additional color on several of these markets, all of which build upon our core timing and frequency generation capabilities. I am sure you are all familiar with GPS satellites, part of the traditional space business we have sold into.

Speaker #2: Today, I'd like to provide some additional color on several of these markets, all of which build upon our core timing and frequency generation capabilities.

Speaker #2: So I'm sure you're all familiar with GPS satellites, part of the traditional space business we have sold into. On April 21 of this year, the final GPS III satellite was launched, which included FEI's newly developed digital rubidium atomic frequency standard, or DRAFS atomic clock.

Thomas McClelland: On 21 April of this year, the final GPS III satellite was launched, which included FEI's newly developed Digital Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standard, or DRAFS, atomic clock. This enhanced DRAFS clock is currently operational on the GPS satellite, is on order for use on other global navigation satellite systems, and is targeted at future GPS satellites, including the upcoming GPS IIIF, or follow-on launches. This advanced atomic clock is an example of the company's important capabilities, not just to provide the precision time and frequency devices that we have been delivering for the last 65 years, but also our capability to deliver state-of-the-art products with capabilities fueling future technological innovations. You have no doubt seen the news flow over the past several months about the critical need for missile replenishment, with government plans to significantly expand production by 2030.

Speaker #2: This enhanced DRAFS clock is currently operational on the GPS satellite, is on order for use on other global navigation satellite systems, and is targeted at future GPS satellites, including the upcoming GPS-3F or follow-on launches.

Speaker #2: This advanced atomic clock is an example of the company's important capabilities—not just to provide the precision time and frequency devices that we've been delivering for the last 65 years, but also our capability to deliver state-of-the-art products with features fueling future technological innovations.

Thomas McClelland: This advanced atomic clock is an example of the company's important capabilities, not just to provide the precision time and frequency devices that we have been delivering for the last 65 years, but also our capability to deliver state-of-the-art products with capabilities fueling future technological innovations. You have no doubt seen the news flow over the past several months about the critical need for missile replenishment, with government plans to significantly expand production by 2030.

Speaker #2: You've no doubt seen the news flow over the past several months about the critical need for missile replenishment, with government plans to significantly expand production by 2030. We've spoken with you before about our content that goes into missile batteries for programs such as Patriot and THAAD.

Thomas McClelland: We have spoken with you before about our content that goes into missile batteries for programs such as Patriot and THAAD. We expect to generate revenue from those programs in 2027 and for years beyond that, coming from existing orders, more orders to come, and additional orders to meet the needs of allied countries. In addition to this missile battery-related work, we are also now bidding on additional missile programs with components that go directly onto the missiles themselves. In some cases, we are being asked to bid on these on-missile programs in order to potentially displace incumbents. There is a secured communication program for the military that we are producing that is a good example of both the higher rate production programs we have spoken about, and the push by our customers to deliver more sooner. In this case, we are working on a production contract for over 1,000 systems.

Speaker #2: We expect to generate revenue from those programs in 2027 and in the years beyond, coming from existing orders. There are more orders to come, as well as additional orders to meet the needs of allied countries.

Speaker #2: In addition to this missile battery-related work, we're also now bidding on additional missile programs with components that go directly onto the missiles themselves. In some cases, we're being asked to bid on these on-missile programs in order to potentially displace incumbents.

Thomas McClelland: In some cases, we are being asked to bid on these on-missile programs in order to potentially displace incumbents. There is a secured communication program for the military that we are producing that is a good example of both the higher rate production programs we have spoken about, and the push by our customers to deliver more sooner. In this case, we are working on a production contract for over 1,000 systems.

Speaker #2: There is a secured communication program for the military that we're producing, which is a good example of both the higher-rate production programs we've spoken about and the push by our customers to deliver more, sooner.

Speaker #2: In this case, we're working on a production contract for over 1,000 systems. In addition, the customer on this program is now asking us to increase monthly production by more than 50%, while also promising additional follow-on orders.

Thomas McClelland: In addition, the customer on this program is now asking us to increase monthly production by more than 50%, while also promising additional follow-on orders. In other words, we're expanding the total size of an already high-rate production program. For another example of our ability to use internally developed technology for expanded use cases, we're currently exploring potential uses of our mercury-ion atomic clock for naval applications. Strategic submarines are a potential use case for advanced atomic clocks because they need to be underwater for months at a time, and their timing cannot be updated from GPS satellites while they're underwater. They'll need a different technology for certain use cases that require very highly accurate timing, and our advanced mercury-ion clocks may be the solution.

Speaker #2: In other words, we're expanding the total size of an already high-rate production program. For another example of our ability to use internally developed technology for expanded use cases, we're currently exploring potential uses of our Mercury ion atomic clock for naval applications.

Thomas McClelland: For another example of our ability to use internally developed technology for expanded use cases, we're currently exploring potential uses of our mercury-ion atomic clock for naval applications. Strategic submarines are a potential use case for advanced atomic clocks because they need to be underwater for months at a time, and their timing cannot be updated from GPS satellites while they're underwater. They'll need a different technology for certain use cases that require very highly accurate timing, and our advanced mercury-ion clocks may be the solution.

Speaker #2: Strategic submarines are a potential use case for advanced atomic clocks because they need to be underwater for months at a time, and their timing cannot be updated from GPS satellites while they're underwater.

Speaker #2: So they'll need a different technology for certain use cases that require very highly accurate timing, and our advanced Mercury ion clocks may be the solution.

Speaker #2: We believe this is also a good example of our ability to participate in long-term programs for higher-priced systems and to do so with external funding.

Thomas McClelland: We believe this is also a good example of our ability to participate in long-term programs for higher-priced systems and to do so with external funding. In quantum sensing, we're making rapid progress in the development of advanced sensors for magnetic navigation in GPS-denied environments. We just recently delivered a sensor and associated electronics to the Army Research Laboratory for additional testing. Development is ongoing at FEI to make smaller, more capable magnetic sensing systems for Alt-PNT applications. Finally, I'd like to discuss the capital raise that we completed right at the end of the Q1 and how that may impact our long-term guidance. We've told you previously that we have sufficient capital in place to meet the minimum $150 million revenue target by fiscal 2029. Numerous customers, however, are asking us to do more for them and to do it more quickly.

Speaker #2: In quantum sensing, we're making rapid progress in the development of advanced sensors for magnetic navigation in GPS-denied environments. We just recently delivered a sensor and associated electronics to the Army Research Laboratory for additional testing.

Speaker #2: Development is ongoing at FDI to make smaller, more capable magnetic sensing systems for alt PNT applications. Finally, I'd like to discuss the capital raise that we completed right at the end of the first quarter and how that may impact our long-term guidance.

Thomas McClelland: Development is ongoing at FEI to make smaller, more capable magnetic sensing systems for Alt-PNT applications. Finally, I'd like to discuss the capital raise that we completed right at the end of the Q1 and how that may impact our long-term guidance. We've told you previously that we have sufficient capital in place to meet the minimum $150 million revenue target by fiscal 2029. Numerous customers, however, are asking us to do more for them and to do it more quickly.

Speaker #2: We've told you previously that we have sufficient capital in place to meet the minimum $150 million revenue target by fiscal 2029. Numerous customers, however, are asking us to do more for them and to do it more quickly.

Speaker #2: To meet this customer-driven business expansion, we decided to pursue a secondary offering of our common stock in July, which raised approximately $73 million and also brought several excellent, long-term-oriented new institutional investors into our shareholder base.

Thomas McClelland: To meet this customer-driven business expansion, we decided to pursue a secondary offering of our common stock in July, which raised approximately $73 million and also brought several excellent long-term oriented, new institutional investors into our shareholder base. Approximately $14 million of the total came in after the quarter ended as the greenshoe was exercised. We remain debt-free with a very strong cash position, and we anticipate being free cash flow generative on an annual basis going forward. We would like to thank Morgan Stanley, our lead bankers on the transaction, and Craig-Hallum, who served as book-running managers, for their hard work on this successful transaction.

Speaker #2: Approximately $14 million of the total came in after the quarter ended, as the green shoe was exercised. We remain debt-free with a very strong cash position, and we anticipate being free cash flow generative on an annual basis going forward.

Thomas McClelland: We remain debt-free with a very strong cash position, and we anticipate being free cash flow generative on an annual basis going forward. We would like to thank Morgan Stanley, our lead bankers on the transaction, and Craig-Hallum, who served as book-running managers, for their hard work on this successful transaction.

Speaker #2: We would like to thank Morgan Stanley, our lead bankers on the transaction, and Craig Hallum, who served as book-running managers, for their hard work on this successful transaction.

Speaker #2: The capital we raised will allow us to pursue capacity expansion to help meet these additional customer requests, which may have the effect of both reaching the $150 million minimum target sooner and making that target a substantially larger number by fiscal 2029.

Thomas McClelland: The capital we raised will allow us to pursue capacity expansion to help meet these additional customer requests, which may have the effect of our both reaching the $150 million minimum target sooner and making that target a substantially larger number by fiscal 2029. We also expect that some of our customers will pay for capacity expansion in certain cases. We expect this additional revenue growth that derives from capacity expansion to be organic, and it is likely that if we were to make any acquisitions, they would be small tuck-ins to add to our vertical manufacturing capabilities. In other words, we do not intend to buy revenue, frankly, because we don't need to, given the strength of our backlog, pipeline, order book, and prospects.

Speaker #2: We also expect that some of our customers will pay for capacity expansion in certain cases. We expect this additional revenue growth, which derives from capacity expansion, to be organic. It is likely that if we were to make any acquisitions, they would be small tuck-ins to add to our vertical manufacturing capabilities.

Thomas McClelland: We expect this additional revenue growth that derives from capacity expansion to be organic, and it is likely that if we were to make any acquisitions, they would be small tuck-ins to add to our vertical manufacturing capabilities. In other words, we do not intend to buy revenue, frankly, because we don't need to, given the strength of our backlog, pipeline, order book, and prospects.

Speaker #2: In other words, we do not intend to buy revenue—frankly, because we don't need to, given the strength of our backlog, pipeline, order book, and prospects.

Speaker #2: There's an exceptional amount of growth and value creation to be gained by focusing on what is in front of us, without getting distracted by a larger acquisition.

Thomas McClelland: There is an exceptional amount of growth and value creation to be gained by focusing on what is in front of us, without getting distracted by larger acquisitions. We should be able to super serve our customers with this extra capital, resulting in additional profitable growth that should benefit our shareholders as well. With that, I will turn it over to Steve for some financial commentary, and I look forward to taking your questions in the Q&A portion of the call. Steve?

Thomas McClelland: There is an exceptional amount of growth and value creation to be gained by focusing on what is in front of us, without getting distracted by larger acquisitions.

Speaker #2: We should be able to super-serve our customers with this extra capital, resulting in additional profitable growth that should benefit our shareholders as well.

Thomas McClelland: We should be able to super serve our customers with this extra capital, resulting in additional profitable growth that should benefit our shareholders as well. With that, I will turn it over to Steve for some financial commentary, and I look forward to taking your questions in the Q&A portion of the call. Steve?

Speaker #2: With that, I'll turn it over to Steve for some financial commentary, and I look forward to taking your questions in the Q&A portion of the call.

Speaker #2: Steve.

Speaker #3: Thank you, Tom, and good afternoon. As Tom highlighted, it's a great start to fiscal '27 and a strong start toward achieving our three-year targets.

Steven Bernstein: Thank you, Tom, and good afternoon. As Tom highlighted, it is a great start to our fiscal 2027 and a strong start to achieving our three-year targets. For the three months ended 31 July 2026, revenue from commercial and US government communication satellite programs was $11.8 million and accounted for approximately 50% of consolidated revenue, compared to $6.5 million and approximately 47% of consolidated revenue during the same period in the prior fiscal year. Revenue is recognized primarily over time under the percentage of completion method. Revenue from the satellite market are recorded in the FEI-NY segment.

Steve Bernstein: Thank you, Tom, and good afternoon. As Tom highlighted, it is a great start to our fiscal 2027 and a strong start to achieving our three-year targets. For the three months ended 31 July 2026, revenue from commercial and US government communication satellite programs was $11.8 million and accounted for approximately 50% of consolidated revenue, compared to $6.5 million and approximately 47% of consolidated revenue during the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: For the three months ended July 31, '26, revenue from commercial and U.S. government communication satellite programs was $11.8 million and accounted for approximately 50% of consolidated revenue, compared to $6.5 million and approximately 47% of consolidated revenue during the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: Revenue is recognized primarily over time under the percentage of completion method. Revenue from the satellite market is recorded in the FDI New York segment.

Steve Bernstein: Revenue is recognized primarily over time under the percentage of completion method. Revenue from the satellite market are recorded in the FEI-NY segment.

Speaker #3: Revenue from non-space U.S. government Department of Defense customers, which are recorded in both the FDI New York and FDI Zephyr segments, was $11.1 million and accounted for approximately 47% of consolidated revenue for the three months ended July 31, '26, compared to $6.9 million and approximately 50% of consolidated revenue during the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Steven Bernstein: Revenue from non-space US government Department of Defense customers, which are recorded in both the FEI-NY and FEI-Zyfer segments, were $11.1 million and accounted for approximately 47% of consolidated revenue for the three months ended 31 July 2026, compared to $6.9 million and approximately 50% of consolidated revenue during the same period in the prior fiscal year. Other commercial industrial revenue for the three months ended 31 July 2026 and 2025 accounted for approximately 3% of consolidated revenue and were $605,000 and $439,000 respectively. The revenue for the three months ending 31 July 2026 was significantly higher in both segments and in consolidation by approximately 70%, or $9.6 million over the same quarter of the prior fiscal year.

Steve Bernstein: Revenue from non-space US government Department of Defense customers, which are recorded in both the FEI-NY and FEI-Zyfer segments, were $11.1 million and accounted for approximately 47% of consolidated revenue for the three months ended 31 July 2026, compared to $6.9 million and approximately 50% of consolidated revenue during the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: Other commercial industrial revenue for the three months ended July 31, '26 and '25 accounted for approximately 3% of consolidated revenue and were $605,439,000, respectively.

Steve Bernstein: Other commercial industrial revenue for the three months ended 31 July 2026 and 2025 accounted for approximately 3% of consolidated revenue and were $605,000 and $439,000 respectively. The revenue for the three months ending 31 July 2026 was significantly higher in both segments and in consolidation by approximately 70%, or $9.6 million over the same quarter of the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: The revenue for the three months ending July 31st, 2026, was significantly higher in both segments and in consolidation, by approximately 70%, or $9.6 million, over the same quarter of the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: Revenue from commercial and U.S. government communication satellite programs increased $5.2 million and over 80%. Revenue from non-space U.S. government Department of Defense customers increased $4.2 million and over 61% over the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Steven Bernstein: Revenue from commercial and US government communication satellite programs increased $5.2 million and over 80%, and revenue from non-space US government Department of Defense customers increased $4.2 million and over 61% over the same period in the prior fiscal year. For the three months ended 31 July 2026, both gross margin and gross margin rate increased compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in gross margin is attributable to the $9.6 million increase in revenue compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The 9% improvement in gross margin rate is attributable to higher production levels driving efficiencies in labor, overhead allocation, product mix, and also partially due to efficiencies recognized as programs mature. For the three months ended 31 July 2026 and 2025, selling, general, and administrative expenses were approximately 18% and 26% respectively of consolidated revenues, a decrease of approximately 8%.

Steve Bernstein: Revenue from commercial and US government communication satellite programs increased $5.2 million and over 80%, and revenue from non-space US government Department of Defense customers increased $4.2 million and over 61% over the same period in the prior fiscal year. For the three months ended 31 July 2026, both gross margin and gross margin rate increased compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: For the three months ended July 31, 2026, both gross margin and gross margin rate increased compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: The increase in gross margin is attributable to the $9.6 million increase in revenue compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The 9% improvement in gross margin rate is attributable to higher production levels driving efficiencies in labor, overhead allocation, product mix, and also partially due to efficiencies recognized as programs mature.

Steve Bernstein: The increase in gross margin is attributable to the $9.6 million increase in revenue compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The 9% improvement in gross margin rate is attributable to higher production levels driving efficiencies in labor, overhead allocation, product mix, and also partially due to efficiencies recognized as programs mature. For the three months ended 31 July 2026 and 2025, selling, general, and administrative expenses were approximately 18% and 26% respectively of consolidated revenues, a decrease of approximately 8%.

Speaker #3: For the three months ended July 31, 26, and 25, selling, general, and administrative expenses were approximately 18% and 26%, respectively, of consolidated revenues—a decrease of approximately 8%.

Speaker #3: However, the actual expenditures increased by half a million. The increase in SG&A expenses during the three months ending July 31, '26, related mostly to compensation expenses.

Steven Bernstein: However, the actual expenditures increased by half a million. The increase in SG&A expenses during the 3 months ending 31 July 2026 related mostly to compensation expenses. SG&A as a percentage of revenue decreased 8% over the same period in the prior fiscal year, demonstrating positive operating leverage given the higher revenue base and because the prior year included strategic headcount additions and process optimizations that were implemented to support growth in fiscal 2027 and beyond, which caused SG&A as a percentage of revenue to be higher in fiscal 2026. Research and development expenditures represent investments intended to keep the company's products at the leading edge of time and frequency technology, enhance future competitiveness. Fluctuations in R&D expenditures will occur in some periods due to current operational needs supporting ongoing programs. The company plans to continue to invest in R&D in the future to keep its products at the state-of-the-art.

Steve Bernstein: However, the actual expenditures increased by half a million. The increase in SG&A expenses during the 3 months ending 31 July 2026 related mostly to compensation expenses. SG&A as a percentage of revenue decreased 8% over the same period in the prior fiscal year, demonstrating positive operating leverage given the higher revenue base and because the prior year included strategic headcount additions and process optimizations that were implemented to support growth in fiscal 2027 and beyond, which caused SG&A as a percentage of revenue to be higher in fiscal 2026.

Speaker #3: SG&A as a percentage of revenue decreased 8% over the same period in the prior fiscal year, demonstrating positive operating leverage given the higher revenue base. The prior year included strategic headcount additions and process optimizations that were implemented to support growth in fiscal '27 and beyond, which caused SG&A as a percentage of revenue to be higher in fiscal '26.

Speaker #3: Research and development expenditures represent investments intended to keep the company's products at the leading edge of time and frequency technology and enhance future competitiveness.

Steve Bernstein: Research and development expenditures represent investments intended to keep the company's products at the leading edge of time and frequency technology, enhance future competitiveness. Fluctuations in R&D expenditures will occur in some periods due to current operational needs supporting ongoing programs. The company plans to continue to invest in R&D in the future to keep its products at the state-of-the-art.

Speaker #3: Fluctuations in R&D expenditures will occur in some periods due to current operational needs supporting ongoing programs. The company plans to continue to invest in R&D in the future to keep its products at the state of the art.

Speaker #3: For the three months ending July 31st, '26, operating income was $5.2 million, or 22% of revenue, and increased significantly compared to the prior fiscal year period's $364,000 operating income due to the higher revenue, gross margin, and operational efficiencies that I described above.

Steven Bernstein: For the 3 months ending 31 July 2026, operating income was $5.2 million, or 22% of revenue, and increased significantly compared to the prior fiscal year period's $364,000 operating income due to the higher revenue, gross margin, and operational efficiencies as described above. The majority of the approximate $0.1 million of investment income for the 3 months ended 31 July 2026, was from interest income and unrealized gains on assets held in the Frequency Electronics Deferred Compensation Trust. This yields a pre-tax income of approximately $5.2 million for the 3 months ending 31 July 2026, compared to approximately $557,000 pre-tax income for the 3 months ending 31 July 2025. Consolidated net income for the 3 months ending 31 July 2026, was approximately $4.2 million, or $0.41 per share, compared to $634,000, or $0.07 per share, for the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Steve Bernstein: For the 3 months ending 31 July 2026, operating income was $5.2 million, or 22% of revenue, and increased significantly compared to the prior fiscal year period's $364,000 operating income due to the higher revenue, gross margin, and operational efficiencies as described above. The majority of the approximate $0.1 million of investment income for the 3 months ended 31 July 2026, was from interest income and unrealized gains on assets held in the Frequency Electronics Deferred Compensation Trust.

Speaker #3: The majority of the approximately $0.1 million of investment income for the three months ended July 31, 2026, was from interest income and unrealized gains on assets held in the Frequency Electronics deferred compensation trust.

Speaker #3: This yields a pre-tax income of approximately $5.2 million for the three months ended July 31, '26, compared to approximately $557,000 pre-tax income for the three months ended July 31, '25.

Steve Bernstein: This yields a pre-tax income of approximately $5.2 million for the 3 months ending 31 July 2026, compared to approximately $557,000 pre-tax income for the 3 months ending 31 July 2025. Consolidated net income for the 3 months ending 31 July 2026, was approximately $4.2 million, or $0.41 per share, compared to $634,000, or $0.07 per share, for the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: Consolidated net income for the three months ending July 31, '26 is approximately $4.2 million, or $0.41 per share, compared to $634,000, or $0.07 per share for the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Speaker #3: Our fully funded backlog at the end of July was approximately $129 million, a new company high compared to approximately $111 million for the previous fiscal year ending April 30, '26, and compared to approximately $71 million in the year-ago period.

Steven Bernstein: Our fully funding backlog at the end of July was approximately $129 million, a new company high, compared to approximately $111 million for the previous fiscal year ending 30 April 2026, and compared to approximately $71 million in the year-ago period. The company's balance sheet continues to reflect a strong working capital position of approximately $90 million and a current ratio of approximately 5.3 to one, helped by the company's stock offering, and which increased further following the exercise of the greenshoe after the quarter ended. Additionally, the company is debt-free. The company believes that its liquidity is adequate to meet its operating and investing needs for the next 12 months and the foreseeable future. I'll turn the call back to Tom, and we look forward to your questions.

Steve Bernstein: Our fully funding backlog at the end of July was approximately $129 million, a new company high, compared to approximately $111 million for the previous fiscal year ending 30 April 2026, and compared to approximately $71 million in the year-ago period. The company's balance sheet continues to reflect a strong working capital position of approximately $90 million and a current ratio of approximately 5.3 to one, helped by the company's stock offering, and which increased further following the exercise of the greenshoe after the quarter ended.

Speaker #3: The company's balance sheet continues to reflect a strong working capital position of approximately $90 million and a current ratio of approximately 5.3 to 1, helped by the company's stock offering, which increased further following the exercise of the green shoe after the quarter ended.

Speaker #3: Additionally, the company is debt-free. The company believes that its liquidity is adequate to meet its operating and investing needs for the next 12 months and the foreseeable future.

Steve Bernstein: Additionally, the company is debt-free. The company believes that its liquidity is adequate to meet its operating and investing needs for the next 12 months and the foreseeable future. I'll turn the call back to Tom, and we look forward to your questions.

Speaker #3: I'll turn the call back to Tom, and we look forward to your questions.

Speaker #1: Thanks, Steve. We're now ready to take questions.

Thomas McClelland: Thanks, Steve. We're now ready to take questions.

Speaker #2: Thank you. At this time, we will be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad.

Operator: Thank you. At this time, we will be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment, please, while we poll for questions. The first question today will be from Jeff Van Rhee from Craig-Hallum. Jeff, your line is live.

Speaker #2: A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two to join the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys.

Operator: You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment, please, while we poll for questions. The first question today will be from Jeff Van Rhee from Craig-Hallum. Jeff, your line is live.

Speaker #2: One moment, please, while we pull up questions. The first question today will be from Jeff Vanree from Craig-Holland. Jeff, your line is live.

Speaker #1: Great, thanks. Thanks for taking the questions, guys, and congrats across the board. It just looks like a fantastic quarter here. Maybe a few for me.

Jeff Van Rhee: Great, thanks. Thanks for taking the questions, guys, and congrats across the board. It just looks like a fantastic quarter here. Maybe a few for me. Tom, maybe touch on TURbO. I know, obviously, interesting form factor, a lot of useful applications. Can you just give us a little update in terms of what you're seeing there, in particular from the new bookings side, strength of bookings, any quantification of where revenue is going, maybe insights into the use cases, just how it is being deployed. Just sort of a broader update on TURbO would be great.

Speaker #1: The Tom, maybe touch on Turbo. I know obviously interesting form factor, a lot of useful applications. Can you just give us a little update in terms of what you're seeing there in particular from the new bookings side, strength of bookings, any quantification of where revenue is going, maybe insights into the use cases, just how it's being deployed?

Speaker #1: Just sort of a broader update on Turbo would be great.

Speaker #4: Yeah. Yeah, sure, Jeff. We're just starting to begin delivering production-rate Turbo units at this point in time. Still relatively small quantities, but we anticipate things will be picking up in the near future.

Thomas McClelland: Yeah. Sure, Jeff. We are just beginning to deliver production rate TURbO units at this point in time. Relatively small quantities still, but we anticipate things will be picking up in the near future. Currently, the applications are all aircraft applications, manned aircraft applications, although we have discussions with some companies regarding drone applications, which is one of the areas that we are most excited about. We are also starting some initial efforts in terms of updating the development of the TURbO units for use in space. Primarily, that involves radiation hardening of those devices.

Speaker #4: Currently, the applications are all aircraft applications—manned aircraft applications. Although we have discussions with some companies regarding drone applications, which is one of the areas that we're most excited about.

Speaker #4: We are also starting some initial efforts in terms of updating the development of the Turbo units for use in space. Primarily, that involves radiation hardening of those devices.

Speaker #1: Got it. That's helpful. And then maybe just a couple quick ones on the numbers front, Steve. The percent of the backlog that's 12 months, and then also, if you could, just any color around funded.

Jeff Van Rhee: Got it. That is helpful. Then maybe just a couple quick on the numbers front. Steve, the percent of the backlog that is 12 months, and then also if you could, just any color around funded. I know you only report in total backlog the portion that is funded. I am wondering how the ratio of funded to total has changed maybe compared to, say, a year ago quarter.

Speaker #1: I know you only report in total backlog. For the portion that's funded, I'm wondering how the ratio of funded to total has changed, maybe compared to, say, a year-ago quarter.

Speaker #3: Well, I'll answer the first question. The reported backlog is fully funded—so that is fully funded. We don't report the non-funded parts, the options, or things like that.

Steven Bernstein: Well, I will answer the first question. Well, the reported backlog is fully funded. That is fully funded. We do not report the non-funded part of the options or things Tom has explained numerous times, like we get a contract just for $10 million, maybe 10% or 20% of it is funded, so only $1 million or $2 million would go into backlog. We do not report that other $8 million or $9 million until it becomes funded.

Steve Bernstein: Well, I will answer the first question. Well, the reported backlog is fully funded. That is fully funded. We do not report the non-funded part of the options or things Tom has explained numerous times, like we get a contract just for $10 million, maybe 10% or 20% of it is funded, so only $1 million or $2 million would go into backlog. We do not report that other $8 million or $9 million until it becomes funded.

Speaker #3: Tom has explained numerous times, like, we get a contractor just for, like, $10 million—maybe 10 or 20% of it's funded. It's only $1 million or $2 million would go into backlog.

Speaker #3: We don't report that other $8 million or $9 million until it becomes funded.

Speaker #1: Yeah, no, understood. What I'm asking is, you've got visibility to what the rest of that backlog is, but you're only reporting funding. I'm asking the ratio of what's visible to total, and how it's changed.

Jeff Van Rhee: Yeah, no, understood. What I am asking is you have got visibility to what the rest of that backlog is, but you are only reporting funding. I am asking the ratio of what is visible to total and how it has changed. Then the second part of the question is what portion is the next 12 months?

Speaker #1: And then the second part of the question is: what portion is in the next 12 months?

Speaker #3: Well, I think it's multiple times of it going to the unfunded portion of it. And as for the 12 months, it's about 60 some-odd percent—65% approximately.

Steven Bernstein: Well, I think it is multiple times of it, the unfunded portion of it. As for the 12 months, it is about 60 some odd percent, 65% approximately.

Steve Bernstein: Well, I think it is multiple times of it, the unfunded portion of it. As for the 12 months, it is about 60 some odd percent, 65% approximately.

Speaker #1: Okay. Tom, you referenced it again on this call, and you talked about it last call as well. I mean, obviously the order book is full, and you've got to figure out how to allocate and which orders to take.

Jeff Van Rhee: Okay. Tom, you referenced again on this call, and you talked about it last call as well. Obviously, the order book is full, and you have got to figure out how to allocate and which orders to take. But one of the responses has been to ramp up production. Just talk a little bit about where you are in that volume production ramp, that build-out. Are you hitting your throughput goals? It is a challenge to keep up with this level of growth. Curious how you are doing on that volume production shift.

Speaker #1: But one of the responses has been to ramp production. Just talk a little bit about where you are in that volume production ramp, that build out.

Speaker #1: Are you hitting your throughput goals? It's a challenge to keep up with this level of growth. Curious how you're doing on that volume production shift.

Speaker #4: Yeah, right. That's a really good question, Jeff. I think that's certainly one of our biggest challenges at this point. We are successfully ramping up our production on a number of fronts at this point.

Thomas McClelland: Yeah. It's a really good question, Jeff. I think that's certainly one of our biggest challenges at this point. We are successfully ramping up our production on a number of fronts at this point. There are some challenges and limits to what we are able to achieve in that regard. I think, one of the management challenges is being able to thread the needle appropriately so that we, of course, we never like to turn down additional business. On the other hand, it's very important for us to deliver what we say we're going to deliver and to do it on time. In some cases, we are not signing up to some of the more ridiculously optimistic schedules that some of our customers are asking for, because we don't feel that it's possible.

Speaker #4: But there are some challenges and limits to what we are able to achieve in that regard. And I think one of the management challenges is being able to thread the needle appropriately so that we, of course, never like to turn down additional business.

Speaker #4: On the other hand, it's very important for us to deliver what we say we're going to deliver and to do it on time. So, in some cases, we are not signing up to some of the more ridiculously optimistic schedules that some of our customers are asking for, because we don't feel that it's possible.

Thomas McClelland: On the other hand, it's very important for us to deliver what we say we're going to deliver and to do it on time. In some cases, we are not signing up to some of the more ridiculously optimistic schedules that some of our customers are asking for, because we don't feel that it's possible.

Speaker #4: And I think it's important for us to stand firm on that kind of thing. But yeah, we're walking a tightrope in this regard at this point.

Thomas McClelland: I think, it's important for us to stand firm on that kind of a thing. We're walking a tightrope in this regard at this point. Let's just put it that way.

Speaker #4: Let's just put it that way.

Speaker #1: Yep, understood. And then maybe two other quick ones, if I could, on the proliferated LEO opportunity. I mean, I think you commented last quarter on 90% win rates in space, and in particular, we've seen some really interesting, let's call it green shoots, in terms of proliferated LEO and the ability to win.

Jeff Van Rhee: Yep. Understood. Then maybe two other quick, if I could, on the proliferated LEO opportunity. I think you commented last quarter, 90% win rates in space, and in particular, we've seen some real interesting, call it green shoots, in terms of proliferated LEO and the ability to win. Just curious, any updates there last 90 days, things that have influenced your conviction, what you're seeing in the pipeline there, observations on pLEO opportunity would be great.

Speaker #1: Just curious, any updates there in the last 90 days—things that have influenced your conviction? What are you seeing in the pipeline there? Observations on the PLEO opportunity would be great.

Speaker #4: Yeah, yeah. I think the opportunities are really good. I think that the big arena for us is the classified satellites, where the architecture is very aggressively moving to the proliferated satellite model.

Thomas McClelland: Yeah. I think the opportunities are really good. I think that, big arena for us is the classified satellites, which the architecture is very aggressively moving to the proliferated satellite model. It is still in the early stages of that transition, but we're at the point where we're moving from demonstrating capabilities to initial production on those programs. We're getting involved in more programs every day at this point. That's really pretty exciting. I think there's a tremendous amount more to come in the future. We hear a lot of talk about data centers in space, but that hasn't materialized quite yet. I know there's talk about that happening in 2027, but I think that's probably a little bit overly optimistic. The proliferated satellite, that concept is definitely happening, and we are in the thick of it and very excited about that.

Speaker #4: It is still in the early stages of that transition, but we are—we're kind of at the point where we're moving from demonstrating capabilities to initial production on those programs.

Speaker #4: We're getting involved in more programs every day at this point, so that's really pretty exciting. But I think there's a tremendous amount more to come in the future.

Thomas McClelland: We're getting involved in more programs every day at this point. That's really pretty exciting. I think there's a tremendous amount more to come in the future. We hear a lot of talk about data centers in space, but that hasn't materialized quite yet. I know there's talk about that happening in 2027, but I think that's probably a little bit overly optimistic. The proliferated satellite, that concept is definitely happening, and we are in the thick of it and very excited about that.

Speaker #4: We hear a lot of talk about data centers in space, but that hasn't materialized quite yet. I know there's talk about that happening in 2027, but I think that's probably a little bit overly optimistic.

Speaker #4: But the proliferated satellite concept is definitely happening, and we are in the thick of it and very excited about that—sort of a variant of that.

Thomas McClelland: Sort of a variant of that, we are of course, actively involved in some of the lunar missions that get a lot of press at this point in time. In some ways, it is similar to the proliferated satellites. In some ways it is different. We are not really talking about hundreds or thousands of devices heading toward the moon. I think a lot of the approach is similar to the proliferated satellites, where we are looking for a lot smaller, cheaper, faster production of things. I think that is important involvement for us because it helps to get our feet wet in this smaller, cheaper, faster arena.

Speaker #4: We're, of course, actively involved in some of the lunar missions that get a lot of press at this point in time. And in some ways, it's similar to the proliferated satellites.

Speaker #4: In some ways, it's different. We're not really talking about hundreds or thousands of devices heading toward the Moon, but I think a lot of the approach is similar to the proliferated satellites, where we're looking for a lot smaller, cheaper, faster production of things.

Speaker #4: And so I think that that's important involvement for us, because it helps to get our feet wet in this smaller, cheaper, faster arena.

Jeff Van Rhee: Mm-hmm. Very helpful. Last one maybe on gross margin. Tom, I know you pay a lot of attention to which contracts you take and which you do not. There are a lot of variables that can affect your gross margins, whether they are follow-on orders versus new, and a variety of other things. Just as you look at the order book and what is to come over the next few quarters, any notable call-outs in terms of, you put up a great gross margin print here this quarter, quite a bit ahead of us. Things that would drive it higher or lower. I know you are not going to call a specific quarter, but as you look out over the next two or three, anything to call out about what is in that pipe and going to turn into revenue and whether those are in particular upward or downward pressure on gross margin?

Speaker #1: Very helpful. Last one, maybe on gross margin. Tom, I know you pay a lot of attention to which contracts you take and which you don't.

Speaker #1: And there are a lot of variables that can affect your gross margins, whether they're follow-on orders versus new, and a variety of other things.

Speaker #1: Just as you look at the order book and what is to come over the next few quarters, any notable callouts in terms of—you put up a great gross margin print here this quarter, quite a bit ahead of us.

Speaker #1: Things that would drive it higher or lower. I know you're not going to call a specific quarter, but as you look out over the next two or three, anything to call out about what's in that pipe and going to turn into revenue, and whether those are in particular upward or downward pressure on gross margin?

Jeff Van Rhee: Things that would drive it higher or lower. I know you are not going to call a specific quarter, but as you look out over the next two or three, anything to call out about what is in that pipe and going to turn into revenue and whether those are in particular upward or downward pressure on gross margin?

Speaker #4: Yeah, I don't see any particular either upward or downward pressure on things at this point in time. I guess what I'd say is that it's really part of our strategy at this point.

Thomas McClelland: Yeah. I do not see any particular either upward or downward pressure on things at this point in time. I guess what I would say is, it is really part of our strategy at this point, and we have talked about it before. There is so much growth in our basic markets that it puts us in a really strong position. We can be a little bit picky. I think for us, the strategy is to be disciplined, to make sure that we bid things such that we can be very profitable and maintain our high margins. Of course, part of that strategy is being willing to lose some things if the competition is extreme and the margins that we would necessarily need to accept in order to get those programs are a little bit lower. So we are in a really good position, and we are staying disciplined.

Speaker #4: And we've talked about it before. There's so much growth in our basic markets that it puts us in a really strong position. We can be a little bit picky.

Speaker #4: So I think for us, the strategy is to be disciplined—to make sure that we bid things such that we can be very profitable and maintain our high margins.

Speaker #4: And, of course, part of that strategy is being willing to lose some things if the competition is extreme and the margins that we would necessarily need to accept in order to get those programs are a little bit lower.

Thomas McClelland: Of course, part of that strategy is being willing to lose some things if the competition is extreme and the margins that we would necessarily need to accept in order to get those programs are a little bit lower. So we are in a really good position, and we are staying disciplined.

Speaker #4: So we're in a really good position and we are staying disciplined. And yeah, I think we've talked about it previously. The proliferated satellites, especially in the early stages, are ones where we are willing to accept somewhat lower margins in order to get involved in those programs.

Thomas McClelland: I think we have talked about it previously, the proliferated satellites, especially in the early stages, are ones where we are willing to accept somewhat lower margins in order to get involved in those programs. But at this point, there is not a major move in that direction in the sense of having to accept lower margins. We are seeing activity in the proliferated satellites, but we have not really seen a lot of pressure on our margins. So I think it is pretty optimistic on the margin front. I will say that we should not interpret that as a straight line upward necessarily as we go.

Speaker #4: But at this point, there's not a major move in that direction in the sense of lower margins. We are seeing activity in the proliferated satellites, but we haven't really seen a lot of pressure on our margins.

Speaker #4: So I think it's pretty optimistic on the margin front. But yeah, I will say that we shouldn't interpret that as a straight line upward necessarily as we go.

Speaker #1: Yep, yep. Got it. Congrats and understood. And obviously, years of decision-making—good decision-making—getting you guys to this point. So, congrats to the whole team.

Jeff Van Rhee: Yep. Got it. Congrats, and understood. Obviously, years of good decision making, getting you guys to this point, so congrats to the whole team.

Speaker #4: Thanks, Jeff.

Thomas McClelland: Thanks, Jeff.

Speaker #3: Thank you. The next question will be from John Sigmond from Stiefel. John, your line is live.

Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from John Sigmon from Stifel. John, your line is live.

Speaker #5: Hey, good afternoon. Thank you very much for taking my question and congratulations on the momentum in the business.

John Sigmon: Hey, good afternoon. Thank you very much for taking my question, and congratulations on the momentum in the business.

Jonathan Siegmann: Hey, good afternoon. Thank you very much for taking my question, and congratulations on the momentum in the business.

Speaker #4: Yeah, thanks.

Thomas McClelland: Yeah, thanks.

Speaker #5: So, the company's got a long history of relationships with the larger traditional companies. You've made reference in earlier calls about bidding with some of these new companies.

John Sigmon: The company's got a long history of relationships with the larger traditional companies. You've made reference in earlier calls about bidding with some of these new companies. Clearly, some success sounds like it's percolating on the space side. Can you talk a little bit about any penetration and success you've had with the new defense tech companies? Thank you.

Jonathan Siegmann: The company's got a long history of relationships with the larger traditional companies. You've made reference in earlier calls about bidding with some of these new companies. Clearly, some success sounds like it's percolating on the space side. Can you talk a little bit about any penetration and success you've had with the new defense tech companies? Thank you.

Speaker #5: Clearly, some success sounds like it's percolating on the space side. Can you talk a little bit about any penetration and success you've had with the new defense tech companies?

Speaker #5: Thank you.

Speaker #4: Good, very good question. Yes, I think it's true that, at this point in time, most of our success in this arena is in the space environment.

Thomas McClelland: Very good question. Yes. I think it's true that at this point in time, most of our success in this arena is in the space environment. I have to be very careful about talking about specific programs, but we've had conversations with a number of the newer space companies on a variety of different programs, Intuitive Machines, Astranis, and a number of others. In the defense arena, we don't have a whole lot of success in this area yet, although we are certainly pursuing things with a number of different companies. Of course, Anduril, in particular, is one that we've had communications with. Let me just leave it at that.

Speaker #4: I have to be very careful about talking about specific programs, but we've had conversations with a number of the newer space companies on a variety of different programs: Intuitive Machines, Astranis, and a number of others.

Thomas McClelland: In the defense arena, we don't have a whole lot of success in this area yet, although we are certainly pursuing things with a number of different companies. Of course, Anduril, in particular, is one that we've had communications with. Let me just leave it at that.

Speaker #4: In the defense arena, we don't have a whole lot of success in this area yet, although we are certainly pursuing things with a number of different companies.

Speaker #4: Of course, Anduril in particular is one that we've had communications with. Yeah, let me just leave it at that.

Speaker #5: That's great. And then maybe just on the traditional side, the Patriot and THAAD production increases—you mentioned you’re more on the battery side versus the interceptor side, but is there any way to frame how much those increases could be for your business if we’re tripling production rates for those programs?

John Sigmon: That's great. Well, maybe just on the traditional side, the Patriot and THAAD production increases. Understand you're more on the battery side versus the interceptor side, but is there any way to frame how much increases that could be for your business if we're tripling production rates for those programs? Thank you again.

Jonathan Siegmann: That's great. Well, maybe just on the traditional side, the Patriot and THAAD production increases. Understand you're more on the battery side versus the interceptor side, but is there any way to frame how much increases that could be for your business if we're tripling production rates for those programs? Thank you again.

Speaker #5: Thank you again.

Speaker #4: Yeah, it's very significant. Obviously, you don't build new batteries every time you shoot up a couple of missiles, but I think the bottom line is we're seeing a tremendous amount of business for both THAAD and Patriot.

Thomas McClelland: Yeah, it is very significant. Obviously, you do not build new batteries every time you shoot off a couple of missiles. I think the bottom line is we are seeing a tremendous amount of business for both THAAD and Patriot. To put that into context, I think there is a lot of activity in Ukraine, talking about additional missile batteries and things. I think that the more missiles are shot off, it tends to mean that batteries are needed in additional locations, and this translates into more business for us in these applications. So yeah, for whatever reason, I think the bottom line is it is a thriving business for us at this point.

Speaker #4: And I think, to put that into context, there’s a lot of activity in Ukraine talking about additional missile batteries and things. I think that the more missiles are shot off, it tends to mean that batteries are needed in additional locations.

Thomas McClelland: I think that the more missiles are shot off, it tends to mean that batteries are needed in additional locations, and this translates into more business for us in these applications. So yeah, for whatever reason, I think the bottom line is it is a thriving business for us at this point.

Speaker #4: And this translates into more business for us. It needs applications. So yeah, it for whatever reason, I think the bottom line is it's a thriving business for us at this point.

Speaker #5: Thank you.

John Sigmon: Thank you.

Jonathan Siegmann: Thank you.

Speaker #3: Thank you. And once again, it will be star one if you wish to ask a question today. The next question will be from Steve Levinson from Big Rock Research.

Operator: Thank you. Once again, it will be star 1 if you wish to ask a question today. The next question will be from Steve Levinson from Big Rock Research. Steve, your line is live.

Speaker #3: Steve, your line is live.

Speaker #5: Thank you very much. Good afternoon.

Steve Levinson: Thank you very much. Good afternoon.

Steve Levenson: Thank you very much. Good afternoon.

Speaker #4: Yeah, hi, Steve.

Thomas McClelland: Yeah. Hi, Steve.

Steve Levinson: I have enjoyed watching your progress over the last few years, and I am curious about a few things. You talked about using some of your new capital to expand manufacturing, and I imagine a lot of your work is sort of manual benchwork, and I am wondering if there is an opportunity to enhance margins by using some automation, or is that impractical for the sort of assemblies you make?

Steve Levenson: I have enjoyed watching your progress over the last few years, and I am curious about a few things. You talked about using some of your new capital to expand manufacturing, and I imagine a lot of your work is sort of manual benchwork, and I am wondering if there is an opportunity to enhance margins by using some automation, or is that impractical for the sort of assemblies you make?

Speaker #5: I've enjoyed watching your progress over the last few years, and I'm curious about a few things. You talked about using some of your new capital to expand manufacturing.

Speaker #5: And I imagine a lot of your work is sort of manual bench work, and I'm wondering if there's an opportunity to enhance margins by using some automation, or is that impractical for the sort of assemblies you make?

Speaker #4: Well, that's a very good question. It's certainly not out of the question. In fact, we are looking at that very carefully, especially since quartz crystal manufacturing is an important part of what we do.

Thomas McClelland: Well, that is a very good question. It is certainly not out of the question. In fact, we are looking at that very carefully, especially in, quartz crystal manufacturing is an important part of what we do, and the quantities that are required. I guess I should emphasize that this is part of our vertical integration. We do all of the manufacturing of quartz resonators, starting from raw quartz crystal material. So the production there is certainly one of the challenges that we face at this point in time, and we are looking at putting in place additional equipment that has higher throughput capabilities. We tend to think of our production facility as sort of a boutique facility, because in general, the quantities that we work with are relatively small for space applications and so forth and so on.

Speaker #4: And the quantities that are required, I guess I should emphasize that all of this is part of our vertical integration. We do all of the manufacturing of quartz resonators starting from raw quartz crystal material.

Speaker #4: And so the production there is certainly one of the challenges that we face at this point in time. We are looking at putting in place additional equipment that has higher throughput capabilities.

Thomas McClelland: So the production there is certainly one of the challenges that we face at this point in time, and we are looking at putting in place additional equipment that has higher throughput capabilities. We tend to think of our production facility as sort of a boutique facility, because in general, the quantities that we work with are relatively small for space applications and so forth and so on.

Speaker #4: We tend to think of our production facility as sort of a boutique facility, because in general, the quantities that we work with are relatively small for space applications, and so forth and so on.

Speaker #4: And relative to quartz crystal manufacturing for consumer watches and things of that sort, our production will remain relatively small going forward. But it is nonetheless increasing.

Thomas McClelland: Relative to quartz crystal manufacturing for consumer watches and things of that sort, our production will remain relatively small going forward. But it is nonetheless increasing, and so we are looking at putting in place equipment that can increase the throughput. In addition to that, though, there is a lot of equipment that is needed, just in general. Most of the products that go into space need to be tested in a space-like environment, a so-called thermal vacuum.

Speaker #4: And so we are looking at putting in place equipment that can increase the throughput. In addition to that, though, there's a lot of equipment that is needed just in general. Most of the products that go into space need to be tested in a space-like environment—so-called thermal vacuum.

Speaker #4: A vacuum environment where we can modify the temperature to be similar to what units experience in space. And so, obviously, that's an environment which is normally not encountered on Earth.

Thomas McClelland: thermal vacuum environment where we can modify the temperature to be similar to what units experience in space. So obviously, that's an environment which is normally not encountered on Earth, and there's a lot of special test equipment in order to be able to test them in those kind of environments. So that's another thing that we're looking at adding additional capacity for. Of course, there's a lot of other things that we're looking at at this point in time. Those are just a couple of straightforward examples.

Speaker #4: And there's a lot of special test equipment in order to be able to test in those kinds of environments, so that's another thing that we're looking at adding.

Speaker #4: Additional capacity for... And of course, there are a lot of other things that we're looking at at this point in time. Those are just a couple of straightforward examples.

Speaker #5: Great, that's helpful, thank you. My other question would be, in terms of proliferated satellite constellations, is there an application for the quantum sensor to gather data for the World Magnetic Model?

Steve Levinson: Great. That's helpful. Thank you. My other question would be, in terms of proliferated satellite constellations, is there an application for the quantum sensing to gather data for the World Magnetic Model? Is that something that can be done using that device from space, or is that more a terrestrial item?

Steve Levenson: Great. That's helpful. Thank you. My other question would be, in terms of proliferated satellite constellations, is there an application for the quantum sensing to gather data for the World Magnetic Model? Is that something that can be done using that device from space, or is that more a terrestrial item?

Speaker #5: Is that something that can be done using that device from space, or is that more of a terrestrial item?

Speaker #4: Well, it definitely is something that meaningful measurements can be made from space. And I know there is definitely some talk and some ideas for doing just that.

Thomas McClelland: Well, it definitely is something that meaningful measurements can be made from space, and I know there is definitely some talk and some ideas for doing just that. I think that, in terms of overall quantities, I think that would remain relatively small. But it is definitely something that we're interested in pursuing.

Speaker #4: I think that, in terms of overall quantities, that would remain relatively small. But it is definitely something that we're interested in pursuing.

Speaker #5: Great, thank you very much. I'll be watching your progress along the way. Thanks.

Steve Levinson: Great. Thank you very much. I'll be watching your progress along the way. Thanks.

Steve Levenson: Great. Thank you very much. I'll be watching your progress along the way. Thanks.

Speaker #4: Okay. Great. Thank you.

Thomas McClelland: Okay, great. Thank you.

Speaker #3: Thank you. The next question will be coming from Michael Eisner. Michael is a private investor. Michael, your line is live.

Operator: Thank you. The next question will be coming from Michael Eisner, and Michael is a private investor. Michael, your line is live.

Michael Eisner: Hey, great job. One quick question or two. In space, is there a specific area you see the most revenue coming from, or opportunity?

[Analyst]: Hey, great job. One quick question or two. In space, is there a specific area you see the most revenue coming from, or opportunity?

Speaker #6: Hey, great job. One quick question, or maybe two. In space, is there a specific area where you see the most revenue coming from, or the most opportunity?

Speaker #4: Well, I think no. The simple answer is, I think we are seeing increasing revenue from just a variety of different directions, and that's really what's so exciting and unique about this time.

Thomas McClelland: Well, I think, no. The simple answer is, I think we're seeing increasing revenue from just a variety of different directions, and that's really what's so exciting and unique about this time, relative certainly to a decade or two decades ago. I think we've commented on it recently, whereas a decade ago, there were something like 100 launches in a year. I think in the last year, the United States launched something like 3,700 objects into space. 100 objects launched into space, objects being satellites and things like that. And now 3,700. So tremendous growth any way you look at it. The traditional satellite activity is booming. We have a lot of work going on right now. But the new proliferated LEO satellite stuff is also very active, and we have a lot of programs that we're getting involved in.

Speaker #4: Relative certainly to a decade or two decades ago. It's just I think we've commented on it recently. Whereas a decade ago, there were something like 100 launches in a year I think in the last in the last year, the United States had something like launched something like 3,700 objects into space.

Thomas McClelland: I think in the last year, the United States launched something like 3,700 objects into space. 100 objects launched into space, objects being satellites and things like that. And now 3,700. So tremendous growth any way you look at it. The traditional satellite activity is booming. We have a lot of work going on right now. But the new proliferated LEO satellite stuff is also very active, and we have a lot of programs that we're getting involved in.

Speaker #4: So, 100 objects launched into space—objects being satellites and things like that. And now, it's 3,700. So, tremendous growth any way you look at it.

Speaker #4: The traditional satellite activity is booming. We have a lot of work going on right now. But the new proliferated satellite stuff is also very active, and we have a lot of programs that we're getting involved in.

Speaker #4: And as we demonstrate success on those programs, we see more and more coming in the front door. So, pretty exciting.

Thomas McClelland: As we demonstrate success on those programs, we see more and more coming in the front door. Pretty exciting.

Michael Eisner: That's good. I like the answer. What's the book-to-bill at this time?

[Analyst]: That's good. I like the answer. What's the book-to-bill at this time?

Speaker #6: That's why I like the answer. What's the book-to-bill at this time?

Thomas McClelland: Steve, you got those kind of numbers?

Speaker #4: Steve, do you have those kinds of numbers?

Speaker #7: The book-to-bill is about 1.76-to-1 for the quarter.

Steven Bernstein: The book-to-bill is about 1.76 to one for the quarter.

Steve Bernstein: The book-to-bill is about 1.76 to one for the quarter.

Speaker #6: 1.76 to 1. All right. Excellent. Thank you for your time.

Michael Eisner: 1.76 to one. All right, excellent. Thank you for your time.

[Analyst]: 1.76 to one. All right, excellent. Thank you for your time.

Speaker #7: No problem.

Steven Bernstein: No problem.

Steve Bernstein: No problem.

Speaker #4: Okay. Thanks, Mike.

Thomas McClelland: Okay, thanks, Mike.

Speaker #3: Thank you. And the next question will be from Robert Smith from the Center of Performance Investing. Robert, your line is live.

Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Robert Smith from the Center for Performance Investing. Robert, your line is live.

Speaker #5: Thank you for taking my questions. Congratulations on the ramp. It's affirming to see.

Robert Smith: Thank you for taking my questions. Congratulations on the ramp. It is superb to see.

Speaker #4: Thank you.

Thomas McClelland: Thank you.

Robert Smith: My first question is, could you give me the current R&D figure, and how do you see R&D as a percent of revenue going forward, considering the large targets that you have for growth?

Speaker #5: My first question is, could you give me the current R&D figure? And how do you see R&D as a percent of revenue going forward, considering the large targets that you have for growth?

Speaker #4: That's a good question. Let me start with a couple of qualitative statements. I think we've talked about this in the past, but one of the overall strategies for the company is to try to get as much external funding for R&D as possible.

Thomas McClelland: Well, a good question. I think a couple of qualitative statements first. I think, and we have talked about this in the past, but one of the overall strategies for the company is to try to get as much external funding for R&D as possible. I think this is really important in the kind of products that we specialize in because the primary customer for our products is really the U.S. government. And when the U.S. government funds research, it is always because they are funding applications that they are interested in. And of course, that is what we want to focus our research and development on, what our customers are interested in, as opposed to stuff that might be intellectually interesting but does not necessarily lead to profitable products down the road. So that is the first thing, is to try to get external funding for as much research and development as possible.

Speaker #4: I think this is really important in the kind of products that we specialize in because the primary customer for our products is really the U.S. government.

Speaker #4: And when the U.S. government funds research, it's always because there are funding applications that they're interested in. And of course, that's what we want—to focus our research and development on what our customers are interested in.

Thomas McClelland: And when the U.S. government funds research, it is always because they are funding applications that they are interested in. And of course, that is what we want to focus our research and development on, what our customers are interested in, as opposed to stuff that might be intellectually interesting but does not necessarily lead to profitable products down the road. So that is the first thing, is to try to get external funding for as much research and development as possible.

Speaker #4: As opposed to stuff that might be intellectually interesting but doesn't necessarily lead to profitable products down the road. So that's the first thing—to try to get external funding for as much research and development as possible.

Speaker #4: But talking about the internal R&D, I think that like a lot of things that you have to understand that there will be fluctuations and so I don't want to make statements that would be held to on a quarter to by quarter basis.

Thomas McClelland: But talking about the internal R&D, I think that like a lot of things, you have to understand that there will be fluctuations, so I do not want to make statements that will be held to on a quarter-by-quarter basis. But I think that we anticipate the internal R&D funding to stay under 10% of revenue at this point in time. I think that we will see, in an absolute sense, some additional R&D expenditures over the next couple of years as our revenue grows. I hope that gives at least a bit of an answer to your question.

Speaker #4: But I think that we anticipate the internal R&D funding to stay under 10% of revenue at this point in time. I think that we will see, in an absolute sense, some additional R&D expenditures over the next couple of years, as our revenue grows.

Speaker #4: I hope that gives at least a bit of an answer to your question.

Speaker #5: It does. And my second question is, would you at all consider the initiation of a small cash dividend to attract any number of institutions that won't buy the security without a cash payment?

Robert Smith: It does. And my second question is, would you at all consider the initiation of a small cash dividend to attract any number of institutions that will not buy a security without a cash payment?

Speaker #4: Well, we have done so in the recent past, and I think we certainly will consider that going forward. I'm not making any promises at this point, but yes.

Thomas McClelland: Well, we have done so in the recent past, and I think we certainly will consider that going forward. I am not making any promises at this point, but yes, definitely something that is on the table.

Speaker #4: That's definitely something that's on the table.

Speaker #5: Thanks very much. Good luck.

Robert Smith: Thanks very much. Good luck.

Speaker #7: Thank you.

Thomas McClelland: Thank you.

Speaker #4: Thank you.

Steven Bernstein: Thank you.

Steve Bernstein: Thank you.

Speaker #3: Thank you. And there were no other questions at this time. I would now like to hand the call back to Thomas McClelland for closing remarks.

Operator: Thank you. There were no other questions at this time. I would now like to hand the call back to Thomas McClelland for closing remarks.

Speaker #4: Thank you. Thanks for taking the time to listen and participate in today's earnings call. We look forward to providing further updates in the coming months.

Thomas McClelland: Thank you. Thanks for taking the time to listen and participate in today's earnings call, and we look forward to providing further updates in the coming months. Thanks.

Speaker #4: Thanks.

Speaker #3: Thank you. This does conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time and have a wonderful day. Thank you for your participation.

Operator: Thank you. This does conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and have a wonderful day. Thank you for your participation.